lipids

Question 1

are lipids polymers?

Answer 1

no lipids are macromolecules made of glycerol and fatty acids

Question 2

what are the 2 types of hydrocarbon that can be found in a fatty acid?

Answer 2

saturated: single bonds,compacted,solid, high MP
unsaturated: one or more double bond, not compact, soft or liquid and low MP as they have few hydrogen bonds

Question 3

what groups make up a fatty acid?

Answer 3

• carboxylic acid/COOH
• hydrocarbon/ CH
• methyl group/ CH3

Question 4

what molecule make up glycerol?

Answer 4

• hydrogen atom
• carbon atom
• hydroxyl group/ OH

Question 5

what is a triglyceride made of?

Answer 5

• made of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 6

what is a monoglyceride made of ?

Answer 6

• ## 1 glyceride and 1 fatty acid

Question 7

what is a diglyceride made of ?

Answer 7

• 1 glycerol
• 2 fatty acids

Question 8

how are lipids bonded and broken?

Answer 8

bonded through condensationreactions (the OH group of a glycerol is bonded to the OH of a carboxy group of a fatty acid) and broken via hydrolysis

Question 9

what is the test for lipids?

Answer 9

emulsion test where u combine a food sample with ethanol and if lipids are present it goes milky white/cloudy

Question 10

what are the 5 main functions of triglycerides in the body?

Answer 10

• energy source: broken down during respiration to release ATP
• energy store: due to there high count of H atoms they release more energy per gram than carbs
• insulation: around nerves cells
• buoyancy: less dense than water
• protection: around delicate and vital organs

Question 12

why are fat’s macromolecules not polymers?

Answer 12

fatty acids join to a glycerol not each other and lipids are not held together by covalent bonds