kidney

Question 1

what is osmoregulation?

Answer 1

they underlining function of the kidneys and an example of homeostasis, It the controlling of the water potential of blood and tissue

Question 2

how does osmoregulation work?

Answer 2

osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect water potential and send signals to the kidneys via the blood using the hormone ADH

Question 3

what is the bodies repsonse to low water potential?

Answer 3

1. detected by receptors in hypothalamus
2. sends impulses to pituartry glands to release MORE ADH
3. ADH travels to kidneys via blood
4. Kidneys reabsorbs MORE WATER (urine is more concentrated)

Question 4

what is the bodies respones to high water potential?

Answer 4

1. detected by osmoreceptors in hypathalmus
2. send impluse to pituataryglad to release LESS ADH
3. ADH travels to kidneys
4. LESS WATER is reabsored (urine is less concentrated)

Question 5

what is the main purpose of the kidney?

Answer 5

to maintain and bring internal conditions back to ‘normal’

Question 6

how does ADH work?

Answer 6

it changes how permeable the collecting duct is

Question 7

what occurs in the first stage of urine formation?

Answer 7

• unltrafiltration:
  1. all small molecules are absored from blood into the nephron; this requires high pressure and a filter

Question 8

what happens in the second stage of urine formation?

Answer 8

• reabsobtion:
  1. the proximal convluent tube reabsorbs glucose via active transport using proteins
  2. the loop of henle then reabsorbs amino acids and water via osmosis and facilitated diffusion

Question 9

what are 3 adaptations of the nephron?

Answer 9

1. surrounded by a capilarie network which increaes movement acroos membranes
2. globerulus
3. collecting duct

Question 10

what makes us a nephron (in order)?

Answer 10

• globerulus
• bowman’s capsule
• proximal convoluted tuble
• loop of henle
• distal convoluted tuble
• collecting duct

Question 11

what is the structure of the kidney from the inside out?

Answer 11

• pelivis
• medulla
• cortex
• capsule

Question 12

where are nephrons found?

Answer 12

in the renal cotex

Question 13

how does the kidney attach to the bladder?

Answer 13

the ureter

Question 14

order of components from kidney to urethra?

Answer 14

• kidneys
• ureter
• bladder
• sphincter
• urethra

Question 15

what is the function of the collecting duct?

Answer 15

to send material down to the ureter