CNS Infections Flashcards
Prefrontal headache
High fever
Disturbance in smell
Swimming in warm water
Naegleria fowleri (brain eating amoeba)
Bell’s palsy
systemic disease
cutaneous lesions
carditis
Borrelia burgdorferi
Ascending paralysis
History of GIT infection
Campylobacter jejuni
Ascending paralysis
History of respiratory infection
Haemophilus influenzae type B
Lethargy and irritability
History of viral infection
Chicken pox
Aspirin use
Reye syndrome
Ocular nerve palsies
Previous history of TB
Active tuberculosis
TB meningitis
Infections of GUT, conjunctiva, pharynx, CNS, heart, skin, adrenals
ACUTE ONSET OF FEVER
RAPID DETERIORATION OF SENSORIUM
PROGRESSION OF RASH
petechiae – purpura – ecchymosis
Meningococcemia
DOC for Meningococcemia
PENICILLIN G 250 000 - 300 000 U/kg/day IV in 4-6 divided doses (5-7 days)
CEFTRIAXONE IM or IV (100 mg/kg/day OD or BID) or
CEFOTAXIME IM or IV (200-300 mg/kg/day q6 or 8 hrs)
Alternative Therapy for Meningococcemia
Chloramphenicol
Ciprofloxacin
Meropenem
Who are considered exposed (meningococcemia)
household, school or day care contacts during the 7 days before onset of the illness
medical personnel with intimate exposure (intubate, suctioning, mouth to mouth resuscitation)
Prophylaxis of Meningococcemia
CHILDREN
Rifampicin
Ceftriaxone
ADULT
Ciprofloxacin - 500 mg PO single dose
<2 mos
Sepsis, seizure, irritability, lethargy, bulging of fontanelles, rigidity
Gram (-) bacteria/GBS
< 5 y/o
headache, fever, confusion,
lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting
no mention of proper vaccination
Hib
headache, fever, confusion,
lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting
properly vaccinated child
abrupt in onset
toxic looking with rashes all over
Meningococcemia
young adult
headache, fever, confusion,
lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting
Pneumococcus
