Transplacental Infections Flashcards
Transmission through cat feces or digestion of undercooked meat
Toxoplasmosis gondii
Triad of Toxoplasmosis gondii
chorioretinitis
intracranial (cerebral) calcifications
hydrocephalus
Spread by respiratory secretions, stool, urine and cervical secretions’
Earlier infection carries a higher incidence of congenital defects and greater effects on fetus
Rubella
Manifestations of Rubella
IUGR mental retardation "blueberry muffin" rash cataracts microphthalmos retinopathy CHD - PDA sensorineural deafness speech and language delay
MC congenital infection
transmitted through secretions
penetrates placental and BBB
teratogenic potential in the fetus during 1st trimester
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
leading cause of deafness
Triad of congenital CMV
chorioretinitis
microcephaly
periventricular calcifications
Gold standard of diagnosis for CMV
urine or saliva culture obtained before 3 weeks of age
Most are d.t. HSV-2
acquired intrauterine, intrapartum or postnatal
Herpes simplex
Manifestations of Herpes simplex
3 PATTERNS
localized to the skin, eyes or mouth
encephalitis w/ or w/o skin, eyes and mouth disease
disseminated infection involving multiple organs
Develops when mother is exposed during the 1st half of pregnancy (8th-20th week)
virus spreads to all fetal organs hematogenously
Varicella (Fetal Varicella Syndrome)
Manifestations of Varicella (Fetal Varicella Syndrome)
cicatricial scars and skin loss
CNS: microcephaly, seizures, encephalitis, cortical and spinal cord atrophy, mental retardation, cerebral calcifications
Ocular: microphthalmia, chorioretinitis, cataracts, optic atrophy, nystagmus, Horner syndrome - ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis)
limb hypoplasia
prematurity and IUGR
MCC of sexually transmitted genital infections
causes conjunctivitis and pneumonia
Chlamydia trachomatis
Manifestations of Chlamydia trachomatis infection
CONJUNCTIVITIS - discharge, redness, swelling, corneal opacification, chemosis, pseudomembrane formation
TRACHOMA - chronic follicular keratoconjunctivitis
PNEUMONIA - presents 3-11 weeks of life
paroxysmal staccato cough
transmitted via contact w/ cervical canal during delivery or w/ contaminated amniotic fluid
con-infection w/ Chlamydia - common
Neisseria gonorrhea
Manifestations of Neisseria gonorrhea infection
ophthalmia neonatorum gonococcal arthritis - knees and ankles amniotic fluid syndrome sepsis and meningitis scalp abscess
