Surgical Conditions in Newborn

Question 1

MC congenital anomaly of the esophagus

frothing, bubbling at the mouth and nose, cough, cyanosis, respiratory distress

Answer 1

ESOPHAGEAL ATRESUA

90% have TEF

TYPE C - MC type
*upper esophagus ends in a blind pouch and TEF is connected to the distal esophagus

Question 2

Management of TEF

Answer 2

surgical ligation of TEF and primary end to end anastomosis of the esophagus

Question 3

Newborn
tachypnea, grunting, (+) cyanosis 2nd hour of life
(+) scaphoid abdomen
(+) decreased breath sounds bilaterally

Answer 3

BOCHDALEK (posterior;left)

Question 4

MC type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 4

Bochdalek

Question 5

MC life threatening emergency of the GIT in neonates

PREMATURITY, FORMULA MILK, ISCHEMIA, BACTERIAL COLONIZATION

Answer 5

Necrotizing Enterocolitis
*distal ileum and proximal colon

coagulation necrosis

PNEUMATOSIS INTESTINALIS- air in the bowel; NOT pathognomonic

Question 6

TRIAD of NEC

Answer 6

Intestinal ischemia (GIT of toxic neonates are ischemic)

Enteral nutrition (serves as substrate for organism)

Pathologic organisms ( Clostridium, E. coli, Klebsiella)

Question 7

(+) SAC
BELOW the umbilicus
60% associated defects
normal bowel
normal alimentation

Answer 7

OMPHALOCELE