Unit 3 test Flashcards
Which of the following statements best explains the link between cultural bias and disproportionality in special education programs?
A. Many learning disabilities in white students are misinterpreted as behavioral problems.
B. Most special education programs are designed for white students rather than minorities.
C. Many students are identified as learning disabled due to subjective interpretations of their behavior.
D. Most bilingual education programs today are primarily designed to promote English language skills .
C. Many students are identified as learning disabled due to subjective interpretations of their behavior.
Which of the following is a common misconception that leads to problems in assessing students from linguistically diverse groups?
A. Students from different language groups can achieve the same level of fluency in English.
B. Bilingual students are taught in their own language until they gain the complex language skills to succeed in English.
C. Students who become fluent in conversational English have the complex language skills necessary for academic success.
C. Students who become fluent in conversational English have the complex language skills necessary for academic success.
True or false? Close to 10 percent of students in U.S. schools are non-English speakers.
True
False
False
While the number of students of color in U.S. schools is quickly approaching 50 percent, the number of teachers of color is about
A. 30 percent.
B. 20 percent.
C. 40 percent.
D. 50 percent.
B. 20 percent.
The most feasible way to combat the overrepresentation of certain ethnic groups in special education due to language differences would be to __________.
A. encourage school administrators to mandate bilingual education in U.S. schools
B. involve more bilingual teachers in the screening process for learning disabilities
C. select instructional models based on the student’s level of proficiency in English
D. promote an understanding of bilingual education as a pedagogical technique
C. select instructional models based on the student’s level of proficiency in English
Which of these statements is true about underrepresentation in special education classes?
A. There is a smaller percentage of white students in gifted and talented programs than are in the general education population.
B. There is a smaller percentage of white students in gifted and talented programs than Asian Americans.
C. There are fewer Asian-American students in special education than in gifted and talented programs.
D. There are fewer gifted and talented programs geared toward minority students rather than whites.
C. There are fewer Asian-American students in special education than in gifted and talented programs.
True or false? An example of a socioeconomic basis for disproportionality in special education is that many minority students living in poverty have limited proficiency in English.
True
False
True
They are likely to be unreliable when translated into other languages.
YES
NO
YES
They rely on a standardized test format uncommon in other countries.
YES
NO
NO
They fail to consider how life experiences affect understanding of text.
YES
NO
YES
They provide an inadequate measure of a student’s cultural assimilation.
YES
NO
NO
They are biased toward individuals who have had training on test-taking skills.
YES
NO
YES
They place heavy emphasis on verbal skills as a measure of intellectual potential.
YES
NO
YES
True or false? Since passage of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), parents are required by law to participate in educational decisions affecting their child receiving special education services.
True
False
True
The cohesiveness of the family unit
YES
NO
YES
The family’s ability to adapt to change
YES
NO
YES
Cultural definitions of deviant behavior
YES
NO
YES
According to the stage model of parental reaction, parents engage in an internal process referred to as bargaining mainly in an attempt to __________.
A. adjust to new circumstances
B. work through feelings of guilt
C. deny the existence of a problem
D. lessen their emotional load
A. adjust to new circumstances
Which of these statements best explains why cultural stereotyping affects the success of special education programs?
A. The incidence of learning impairments is highest among minority groups living in poverty-stricken urban areas.
B. The approach to teaching students with learning impairments depends on behaviors and beliefs unique to individuals and their families.
C. The families of most children with learning impairments are from minority groups and highly dysfunctional.
D. The link between learning impairments and minority culture is widely supported by scientific research.
B. The approach to teaching students with learning impairments depends on behaviors and beliefs unique to individuals and their families.
According to the Turnbull model, how is a low-level of family cohesion likely to affect a child with learning disabilities?
A. The family is unlikely to value the advice of professionals.
B. Educators are unlikely to pinpoint the source of the problem.
C. The child is unlikely to respond to educational intervention.
D. Parents are unlikely to seek the necessary support.
D. Parents are unlikely to seek the necessary support.
The diversity in U.S. schools today is best reflected by a population composed of different groups of people that __________.
A. speak a language other than English
B. share characteristics unique to their culture
C. are of the same race or ethnicity
D. come from the same home country
B. share characteristics unique to their culture
An effective way to reduce disproportionality in special ed and improve educational opportunities for minorities would most likely be to __________.
A. match students with teachers from similar socioeconomic groups
B. make emotional support services an integral part of special education
C. use academic assessments that match specific cultural experiences
D. make English proficiency an eligibility requirement for special education
C. use academic assessments that match specific cultural experiences
True or false? Current mandates for nondiscriminatory testing require that school districts assess students in their native language when appropriate.
True
False
True
Until the early 1970s, the relationship between professional educators and parents was strained largely because each group was __________.
A. following conflicting procedures for addressing special needs
B. supporting different legislation regarding parental rights
C. fighting for control over educational placement decisions
D. blaming each other for a child’s learning disabilities
D. blaming each other for a child’s learning disabilities
How does portfolio assessment support the theory of multiple intelligences?
A. It assesses practical skills rather than academic subject knowledge.
B. It links subject area weaknesses to specific instructional strategies.
C. It requires students to rely on a variety of problem-solving techniques
D. It pinpoints subject-area strengths based proven performance.
D. It pinpoints subject-area strengths based proven performance.
How has the role of special educators changed as a result of legislation commonly called “The Parents’ Law?”
A. They are now collaborators with parents in the educational decision-making process.
B. They are now intermediaries between parents and professionals such psychologists.
C. They are now political advocates for parents fighting discriminatory educational practices.
D. They are now cultural translators for parents who lack English language proficiency.
A. They are now collaborators with parents in the educational decision-making process.
Siblings from large families are most likely to seek help from support groups.
YES
NO
NO
Parents are likely to redefine their roles in the family to adjust to the situation.
YES
NO
YES
The father’s attitude toward the family is likely to affect the attitude of siblings.
YES
NO
YES
The attitude of each the sibling toward the family group is likely to be different.
YES
NO
YES
The mother and father’s relationship affects the severity of the family’s reaction.
YES
NO
NO
Professional educators use the stage model of parental reaction primarily to identify __________.
A. evidence of family dysfunction
B. cultural standards for behavior
C. areas of needed support
D. precursors to academic failure
C. areas of needed support
Which of these statements best explains the concept of cultural pluralism in educational practice?
A. Cultural groups are assimilated into U.S. culture but taught in their native languages.
B. Bilingualism is encouraged in native English speakers as well as in students with other native languages.
C. American students are assimilated into other cultures as students from other cultures share elements of their heritage.
D. Cultural groups are encouraged to retain elements of their heritage as well as absorb elements of American culture.
D. Cultural groups are encouraged to retain elements of their heritage as well as absorb elements of American culture.
Overrepresentation refers mainly to the fact that the number of minority students in special education __________.
A. is disproportionate to their representation in the school population as a whole
B. is disproportionate to the number eligible based on valid screening procedures
C. comprises a larger number of African-American students than any other ethnic group
D. comprises students taught in traditional classrooms as well as in resource rooms
A. is disproportionate to their representation in the school population as a whole
Which of the following groups is most likely to be overrepresented in special education classes?
A. Pacific Islanders with sensory impairments
B. Hispanic/Latino students with motor skill impairments
C. African American students with mild intellectual disability
D. White students with social skill deficiencies
C. African American students with mild intellectual disability
Which of the following is the most feasible option for reducing the number of ELL students placed in special education classes?
A. instruct ELL students in bilingual classes for a longer period of time.
B. place more ELL students in English language immersion programs.
C. make fluency in more than one language a requirement for special education teachers.
D. require that ELL students receive English language instruction outside the classroom.
A. instruct ELL students in bilingual classes for a longer period of time.
Professional educators today most likely agree that families of children with special needs __________.
A. typically include a dysfunctional mother-child relationship
B. have unique strengths and weaknesses based on group dynamics
C. exacerbate, if not cause, the children’s learning disabilities
D. have distinguishing characteristics that define them as a group
B. have unique strengths and weaknesses based on group dynamics
The Family-Systems Model is based on the philosophy that a child’s needs can be better assessed when evaluating how families __________.
A. retain elements of their heritage
B. conform to cultural norms
C. transmit values from parent to child
D. function as a social group
D. function as a social group
Grief
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
A. Primary Phase
Depression
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
A. Primary Phase
Anger
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
Resentment
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
Guilt
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
Shame
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
Indifference
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
Adjustment
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
Acceptance
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
Reorganization
A. Primary Phase
B. Secondary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
C. Tertiary Phase
