Mumps, Leptospirosis, Dengue

Question 1

RNA virus (Paramyxoviridae)

PAINFUL enlargement of the parotid gland

IP - 16-18 days

Communicability - 1-2 days before onset of parotid swelling until 5 days after the onset of swelling

Answer 1

MUMPS

Question 2

Distinct features of mumps

Answer 2

pain and swelling in one or both parotid glands

swollen glands push the ear lobe upward and outward and the angle of mandible is no longer visible

Question 3

Alarming Manifestations of Mumps

Answer 3

Edema of homolateral pharynx and soft palate

Acute edema of the larynx

Edema over the manubrium and upper chest wall

Question 4

Complications of Mumps

Answer 4

Meningoencephalitis - MOST FREQUENT

Orchitis and Epididymitis

Oophoritis

Pancreatitis

Arthritis

Question 5

Incubation period of Leptospirosis

Answer 5

7-12 days

Question 6

Clinical Manifestations of Leptospirosis

Answer 6

Anicteric leptospirosis

Icteric (Weil syndrome)

Question 7

Initial or septicemic phase
abrupt with fever, chills, severe headache, malaise, nausea, vomiting

CONJUNCTIVAL SUFFUSION with PHOTOPHOBIA and ORBITAL PAIN

truncal red maculopapular rash

Answer 7

ANICTERIC LEPTOSPIROSIS

Question 8

Severe form of leptospirosis

hemorrhage and cardiovascular collapse

RUQ pain, hepatomegaly, increased liver enzymes, hyperbilirubinemia

AZOTEMIA – OLIGURIA – ANURIA

Answer 8

Icteric (Weil) Syndrome

Question 9

Treatment for Leptospirosis

Answer 9

Penicillin or Tetracycline

Question 10

4 serotypes from the family Flaviridae

Aedes aegypti

IP - 4-6 days

Answer 10

DENGUE FEVER

Question 11

Probable Dengue Fever (Without Warning Signs)

Answer 11

Lives in/travels to endemic areas

FEVER and 2 of the ff:

nausea,vomiting
rash
headache
body malaise
myalgia
arthralgia
retroorbital pain
anorexia
diarrhea
flushed skin
(+) tourniquet test

AND

Lab test (CBC) – LEUKOPENIA with or without THROMBOCYTOPENIA

AND/OR

Dengue NS1 antigen test ot Dengue IgM antibody test

Question 12

Dengue with Warning Signs

Answer 12

abdominal pain or tenderness
persistent vomiting
clinical fluid accumulation
mucosal bleeding
lethargy, restlessness
liver enlargement > 2 cms
decreased or no urine w/n 6 hrs

LAB - INCREASE HCT WITH DECREASE IN PLATELET

Question 13

Severe Dengue

Answer 13

Lives in or travels to an endemic area with fever 2-7 days and any of the clinical manifestation for dengue with or without warning signs PLUS ANY of the ff

SEVERE PLASMA LEAKAGE
shock (DSS)
fluid accumulation with respiratory distress

SEVERE BLEEDING
as evaluated by clinician

SEVERE ORGAN INVOLVEMENT
liver: AST or ALT > 1000
CNS: impaired consciousness
heart and other organs