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Year 1- Anatomy > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

How is a tissue formed?

A

A collection of cells containing a predominant cell type that work together and perform the same function form a tissue.

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2
Q

Name the four primary tissues.

A

Epitherial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue.

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3
Q

Describe the structure of epitherial tissue.

A

Cell rich.
Cells bound tightl together.

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4
Q

List some of the functions of epitherial tissues.

A

Protection
Absorbtion
Diffusion
Forms glands

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5
Q

Describe the structure of connetive tissue.

A

Few cells.
Far apart from each other.

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6
Q

Spaces filled w fibres + ground substance + fluid = ?

A

Extracellular matrix

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7
Q

Function of connective tissue

A

Connects and supports

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8
Q

Describe the structure of muscle cells.

A

Elongated thin cells.
Cytoplasm packedw contracile apparatus.

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9
Q

Function of muscle tissue.

A

Shortens lengths by closing down spaces.

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10
Q

Name the three type of muscle lol for the fun of it

A

Smooth, skeletal, cardiac.

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11
Q

Describe the structure of nervous tissue

A

Angular shaped neurons w prominent nucloli and commuinication processes.
Surrounding small support cells (satellites).

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12
Q

Function of nerve tissue

A

Receives, generates and transmits electrical signals.
Integrates info.

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13
Q

Name the types of epithelium tissues in which their classification depends on shape of surface layer of the cell.

A

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar.

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14
Q

Name the types of epithelium tissues in which their classification depends on the number of layers.

A

Simple, stratified.

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15
Q

Name the types of epithelium tissues in which their classification depends on the cell surface specialisation.

A

Cilia, villi, microvilli, keratin.

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16
Q

What s the function of simple epithelium tissue?

A

Forms the lining of the body cavities, blood and lymph vessels, ducts, heart and lungs.

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17
Q

Simple epithelium has thin layers. Why is this beneficial?

A

Faster absorbtion, secretion and filtration.

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18
Q

What is the function of stratified epithelium?

A

Protective. Withstands abrasion.

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19
Q

What is the structure and function of junctional complexes?

A

Junctions between epitherial cells and helps to keep them close together. They stop molecules and fluid from getting in between the cells.
Involved in cell signalling.

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20
Q

What is the role of cilia and whereabouts in the body do you find them?

A

Movement of particles.
Respiritory system.

21
Q

What is the role of microvilli and whereabouts in the body do you find them?

A

Increase surface area for absorption.
Gut.

22
Q

Name the three types of connective tissue.

A

Loose CT
Dense CT
Specialised CT.

23
Q

Name the two types of loose CT.

A

Areolar, adipose.

24
Q

Name the two types of dense CT.

A

Dense regular and dense irregular.

25
Q

Name the three types of specialised tissue.

A

Cartilage, bone, blood.

26
Q

Describe the structure, location and function of loose areolar CT.

A

Aggregatio of lossely arranged fibres and many cells of differing types.

Primary location is beneath the epithelia that covers surfaces or line tubes/cavities.

Initial site of defence against bacteria

27
Q

Describe the structure and function of adipose CT.

A

Snle, large droplet of lipid pushes the nucleus to one side and flattens cytoplasm to a thin rim.

Isulation and around organs for protection.

28
Q

Name the connective tissue fibres.

A

Collagen, elastic, reticular.

29
Q

Name the fixed cells in connective tissues.

A

Fibroblass
Macrophages
Andipocytes
Mast cells
Undifferentiated cells

30
Q

Name the transient cell type in connective tissues.

A

White blood cells.

31
Q

Describe skeletal muscle.

A

Striated, highly ordered arrangement of contracile proteins.

Attaches to heart voluntarily.

32
Q

Describe cardiac muscle.

A

Striated, branched. Less ordered.

Found in heart involuntarily.

33
Q

Describe smooth muscle.

A

Non-striated. Randomly ordered arrangement of contracile proteins.

Found in organs involuntarily.

34
Q

Name the four regions of a neuron.

A

Cell body (soma)
Dendrites
Axon
Terminals

35
Q

What are glands?

A

Collections of secretory epitherial cells.
Glands can be multicellular or unicellular.

36
Q

Where do endocrine glands secrete into?

A

Blood

37
Q

Where do exocrine glands secrete into?

A

Lumen of tubes.

38
Q

Do endocrine and exocrine glands remin in contact with the epithelium?

A

Endocrine- loses contact
Exocrine- remains in contact using ducts.

39
Q

Name the two types of secretion of exocrine glands.

A

Mucous and serous.

40
Q

Describe mucous secreting glands.

(think in terms of colour of staining, shape, examples, etc).

A

Pale staining.
Peripheral flattened nuclei
Rich in proteoglycans.
Example=mucous galnds of trachea.

41
Q

Describe the serous secretory glands.

(thinks in terms of staining, shape, examples, etc).

A

Dark staining
Watery
Protein-rich
Rounded w a more central nuclei
Example= exocrine part of pancreas.

42
Q

What do myopithelial cells help in doing?/

A

Expelling secretion from the lumen of gland secretory units.

43
Q

What organ has both endocrine and exocrine glands?

A

Pancreas

44
Q

What are adipose tissues?

A

A fatty tissue which is a connective tissue

45
Q

What do adipose tissues do?

A

Energy storing cells.

46
Q

What is simple epithelium?

A

Single layer of cells

47
Q

What is stratified epithelium?

A

Several layers of cells

48
Q

What are cuboidal cells like?

A

Medium height and width

49
Q

What are columnar cells like?

A

Tall height

Year 1- Anatomy (30 decks)

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