Aerobic respiration

Question 1

what is aerobic respiration?

Answer 1

It is the breaking down of glucose to release energy in the form of ATP

Question 2

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 2

adenosine triphosphate

Question 3

what is ATP made out of?

Answer 3

its similar to a nucleotides structure: made with the sugar ribose the base adenine and three phosphates

Question 4

what is ADP and how is it structurally different to ATP?

Answer 4

Adenosine diphosphate
It has one less phosphate

Question 5

What is the difference in purpose between ATP and ADP?

Answer 5

ATP is stored in ADP is released

Question 6

how does ATP become ADP and vice versa?

Answer 6

hydrolysis turns ATP into ADP, releasing one phosphate this can be reversed with a condensation reaction

Question 7

What are the four stages of respiration?

Answer 7

-glycolysis
- Link reaction
- Kerb cycle
- Oxidation phosphorylation

Question 8

What happens in glycolysis?

Answer 8

1. two ATP donate a phosphate to glucose
2. this produces a phosphorylated glucose and two ADP
3. the glucose is now unstable so slips into 2 trios phosphates
4. then loses the phosphate and oxidises NAD making rNAD and a pyruvate

Question 9

what is NAD and rNAD?

Answer 9

• NAD is a hydrogen carrier. Its job is to carry in transport hydrogen from the first three stages to the fourth stage.
• if NAD is reduced (rNAD) it means it’s carrying hydrogen and if it’s oxidised it means it’s not

Question 10

What happens in the link reaction?

Answer 10

1. pyruvate are oxidised, dehydrogenated and decarboxylated to for an acetate
2. CoA is added to the acetate to form acetyl CoA

Question 11

Does the link reaction produce any ATP?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What is produced in the Krebs cycle?

Answer 12

• 3 rNADs (every time a carbon dioxide is lost. NAD turns into rNAD)
• 1FAD (happens when 5C turns into 4c)
• 1 ATP (happens when 5C turns into 4C)

Question 13

what happens in the kreb cycle?