CVS Embryology 1 Flashcards
Why is the CVS the first major system to form?
Nutrition via diffusion is not enough for growing embryo
What happens first in the development of the CVS?
Blood vessels form
Where do blood vessels first form?
Cardiogenic field
What makes up the cardiogenic field?
Yolk sac
Allantois
Connecting stalk
Chorion
What do blood vessels in the lateral plate splanchnic mesoderm form?
Two heart tubes
What forms parietal layer of serous of pericardium?
Somatic layer of the mesoderm
What forms the visceral layer of pericardium?
Splanchnic layer of mesoderm
What forms the fibrous layer of the pericardium?
Somatic layer of mesoderm
Where does the pleural cavity form from?
Intra-embryotic coelom
Wat is the name of the loop created by the heart tubes when they loop?
Bulboventricular loop
What happens if the heart loops to the left rather than the right side?
Dextrocardia
Name the most frequent positional abnormality of the heart
Dextrocardia
What separates right atrium + ventricle from left atrium + ventricle to form L & R AV canals?
Endocardial cushion
What is the role of the foramen ovale before birth?
Allows most of the blood to pass from the right atrium to the left atrium as lungs are not functioning
What is the role of the foramen ovale after birth?
Normally closes
What does the aorticopulmonary septum divide?
Bulbis cordis and truncus arteriosus
What does the division of the bulbis cordis and truncus arteriosus by the aorticopulmonary septum produce?
Aorta
Pulmonary trunk
What does the foramen ovale become in adults?
Fossa ovalis
What is the most common congenital heart disease?
Ventricular Septal Defect
Where is the septum does ventricular septum defect occur?
Anywhere in the septum
What happens to small ventricular septum defects?
They close spontaneously
Which type of VSD is the most common?
Membranous type
In which week are the aorta and pulmonary trunk created by the aorticopulmonary septum dividing bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus?
Week 5
What can the transposition of great vessels cause in babies?
Cyanotic disease
What can cause transposition of the great vessels?
1) Failure of aorticopulmonary septum to take a spiral course
2) Defective migration of neural crest cells to heart
Which valve structures develop from the ventricular wall?
Thecusps,chordae tendineae and papillary muscles
Where are the semilunar valves formed from?
Subendocardial valve tissue.
What are the early pacemakers of the heart called?
Cardiomyocytes
When does the SA node develop?
Week 5
What can cause cot death?
Abnormalities in conducting tissue
What is formed by the aortic sac?
Aortic arches
What is formed by the bulbus cordis?
RV
Parts of the outflow tracts
What is formed by the primitive ventricle?
LV
What is formed by the primitive atria?
Parts of RA and LA
