Unit 4: Upper Extremity Flashcards
What are the actions of the superior fibers of the trapezius? (2)
Elevate and superiorly rotate scapula.
What are the actions of the middle fibers of the trapezius?
Retract scapula.
What are the actions of the inferior fibers of the trapezius?
Depress scapula.
What innervates the trapezius?
Accessory nerve (CN XI).
Where does the trapezius originate?
On the occipital bone, cervical and thoracic spinous processes.
Where does the trapezius insert?
On the clavicle and scapula.
What is the action of the levator scapulae? (2)
Elevates and inferiorly rotates scapula.
Where does the levator scapulae originate?
Upper cervical transverse processes.
Where does the levator scapulae insert?
Superior medial border of scapula.
What muscles does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate? (3)
- Levator scapulae. 2. Rhomboid major. 3. Rhomboid minor.
What are the actions of rhomboid major and minor? (3)
- Elevates, 2. retracts, and 3. inferiorly rotates scapula.
Where do the rhomboid major and minor originate?
On the spinious processes.
Where does the rhomboid major insert?
Medial border of scapula.
Where does the rhomboid minor insert?
Superior medial border of scapula.
What are the actions of the pectoralis minor?
Protract and depress scapula.
Where does the pectoralis minor originate?
On the ribs.
Where does the pectoralis minor insert?
Coracoid process of scapula.
Where nerve innervates the pectoralis minor?
Medial pectoral nerve.
What are the actions of the serratus anterior? (2)
- Protracts and superiorly rotates scapula. 2. Stabilizes scapula.
Where does the serratus anterior originate?
On the ribs.
Where does the serratus anterior insert?
On the anterior medial border of the scapula.
What nerve innervates the serratus anterior?
Long thoracic nerve.
What are the actions of the subclavius? (2)
Stabilizes and depresses clavicle.
Where does the subclavius originate?
On the ribs.
Where does the subclavius insert?
On the inferior surface of the clavicle.
What nerve innervates the subclavius?
Nerve to subclavius.
What are the actions of the latissimus dorsi? (3)
Extends, adducts & medially rotates glenohumeral joint joint.
Where does the latissimus dorsi originate?
On the ribs.
Where does the latissimus dorsi insert?
On the intertubercular groove of humerus.
What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve.
What are the actions of the pectoralis major? (2)
- Arm flexion. 2. Adducts and medially rotates GH joint.
Where does the pectoralis major originate?
On the clavicle, ribs, and sternum.
Where does the pectoralis major insert?
On the intertubercular groove of humerus.
What nerve innervates the pectoralis major?
Lateral pectoral and medial pectoral nerves.
What actions do the anterior fibers of the deltoid perform? (2)
Flex and medially rotate GH joint.
What actions do the middle fibers of the deltoid perform?
GH abduction.
What actions do the posterior fibers of the deltoid perform? (2)
Extend and laterally rotate GH Joint.
Where is the origin of the deltoid?
On the clavicle and sternum.
Where is the insertion of the deltoid?
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
What nerve innervates of the deltoid?
Axillary nerve.
What actions does the coracobrachialis perform? (2)
Adducts and flexes GH joint.
Where is the origin of the coracobrachialis?
Coracoid process.
Where is the insertion of the coracobrachialis?
Middle medial shaft of humerus.
What nerve innervates the coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve.
What actions does the teres major perform? (3)
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates GH joint.
Where is the origin of the teres major?
Inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula.
Where is the insertion of the teres major?
Lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove of humerus.
What nerve innervates the teres major?
Lower subscapular nerve.
What actions does the triceps brachii perform on the GH joint?
Extends GH joint.
Where is the origin of the triceps brachii?
Infraglenoid tubercle.
Where is the insertion of the triceps brachii?
Olecranon process.
What nerve innervates the triceps brachii?
Radial nerve.
What are the actions of the biceps brachii on the GH joint?
Flexes GH joint.
Where is the origin of the biceps brachii?
Supraglenoid tubercle.
Where is the insertion of the biceps brachii?
Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis.
What nerve innervates the biceps brachii?
Musculocutaneous nerve.
What are the actions of the subscapularis? (2)
- Medially rotates GH joint. 2. Stabilizes the GH joint.
Where is the origin of the subscapularis?
Subscapular fossa.
Where is the insertion of the subscapularis?
Lesser tubercle of humerus.
What nerve innervates the subscapularis?
Upper and lower subscapular nerves.
What are the actions of the supraspinatus? (2)
- Abducts GH joint. 2. Stabilizes the GH joint.
Where is the origin of the supraspinatus?
Supraspinous fossa.
Where is the insertion of the supraspinatus?
Greater tubercle of humerus.
What nerve innervates the supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve.
What are the actions of the infraspinatus and teres minor? (2)
- Adducts and laterally rotates GH joint. 2. Stabilize the GH joint.
Where is the origin of the infraspinatus?
Infraspinous fossa.
Where is the insertion of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor?
Greater tubercle of humerus.
What innervates the infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve.
What is the origin of the teres minor?
Superior lateral border of scapula.
What nerve innervates the teres minor?
Axillary nerve.
What muscles form the rotator cuff? (4) (SITS)
- Subscapularis. 2. Supraspinatus. 3. Infraspinatus. 4. Teres minor.
What artery supplies the tapezius?
Dorsal scapular artery.
What artery supplies the deltoid?
Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery.
What artery supplies the teres major?
Circumflex Scapular Artery.
What artery supplies the lattisimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal Artery.
What artery supplies the supraspinatous and infraspinatus?
Suprascapular Artery.
What artery supplies the teres minor?
Circumflex Scapular Artery.
What artery supplies the subscapularis?
Subscapular Artery.
What arteries supply the serratus anterior? (2)
- Lateral Thoracic Artery. 2. Thoracodorsal Artery.
What artery supplies the pectoralis major and minor?
Thoracoacromial Trunk (Pectoral Branch).
What artery supplies the subclavius?
Thoracoacromial Trunk (Clavicular Branch).
What artery supplies the levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and minor?
Dorsal Scapular Artery.
What artery supplies the triceps brachii?
Deep Brachial Artery.
What artery supplies the coracobrachialis and biceps brachii?
Brachial Artery.
What artery supplies the brachialis and brachioradialis?
Radial (Recurrent) Artery.
