Tissues Flashcards
How is a tissue formed?
A collection of cells containing a predominant cell type that work together and perform the same function form a tissue.
Name the four primary tissues.
Epitherial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue.
Describe the structure of epitherial tissue.
Cell rich.
Cells bound tightl together.
List some of the functions of epitherial tissues.
Protection
Absorbtion
Diffusion
Forms glands
Describe the structure of connetive tissue.
Few cells.
Far apart from each other.
Spaces filled w fibres + ground substance + fluid = ?
Extracellular matrix
Function of connective tissue
Connects and supports
Describe the structure of muscle cells.
Elongated thin cells.
Cytoplasm packedw contracile apparatus.
Function of muscle tissue.
Shortens lengths by closing down spaces.
Name the three type of muscle lol for the fun of it
Smooth, skeletal, cardiac.
Describe the structure of nervous tissue
Angular shaped neurons w prominent nucloli and commuinication processes.
Surrounding small support cells (satellites).
Function of nerve tissue
Receives, generates and transmits electrical signals.
Integrates info.
Name the types of epithelium tissues in which their classification depends on shape of surface layer of the cell.
Squamous, cuboidal, columnar.
Name the types of epithelium tissues in which their classification depends on the number of layers.
Simple, stratified.
Name the types of epithelium tissues in which their classification depends on the cell surface specialisation.
Cilia, villi, microvilli, keratin.
What s the function of simple epithelium tissue?
Forms the lining of the body cavities, blood and lymph vessels, ducts, heart and lungs.
Simple epithelium has thin layers. Why is this beneficial?
Faster absorbtion, secretion and filtration.
What is the function of stratified epithelium?
Protective. Withstands abrasion.
What is the structure and function of junctional complexes?
Junctions between epitherial cells and helps to keep them close together. They stop molecules and fluid from getting in between the cells.
Involved in cell signalling.
What is the role of cilia and whereabouts in the body do you find them?
Movement of particles.
Respiritory system.
What is the role of microvilli and whereabouts in the body do you find them?
Increase surface area for absorption.
Gut.
Name the three types of connective tissue.
Loose CT
Dense CT
Specialised CT.
Name the two types of loose CT.
Areolar, adipose.
Name the two types of dense CT.
Dense regular and dense irregular.
Name the three types of specialised tissue.
Cartilage, bone, blood.
Describe the structure, location and function of loose areolar CT.
Aggregatio of lossely arranged fibres and many cells of differing types.
Primary location is beneath the epithelia that covers surfaces or line tubes/cavities.
Initial site of defence against bacteria
Describe the structure and function of adipose CT.
Snle, large droplet of lipid pushes the nucleus to one side and flattens cytoplasm to a thin rim.
Isulation and around organs for protection.
Name the connective tissue fibres.
Collagen, elastic, reticular.
Name the fixed cells in connective tissues.
Fibroblass
Macrophages
Andipocytes
Mast cells
Undifferentiated cells
Name the transient cell type in connective tissues.
White blood cells.
Describe skeletal muscle.
Striated, highly ordered arrangement of contracile proteins.
Attaches to heart voluntarily.
Describe cardiac muscle.
Striated, branched. Less ordered.
Found in heart involuntarily.
Describe smooth muscle.
Non-striated. Randomly ordered arrangement of contracile proteins.
Found in organs involuntarily.
Name the four regions of a neuron.
Cell body (soma)
Dendrites
Axon
Terminals
What are glands?
Collections of secretory epitherial cells.
Glands can be multicellular or unicellular.
Where do endocrine glands secrete into?
Blood
Where do exocrine glands secrete into?
Lumen of tubes.
Do endocrine and exocrine glands remin in contact with the epithelium?
Endocrine- loses contact
Exocrine- remains in contact using ducts.
Name the two types of secretion of exocrine glands.
Mucous and serous.
Describe mucous secreting glands.
(think in terms of colour of staining, shape, examples, etc).
Pale staining.
Peripheral flattened nuclei
Rich in proteoglycans.
Example=mucous galnds of trachea.
Describe the serous secretory glands.
(thinks in terms of staining, shape, examples, etc).
Dark staining
Watery
Protein-rich
Rounded w a more central nuclei
Example= exocrine part of pancreas.
What do myopithelial cells help in doing?/
Expelling secretion from the lumen of gland secretory units.
What organ has both endocrine and exocrine glands?
Pancreas
What are adipose tissues?
A fatty tissue which is a connective tissue
What do adipose tissues do?
Energy storing cells.
What is simple epithelium?
Single layer of cells
What is stratified epithelium?
Several layers of cells
What are cuboidal cells like?
Medium height and width
What are columnar cells like?
Tall height
