Trauma exam Flashcards
1.) A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she:
A. Is ejected or partially ejected
B. remains within the vehicle
C. is wearing only a lap belt
D. experiences multiple impacts
A. Is ejected or partially ejected
A 45 year old female was unrestrained passeseger of a small car that rear ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert but complains to both of her knees. There is a visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger’s side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be MOST suspicious for:
A. a thoracic spine fracture
B. fracture of the tibia or fibula
C. anterior hip dislocation
D. posterior hip dislocation.
D. posterior hip dislocation
A(n) ____ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child’s bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities
A. epiphyseal
B. metaphyseal
C. disaphyseal
D. greenstick
A. epiphyseal
The mastoid process is located approximately:
A. 1 inch inferior to the external opening of the ear
B. half an inch anterior to the external opening of the ear
C. 1 inch posterior to the angle of the mandible
D. 1 inch posterior to the external opening of the ear
D. 1 inch posterior to the external opening of the ear
By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?
A. Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy; the potential energy is then converted into work f bringing the body to a stop
B. As the person falls, the amount of kinetic energy is converted into work, work is then converted to kinetic energy upon impact.
C. Potential energy is created as the person is falling; the potential energy is then converted into kinetic energy upon impact.
D.Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop
D.Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop
A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury:
A. Should be placed in Trendelenburg position
B. Requires prompt ventilation and oxygenation
C. Is most likely experiencing severe blood loss.
D. Has most likely experienced a ruptured aorta
B. Requires prompt ventilation and oxygenation
During your assessment of a patient with blunt chest trauma, you not that the patient has shallow breathing and paradoxical movement of the left chest wall. You should:
A. Make note of it and continue and your assessment
B. Apply high flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask
C. request a paramedic to decompress to the chest
D. assist ventilation with a bag valve mask
D. assist ventilation with a bag valve mask
Improperly applying a splint can cause all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. aggravation of distal circulation
B. delay in transport of a patient with a life threatening injury
C. increase of distal circulation if the splint is too tight
D. compression of nerves, tissues, and blood vessles
C. increase of distal circulation if the splint is too tight
An open neck injury may result in ___ if enough air is sucked into a blood vessel
A. an air embolism
B. Subcutaneous emphysema
C. tracheal deviation
D. hypovolemic shock
A. an air embolism
You and your partner respond to a patient who has his hands nearly severed by a drill press. As you approach, you note that the patient is pale and there appears to be a lot of blood on the floor. The wound continues to bleed copiously. After applying a tourniquet, you write ___ and ___ on a piece of adhesive tape and apply it to the patients forehead.
A. The letters “TK”; the exact time applied
B. The patients’s name; tourniquet location
C. Your last name, unit number
D. The date and time; estimated amount of blood loss.
A. The letters “TK”; the exact time applied
A 39 year old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unresponissve with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should:
A. Irrigate her eyes with water to prevent mucosal drying
B. secure her eyes open so you can reassess her pupils
C. Close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing
D. inspect her eyes and gently remove impaled objects
C. Close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing
A 38 year old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apnea. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should:
A. assess for entry and exit wounds
B. begin CPR and apply the AED
C. begin CPR and transport at once
D. fully immobilize his spinal column
B. begin CPR and apply the AED
A 37 year old male was pinned between a flatbed truck and a loading dock. on exam, you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds, and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging. You should:
A. Perform a secondary assessment
B. aggressively manage his airway
C. request a paramedic and ambulance
D. suspect a severe hemopneumothorax
B. aggressively manage his airway
A 45 year old male was working on his roof when he fell approximately 12 feet, landing on his feet. He is conscious and alert and complains of an ache in his lower back. He is breathing adequately and has stable vital signs. You should:
A. Obtain a Glasgow coma score value and give him oxygen
B. immobilize his spine and perform a focused secondary exam
C. perform a rapid head to toe exam and immobilize his spine
D. allow him to refuse transport his vital signs remain stable
B. immobilize his spine and perform a focused secondary exam
The lower jawbone is called the: A. zygoma B. mandible C. maxillae D. mastoid
B. mandible
The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash - type injures when the:
A. air bag correctly deploys upon impact
B. headrest is appropriately positioned
C. Patient tenses up at the time of impact
D. rear end of the vehicle is initially struck.
B. headrest is appropriately positioned
Splinting an extremity when when there is no fracture can help to:
A. reduce pain
B. minimize damage to an already injured extremity
C. make it easier to move the patient
D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
A short backboard or vest style immobilization device is indicated for patients who:
A. Are sitting in their car and are clinically unstable
B. are found supine and have stable vital signs
C. are in a sitting position and are clinically stable
D. require prompt extrication from an automobile
C. are in a sitting position and are clinically stable
A(n) ___ occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body for a long period of time.
A. contusion
B. avulson
C. Crushing injury
D. hemotoma
C. Crushing injury
If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:
A. rapidly assess only the survivors who have experienced obvious trauma
B. Allow the survivors to refuse transport if they have no obvious injuries
C. suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma
D. transport the survivors only if they have injuries or complain of pain
C. suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma
The cricoid cartilage:
A. is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea.
B. lies superior to the thyroid cartilage in the neck
C. is easier to see and palpated than the thyroid cartilage
D. lies superior to the cricthyroid membrane in the neck
A. is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea.
The most common and serious complication of a significant head injury is:
A. cerebral edema
B. A hypoxia
C. A skill fracture
D. Acute hypotension
A. a cerebral edema
A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would most likely experience an accompanying fracture of the:
A. coccygeal spine
B. symphysis pubis
C. lumbar spine
D. thoracic spine
C. lumbar spine
When worn properly, a seatbelt would lie:
A. across the abdominal wall at the level of the umbilicus and against the hip joints
B. below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints
C. across the abdominal wall at the level of the diaphragm and below the hip joints
D. above the anterior posterior iliac spines of the pelvis and below the hip joints
B. below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints
