Unit 5 Module 10 tests Flashcards
The scenario above describes a number of strengths and deficits for Joseph. What are they?
A. His strengths are social and reading skills, with deficits in behavior, writing skills and spelling.
B. His strengths are behavior, social and gross motor skills, with deficits in fine motor, reading and spelling skills.
C. His strengths are gross motor and reading skills, with deficits in writing and fine motor skills.
D. His strengths are behavior, social and fine motor skills, with deficits in gross motor, reading and writing skills.
B. His strengths are behavior, social and gross motor skills, with deficits in fine motor, reading and spelling skills.
A common component of the definition of learning disability is that it is a lifelong condition.
True
False
True
In defining learning disability, the difference between a student’s actual academic performance and his or her estimated ability is described as a __________.
A. familiality study
B. response to intervention
C. discrepancy
D. learned helplessness
C. discrepancy
Learning disabilities has been called an “umbrella” disability category because it covers a variety of different educational and behavioral components. Examples are: ___________
A. below average academic performance
B. unremarkable behavior performance
and ___________ along with an exclusion of certain etiological factors.
A. processing disorders
B. lack of visual acuity
A. below average academic performance
A. processing disorders
One explanation for the etiology of learning disabilities is damage to the central nervous system that is caused by an event outside of the person’s body which can occur before, during, or after birth. This is called a/an
______________.
A. hereditary influence
B. biochemical abnormality
C. acquired trauma
D. environmental factor
C. acquired trauma
It is clear in the scenario that Joseph’s learning problems are due to birth trauma. True or False?
True
False
False
______________ do not provide strong instructional direction when compared to
A. norm-referenced assessment
B. criterion-referenced assessment
_______________which can provide information for instructional planning, decision-making, and monitoring progress.
A. norm-referenced assessment
B. criterion-referenced assessment
A. norm-referenced assessment
B. criterion-referenced assessment
Parent Interview
YES
NO
YES
State Benchmark Test Scores
YES
NO
YES
Writing Sample
YES
NO
YES
Classroom Observation
YES
NO
YES
Achievement Tests
YES
NO
YES
Woodcock Reading Mastery Test
YES
NO
YES
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test
YES
NO
YES
Ms. James took extra time to use progress monitoring and mnemonics with Joseph in his new classroom. These are examples of ____________
A. portfolio assessment
B. response to intervention (RTI)
C. bilingual instruction
B. response to intervention (RTI)
In some schools, RTI has now become a way to both identify students with potential learning disabilities as well as a way to pre-refer all students for an LD screening. True or False?
True
False
True
The previous scenario clearly illustrates two different ways that are currently used by educators throughout the United States to diagnose learning disabilities. For instance, Mr. Martinez took one approach and Ms. James took another.
Which statements below accurately describes the way Mr. Martinez addressed Joseph’s potential learning disabilities?
A. Mr. Martinez used the RTI model to find a significant discrepancy in Joseph’s reading, writing, and spelling skills
B. Mr. Martinez used the discrepancy model when he gave Joseph an I. Q. test, along with additional academic evaluation.
B. Mr. Martinez used the discrepancy model when he gave Joseph an I. Q. test, along with additional academic evaluation.
Which statements below accurately describes the way Ms. James addressed Joseph’s potential learning disabilities?
A. Ms. James used the discrepancy model to test Joseph and carry out other academic evaluations.
B. Ms. James used the RTI model to expose Joseph to new instructional interventions along with progress monitoring in his regular classroom
B. Ms. James used the RTI model to expose Joseph to new instructional interventions along with progress monitoring in his regular classroom
A student with a learning disability who has difficulty conversing and picking up social cues has problems with ________________________.
A. short-term memory
B. syntax
C. semantics
D. pragmatics
D. pragmatics
A student with a learning disability who has difficulty discerning the last sound in the word “cliff” is having a problem involving ____________________________.
A. Phonemic awareness
B. Phonological awareness
C. Dyslexia
D. Syntax
A. Phonemic awareness
In the definition of learning disability, the notion of discrepancy refers to the comparison of which two factors? (Select all that apply.)
A. Intellectual ability
B. Severity of impairment
C. Academic achievement
D. Type of impairment
A. Intellectual ability
C. Academic achievement
What is the most recent approach of professionals working with people who have learning disabilities?
A. Focus on the lifelong nature of learning disabilities
B. Focus on wide range of characteristics of learning disabilities
C. Focus on academic performance
D. Focus on attention disorders
A. Focus on the lifelong nature of learning disabilities
Auditory memory problems are thought to create difficulties with __________________
for individuals with learning disabilities.
A. spelling
B. sentence structure
C. reading
D. story writing
A. spelling
Which action below is NOT an example of using a metacognitive skill?
A. A student consults a dictionary to make sure a word is correct.
B. A student rehearses a list of numbers in his mind.
C. A student rereads her work as she writes.
D. A student scans ahead in her reading assignment.
B. A student rehearses a list of numbers in his mind.
_______________ children with learning disorders display symptoms of ADHD.
A. all
B. few
C. some
D. most
C. some
Its balanced application to all academic areas
YES
NO
NO
Fewer students recognized as learning disabled
YES
NO
YES
Fewer inappropriate referrals for special education
YES
NO
YES
Less stigma placed on learners
YES
NO
YES
One advantage of norm-referenced tests is that they ______________________.
A. provide professionals with large amounts of data
B. offer teachers a way of assessing their teaching
C. provide instructional direction
D. allow professionals to describe an individual student’s performance
A. provide professionals with large amounts of data
What do metacognition deficits, memory problems, and outer-directedness have in common?
A. They all result from problems with attribution.
B. They can all be improved with teaching.
C. They all result from disorders of attention.
D. They are all associated with oral language difficulties.
B. They can all be improved with teaching.
According to federal law, all evaluations of children with potential learning disabilities are conducted in English.
True
False
False
Read each statement below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI?
It is generally three-tiered.
YES
NO
NO
Read each statement below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI?
It is language-based.
YES
NO
YES
Read each statement below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI?
It combines assessment and teaching.
YES
NO
YES
Read each statement below and indicate whether it is (Yes) or is not (No) a core characteristic of RTI?
It is a 20-to-26 week process.
YES
NO
NO
Which of the following actions would be easier for a teacher to complete if a student of his has undergone criterion-referenced assessment? (Select all that apply.)
A. compare her to how her peers are doing
B. develop an individual instruction plan (IEP).
C. see a portfolio of her work
D. determine her level of mastery in a subject
A. compare her to how her peers are doing
D. determine her level of mastery in a subject
Which factor is NOT considered a common component of different definitions of learning disabilities?
A. Intellect within normal range
B. Lifelong condition
C. Learning disabilities are not primarily caused by other disabilities
D. Behavioral problems
D. Behavioral problems
Problems with reading and writing may be linked to
__________ for individuals with learning disabilities.
A. phonological awareness
B. memory
C. phonemic awareness
D. semantics
A. phonological awareness
Short-term memory tasks involve retaining information while completing another cognitive task at the same time.
True
False
False
Low self-esteem is a common cause of learning disabilities.
True
False
False
Which of the following statements expresses a problem associated with the assessment of discrepancy?
A. Clinical judgment is a subjective measure.
B. Intelligence is not tested as a discrete measure.
C. Different states quantify discrepancy differently.
D. Educational achievement is overshadowed by cognitive measures.
C. Different states quantify discrepancy differently.
Unlike discrepancy testing, RTI assesses the entire student population, not just those thought to have a learning disability.
True
False
True
Curriculum-based measurement (CBM) is similar to RTI in that it ___________________.
A. is a tier-based system
B. narrows down the number of students over time
C. works across a wide range of disciplines
D. tightly links assessment and instruction
D. tightly links assessment and instruction
