transcripltion and translation/ protein synthesis

Question 1

what is a triplet code?

Answer 1

the 3 bases that code for an amino acid

Question 2

what is a gene?

Answer 2

a specific sequence of DNA bases, which code for particular, protein or functional RNA

Question 3

What is a general summary of transcription?

Answer 3

The process of a gene being copied by mRNA and transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through the nuclear envelope

Question 4

what is a general summary of translation?

Answer 4

Translation is when a gene is attached to a ribosome and joined with other amino acids brought to it by tRNA to form a new protein

Question 5

what is the coding and non-coding region of TNA called?

Answer 5

• coding: exon
• noncoding: axon

Question 6

what is the codon on for mRNA?

Answer 6

A,U,G

Question 7

What is the anti codon for tRNA?

Answer 7

U,A,C

Question 8

What are the six stages of transcription?

Answer 8

1. The double helix of DNA is partially and twisted by gurase
2. The hydrogen bonds are than broken by Helices causing the untwisted section to unzip
3. after this, because you’re left with a coding strand and a template strand.
4. RNA nucleotides bide onto DNA bases to form a poly nucleotide strand and this is known as mRNA
5. mRNA detaches via RNA polymerase and once detached the DNA completely re-twists into a double helix
6. The mRNA is now officially a copy of a gene and leaves the nucleoplasm through the nuclear envelope to move into the cytoplasm to find a ribosome

Question 9

describe the five stages of translation:

Answer 9

1. MRNA binds on to A/T/S ribosomes, which are wrapped outside the rough ER
2. The code on tomorrow of mRNA binds to the complimentary anti codon of tRNA.
3. The neighbouring amino acids water mRNA by tRNA form peptide bonds, making a polypeptide chain
4. When is the chain is complete it disconnects and go through the four stages of protein structure.
5. Once the 3-D structure is complete you are left with a finished protein