Trauma Practice Test

Question 1

You have just arrived on scene of a single vehicle accident involving a truck that has slid off the road and rolled. Your patient was driving about 40 MPH when he hit an icy spot and went off the road rolling the vehicle one time. After completing your scene size up, which of the following treatment choices would be the most appropriate?
A. Perform a rapid trauma assessment
B. Check baseline vitals, do a focused exam on the patient’s chief complaint
c. Perform a detailed physical examination to uncover any life threatening injuries
d. Get a SAMPLE history and do a focused physical examination

Answer 1

a. Perform a rapid trauma assessment

Question 2

Which of the following is usually the most dangerous?

a. Dark red bleeding
b. Arterial bleed
c. Venous bleed
d. Capillary bleed

Answer 2

b. Arterial bleed

Question 3

Assault is used to describe behavior that?

a. Causes fear of offensive physical contact
b. Is threatening
c. Attempts offensive physical contact
d. All of the above

Answer 3

d. All of the above

Question 4

A 73 year old female was in her backyard gardening when she collapsed to the ground. Her husband told 911 that “she is breathing very fast and will not talk to me.” You arrive to find the woman lying on her side in the grass. She is breathing at 7 breaths per minute and her pulse is irregular and very thready. Her lungs also present with crackles upon auscultation As you are taking a blood pressure (88/66) the husband tells you that the woman has been having jaw pain and some weakness for approximately 3 days. What is the most likely cause of this woman’s condition and how would you treat her?

a. Hypoperfusion, High flow O2, and transport in Fowler’s position
b. Cardiogenic shock, Assist ventilations, and transport
c. Cardiac arrest, Treat for shock, and rapid transport
d. Septic shock, Transport in a position of comfort with high flow O2 via NRB

Answer 4

b. Cardiogenic shock, Assist ventilations, and transport

Question 5

Your patient is a 41 year old female who was found lying prone in the kitchen. She does not appear to be conscious and there is a pool of saliva next to her head. You and your partner log roll her into a supine position while maintaining c-spine stabilization. Just as you get the woman rolled over her husband tells you that she has a previous history of heart attacks. What would be the most appropriate course of action to take next?

a. Have your partner get the AED, Attach it to the patient, and analyze
b. Do a jaw thrust to open her airway
c. Verify a palpable pulse, attach the AED, and prepare to analyze
d. Give her a sternal rub to verify consciousness

Answer 5

b. Do a jaw thrust to open her airway

Question 6

Dispatch has called you to the scene of a U.S. mail truck that slid out of control on a dirt road and rolled over. Bystanders reported the truck has caught on fire and the driver is outside the truck trying to gather the dumped mail. As you arrive on scene the fire department is just getting the fire out and the driver of the truck is standing back watching the smoldering mess. You should:

a. Get a SAMPLE history on the driver
b. Do a focused assessment on the driver
c. Do a standing backboard technique on the driver
d. Get the driver to sign a transport refusal form

Answer 6

c. Do a standing backboard technique on the driver

Question 7

You arrive on scene with your partner Levi to transport a patient that has been throwing up blood that looked like coffee grounds. This sign would lead you to believe that this patient has?

a. GI bleed
b. Esophageal Veracies
c. Pancytopenia
d. Hemophagocytic syndrome

Answer 7

a. GI bleed

Question 8

You and your partner Pepe arrive on scene to find a man in his early twenties with a large gash on his forearm that is spurting blood. You immediately apply pressure with your gloved hand as Pepe hands you a trauma dressing. The patient is pale with a weak rapid pulse and respirations of 30 breaths per minute. As you are finishing your initial assessment and bandaging the wound the PT tells you to “get away” from him. Your best course of action would be to do what?

a. Have Pepe wrestle him onto the stretcher.
b. Tell the patient you cannot leave him until the wound is bandaged and then restrain him to the stretcher
c. Explain to the patient that you are almost finished bandaging his wound and you will leave him alone then
d. Stop bandaging the wound and call for police assistance in restraining the patient for transport

Answer 8

c. Explain to the patient that you are almost finished bandaging his wound and you will leave him alone then

Question 9

A respiration rate would be considered within normal limits for an adult at____ per minute, for a 6-12 year old child at ____ per minute, and for an infant at____ per minute.

a. 20 - 40 - 60
b. 16 - 25 - 40
c. 22 - 32 - 42
d. 10 - 20 - 40

Answer 9

b. 16 - 25 - 40

Question 10

Which of the following would be a sign that CPR may not be necessary?

a. The patient is unconscious
b. Core cyanosis
c. Stiff neck and jaw
d. No pulse or respirations

Answer 10

c. Stiff neck and jaw

Question 11

Upon assessment of a 55 year old male, you find his blood pressure to be 124/75 his pulse is 122 and his respirations are 18. It would be stated that this man is?

a. Tachypnic
b. Erythemic
c. Hypertensive
d. Tachycardic

Answer 11

d. Tachycardic

Question 12

You arrive on scene to find a 34-year-old male lying on the ground in a pool of blood. Bright, red blood is spurting from a large cut in his shirt sleeve and he is clutching a knife between his teeth. What should you do first?

a. Leave the scene until police arrive to make the scene safe
b. Have your partner distract the patient while you take the knife from him
c. Inform the patient you will not hurt him and treat the injury
d. Call for police backup and then treat the wound

Answer 12

a. Leave the scene until police arrive to make the scene safe

Question 13

You have just arrived at the scene to find a 27-year-old female complaining of anxiety and breathing difficulties. Which of the following questions would be most appropriate to ask first?

a. How long have you been having trouble breathing?
b. What is your name?
c. Do you have a history of panic attacks?
d. What day is today?

Answer 13

b. What is your name?

Question 14

You are called to a home where a 91 year old man has had a syncopal episode and is vomiting. The caregiver who called 911 stated that the patient’s bowel movements have been bright red since yesterday. The patient has not complained of any pain, but is nauseated. What is most likely wrong with this man and which choice includes appropriate treatment steps?

a. He has an upper GI bleed and should be transported sitting up with high flow O2 administered via a non rebreather mask at 15 LPM.
b. He has pancreatitis and should be given high flow O2 via NRB at 15 LPM. Rapid transport in a left lateral recumbent position while keeping him warm will help avoid shock.
c. He has a lower GI bleed and should be given O2 via nasal cannula at 4LPM and transported in a position of comfort while treating for shock
d. He has had a TIA and should be given high flow oxygen via NRB and transported on his effected side to the nearest hospital.

Answer 14

c. He has a lower GI bleed and should be given O2 via nasal cannula at 4LPM and transported in a position of comfort while treating for shock

Question 15

Cells that die during a stroke are called?

a. Dead cells
b. Infarcted cells
c. Refracted cells
d. Eschrum cells

Answer 15

b. Infarcted cells

Question 16

A man has both legs burned on the front and back, along with the fronts of both arms. Approximately what percentage of his body was burned?

a. 36 percent
b. 45 percent
c. 50 percent
d. 54 percent

Answer 16

b. 45 percent

Question 17

A train derailment has caused two tanker cars to explode and several others to begin leaking an unknown gas. The size of the affected area is large and crosses several county lines. According to NIMS, this type of MCI would benefit most from a:

a. Multiple Command System
b. Singular Command System
c. Coordinated Command System
d. Unified Command System

Answer 17

d. Unified Command System

Question 18

You and your partner Duval arrive on scene to find a woman who has suffered a blunt trauma to the chest from a swing on a carnival ride. She is having difficulty breathing and upon auscultation you hear nothing on the right side. This woman likely has a______________________ and would be suffering from_____________________as the collapsed lung is incapable of oxygenating any blood.

a. Flail chest / hyperventilation
b. Hemoptysis / hypoventilation
c. Broken jaw /severe pain
d. Pneumothorax / hypoxia

Answer 18

d. Pneumothorax / hypoxia

Question 19

Rapid breathing is first seen in what stage of shock?

a. Compensated
b. Decompensated
c. Irreversible
d. Both A and B

Answer 19

a. Compensated

Question 20

You are assessing an 84 year old man. Upon auscultation of the lungs you discover crackles or rale sounds. He is complaining of chest pain and congestion. These signs and symptoms can indicate?

a. An embolism
b. Collapse of the vena cava
c. Right ventricular failure
d. Left ventricular failure

Answer 20

d. Left ventricular failure

Question 21

What should be done to a French tip catheter after suctioning a patient’s airway?

a. Put it in the sharps container
b. Throw it away
c. Take it home for your kids to play with
d. Flush with sterile water in preparation for additional suctioning

Answer 21

d. Flush with sterile water in preparation for additional suctioning

Question 22

Cellular respiration and cellular metabolism are best described as:

a. The exchange of respiratory gases between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillary.
b. The exchange of respiratory gases between the systemic capillaries and the surrounding tissue beds.
c. The use of oxygen and carbohydrates to produce energy and the creation of carbon dioxide and water by-products.
d. The use of oxygen to create hemoglobin in the blood stream..

Answer 22

c. The use of oxygen and carbohydrates to produce energy and the creation of carbon dioxide and water by-products

Question 23

If a trauma patient is unconscious and you do not know the mechanism of injury, you should always assume the patient?

a. Had an AMI
b. Has a spinal injury
c. Had a stroke
d. Needs an AED

Answer 23

b. Has a spinal injury

Question 24

Meningitis is:

a. An infection of the zygote
b. An inflammation of a membrane most often caused by viruses or bacteria
c. Always contagious and proper PPE should be utilized
d. A degenerative disease of the feet

Answer 24

b. An inflammation of a membrane most often caused by viruses or bacteria

Question 25

All of the following are contraindications of oral glucose except: a. Nausea b. Vomiting c. Decreased level of consciousness d. Hypoglycemia

Answer 25

d. Hypoglycemia

Question 26

Which space in the body will you find the pancreas? a. Subriatal space b. Pericardial space c. Peritoneal space. d. Retroperitoneal space

Answer 26

d. Retroperitoneal space

Question 27

Your patient is an 18 month old boy who, as reported by his mother, is "acting strange". You arrive to find the child reclined in his mother's arms. "I don't know what's wrong with him," she says. "I came out of the bathroom and he started making odd sounds and had spit running out of his mouth." What is the first thing you should do? a. Notify the pediatric ward at the hospital of the situation and do a rapid transport with high flow O2 via NRB. b. Roll the child into a recovery position and begin suctioning the oropharynx.. c. Get a general impression of the child by visually assessing the quality of his respirations, his skin color, and his appearance. d. Insert a properly measured OPA to secure the airway. Pad the child's shoulders to align the airway.

Answer 27

c. Get a general impression of the child by visually assessing the quality of his respirations, his skin color, and his appearance.

Question 28

The patient is a 6 year old girl whose mother says has been sick for a few days and then started having breathing problems this morning. Upon assessment, you notice the child is flaring her nostrils and has a hoarse voice when talking. What is she most likely suffering from and what should you do? a. She could have SARS and should be transported wearing a HEPA mask b. She could have epiglottitis and needs to be transported with high flow O2 on an NRB c. She could have croup and needs to be transported with a nasal cannula at 4 lpm d. She could have tonsillitis and will require transport to the hospital in a position of comfort

Answer 28

b. She could have epiglottitis and needs to be transported with high flow O2 on an NRB

Question 29

The pediatric assessment triangle is composed of three elements: a. Circulation, Appearance, Work of Breathing b. Level of Consciousness, Quality of Respirations, General Appearance c. Muscle Tone, Respiratory depth and rate, Perfusion d. Blood pressure, Pulse rate, Respiratory Rate

Answer 29

a. Circulation, Appearance, Work of Breathing

Question 30

One pupil dilated and the other constricted would suggest what type of injury? a. Cervical b. Crovasic c. Cellular d. Cerebral

Answer 30

d. Cerebral

Question 31

Communication on the radio is a very important part of the EMS system, and messages should be: a. Encoded so anybody not in the system, who is listening, will not know what you are talking about b. Short, and to the point, using words like, 'yes' and 'no' c. Transmitted as rapidly as possible to keep the airway open. d. In plain English

Answer 31

d. In plain English

Question 32

A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) will usually stop after: a. 10-15 minutes b. 30-60 minutes c. 1-2 days d. Proper intervention

Answer 32

a. 10-15 minutes

Question 33

You are called to the scene of a woman who is having difficulty breathing. Upon arrival you notice several people surrounding the woman who seems to be agitated. Your scene assessment determines it to be safe and you approach the woman who is in the tripod position. Her breathing is rapid and shallow. She states her ribs hurt after being struck with a punch from her husband. You should? a. Call law enforcement and leave the scene until they arrive b. Treat the patient if the situation appears safe and inform law enforcement of the possible assault when the time is appropriate c. Inform the woman that she will have to go to the hospital if she wants to get treated. This environment is not safe d. Call the husband out for hitting a woman and make him look dumb in front of the rest of the family

Answer 33

b. Treat the patient if the situation appears safe and inform law enforcement of the possible assault when the time is appropriate

Question 34

You are called to the scene of a man down. Dispatch reports the man is pulseless and bystanders are doing CPR. According to the NREMT Cardiac Arrest Management/AED skill sheet, which of the following sequences is appropriate? a. Check for responsiveness, Assess for breathing, Check carotid pulse , put your gloves on b. Turn on power to AED, open the patient's airway, insert an adjunct and then analyze the rhythm c. Question the bystanders, direct them to stop CPR , check for pulse and then attach the AED, Begin chest compressions d. Complete one cycle of CPR, Attach the AED, Have everyone stand clear during rhythm check

Answer 34

d. Complete one cycle of CPR, Attach the AED, Have everyone stand clear during rhythm check

Question 35

It's 7:30 a.m. and you arrive on scene of a two car collision involving at least 6 patients on a foggy corner of a fairly busy country road. The fire department is not there yet and there is smoke and flames showing from both cars. You can hear people crying and cars are already driving around the wreckage to get past the scene. What steps should you take? a. Begin extrication of the patients while your partner calls for more ambulances b. Triage the most critically injured first and then extricate them in order of severity c. Get the fire department en route, establish a safety zone and assist in keeping traffic a safe distance away d. Inform the patients that you are not allowed by law to enter the zone until it is made safe by law enforcement

Answer 35

c. Get the fire department en route, establish a safety zone and assist in keeping traffic a safe distance away

Question 36

What would you look for in an assessment of an emergency related to the nervous system? a. Level of activity b. Cardiogenic c. Scene size up d. Symmetry of response

Answer 36

d. Symmetry of response

Question 37

``` What authority has jurisdiction over radio transmissions made during a call? a. FCT b. PTA c . FCC d. NRA ```

Answer 37

c . FCC

Question 38

During an assessment of a 78 year old woman you find her skin to be cool, moist, and pale. What would you suspect? a. Hypoperfusion b. Hyperthermia c. Hyperglycemia d. Vasovagal

Answer 38

a. Hypoperfusion

Question 39

What does the mnemonic OPQRST stand for? a. Onset, pertinent past medical history, quality of the discomfort, radiation, symptoms, and time. b. Onset; provocation, palliative, and positioning; quality of the discomfort; radiation; severity; and time. c. Origin; provocation, palliative, and positioning; quality of the discomfort; radiation; signs; and time. d. Origin, pertinent past medical history, quantity of the discomfort, radiation, severity, and time.

Answer 39

b. Onset; provocation, palliative, and positioning; quality of the discomfort; radiation; severity; and time

Question 40

After the baby's head has delivered you should? a. Suction the mouth and nose then check if the cord is wrapped around the infant's neck b. Suction the mouth and nose and wait for the mother to push the rest of the baby out c. Support the head and gently pull the baby out d. Put the mother on high flow O2 and prepare to deliver the rest of the infant.

Answer 40

b. Suction the mouth and nose and wait for the mother to push the rest of the baby out

Question 41

Signs and symptoms of concussion include all of the following except: a. Inappropriate emotional responses b. Discoloration around eyes and ears c. Inability to recall simple concepts and words d. Delayed motor and verbal responses

Answer 41

b. Discoloration around eyes and ears

Question 42

Which list includes only the "Five Rights" of medication administration? a. Patient, medication, indication, dose, and time. b. Medication, dose, time, route, and documentation. c. Patient, medication, dose, route, and time. d. Medication, dose, generic name, route, and documentation

Answer 42

c. Patient, medication, dose, route, and time.

Question 43

Which of the following is considered a sign? a. The patient states she is dizzy b. The patient says she took her insulin c. There is blood in the vomit of the patient d. The patient states she has a headache

Answer 43

c. There is blood in the vomit of the patient

Question 44

Use of an SpO2 monitor on a person suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning will be inaccurate because ___________. a. CO2 is odorless and tasteless so the monitor cannot detect it b. Carbon monoxide has a weaker bond with the hemoglobin c. The oxygen has stronger bonding properties than the CO2 molecule d. The carbon monoxide molecule displaces the oxygen molecule inhibiting oxygen delivery

Answer 44

d. The carbon monoxide molecule displaces the oxygen molecule inhibiting oxygen delivery

Question 45

Which of the following choices is a normal systolic blood pressure in a child? a. Greater than 70 mm Hg b. Less than 80 mm Hg c. 70 mm Hg d. Greater than 120 mm Hg

Answer 45

a. Greater than 70 mm Hg

Question 46

``` A 57 year old woman is complaining of chest pain. Her blood pressure is 109/88 and her respirations are at 22 per minute. What condition does the patient's blood pressure indicate? a. Systolic transcardiac eschemia b. Low pulse pressure c. Paradoxical pressure d Martiners Rule ```

Answer 46

b. Low pulse pressure

Question 47

When transmitting a number with two or more digits you should say the whole number first, followed by: a. Saying it again b. Saying, "Do you copy?" c. Saying it in Spanish d. Saying each number individually

Answer 47

d. Saying each number individually

Question 48

Upon making patient contact, you notice a large quantity of prescription bottles on the nightstand next to their bed. Which of the letters in the SAMPLE mnemonic is related to the observation? a. L b. P c. A. d. E

Answer 48

b. P

Question 49

Signs and symptoms of Cushing's phenomenon include all of the following except: a. Biot respirations b. Hypertension c. Tachycardia d. Central neurogenic hyperventilation

Answer 49

c. Tachycardia

Question 50

Of the following, where shouldn't attention be focused during secondary assessment of the arms? a. Medical jewelry b. Motor function c. Distal circulation d. Accessory muscle use

Answer 50

d. Accessory muscle use

Question 51

NIMS is best explained as: a. A National system of managing large emergencies based on having private and governmental organizations work independently at the scene of a mass casualty b. A template system for providing consistent, effective processes in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from an incident c. Governmental rescue organizations taking responsibility for controlling the parts of the scene that fall within their expertise d. A systematic approach of assessment used during the triage of large groups of people during a mass casualty incident

Answer 51

b. A template system for providing consistent, effective processes in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from an incident

Question 52

You arrive on scene with your partner Emilio to find a woman who is having problems breathing. She is speaking in 1 or 2 word bursts and is on oxygen at 3 liters per minute. There is an ashtray next to her bed loaded with cigarette butts. She says her care taker called the ambulance and she does not want you there. She says she will allow you to take her vitals but then you have to leave. Her BP is 100/60 her pulse is 48 and her respirations are 18. She says she is 89 years old and has a pacemaker and is on high blood pressure medication. "I just want to be old, please leave", she says. What should you do? a. Respect her wishes and leave, asking her to please call if she needs medical attention b. Transport her to the ER. Her vitals dictate that you must c. Tell the care giver to quit calling and giving false alarms d. Prepare to bag her and transport when she eventually passes out

Answer 52

a. Respect her wishes and leave, asking her to please call if she needs medical attention

Question 53

You arrive on scene with your partner Elija to a multiple vehicle accident where you are the 2nd ambulance to arrive. Scene size up indicates there are 7 patients in 3 cars all requiring extrication. In the first car is a 27 year old woman who is 32 weeks pregnant, conscious, and crying, a 12 year old girl who is screaming and complaining of back pain, and an 8 year old boy who has a facial laceration and open fracture of the tibia who is also conscious but breathing very shallow. In the second car is an 86 year old man who is slumped against the steering wheel with no pulse and has a piece of metal impaled through his head. In the third car are 3 teenagers 17 years of age. The two in the front seat are complaining of neck pain and appear to have an altered level of consciousness. Neither of them were wearing a seatbelt and both have contusions on their foreheads. In the back seat is the last occupant, a girl who said she was having a seizure and vomiting earlier so her friends were taking her to the hospital. She was wearing her seat belt and has no sign of injury. Who should be receiving treatment first? a. The 86 year old man b. The pregnant woman c. The 8 year old boy d. The vomiting teenager

Answer 53

c. The 8 year old boy

Question 54

Why does Nitroglycerin lower the blood pressure? a. Because it reduces the workload on the veins b. Because the veins are constricted reducing workload on the heart c. It doesn't, it raises it d. Because it dilates the vessels reducing the preload on the heart

Answer 54

d. Because it dilates the vessels reducing the preload on the heart

Question 55

If a patient was feeling nauseated this would likely be a_______________response. If a person was tachycardic it would likely be a___________________ response. a. Parasympathetic / sympathetic b. Fight or flight / peripheral nervous c. Sympathetic / parasympathetic d. Parasympathetic / simplistic

Answer 55

a. Parasympathetic / sympathetic

Question 56

With regard to blood pressure, which of the following statements is true? a. Blood pressure has a direct affect on the perfusion of the body's tissues b. Blood pressure is equal to cardiac output divided by peripheral vascular resistance c. Blood pressure is the single most important sign during the initial assessment d. Blood pressure is the force exerted on the heart as the right ventricle contracts

Answer 56

a. Blood pressure has a direct affect on the perfusion of the body's tissues