enzymes

Question 1

What are enzymes?

Answer 1

Enzymes are biological catalyst speed up reactions without getting used up

Question 2

What do you type of reactions are enzymes involved in?

Answer 2

Anabolic and catabolic

Question 3

What is an anabolic reaction?

Answer 3

The joining of two molecules to make a larger molecule

Question 4

What is a catabolic reaction?

Answer 4

The breaking down of a molecule into smaller pieces

Question 5

what type of protein is an enzyme?

Answer 5

Globular

Question 6

how is each enzyme specific, and when it is determined?

Answer 6

each enzyme has a very specific 3-D structure which is determined during the tertiary structure stage. This structure determines an enzymes active site and becomes of this specification each enzyme can only bind onto one specific substrate.

Question 7

what four factors affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 7

• temperature (plateaus when enzymes, denature)
• pH (plateaus, when active site becomes deformed)
• Substrate concentration (plateaus, when every active site is full
• Enzyme concentration (only plateaus if the substrate runs)

Question 8

describe the stages that occur when an enzymes is performing a catabolic reaction:

Answer 8

1. Substrate binds to an enzymes active site.
2. This creates an enzyme substrate complex.
3. The enzyme that breaks the substrate into two products, and this one is an enzyme product complex.
4. The enzyme, then release is the now broken product.
5. The enzyme is left, unchanged and ready to be reused.

Question 9

what are the two types of enzyme action models?

Answer 9

• Induced fit model: describes the enzymes active site to be flexible and mould to the substrate
• Lock and key model: describes the enzymes active site to be rigid and fit perfectly to the substrate

Question 10

what is activation energy?

Answer 10

Its the energy needed to start a reaction

Question 11

what are enzymes do to the activation energy and why?

Answer 11

Enzo’s reduce the activation energy so conditions don’t need to be at such high temperatures for reactions to work efficiently allowing the bodies temperature to stay at 37°

Question 12

what are inhibitors and what are the two types?

Answer 12

• Inhibitors are things that stop enzymes from working
  -Competitive inhibitors: stop the active site from binding to the substrate, bind into it themselves
• Noncompetitive inhibitors: find to a part of the enzyme altering the shape of the active site to the substrate can’t bind