Bone and Joints extra Flashcards
What is the name of the skull and describe the structure.
Made up of 22 bones.
Flat bones fused together
Protection.
Talk about the collarbone.
Clavicle.
Makes up the shoulder girdle w the scapula.
Talk about the breast bone.
Sternum.
Ribs insert/join w cartilage.
Name the bone which runs down the centre of the body.
Vertebral column/spine.
Name the bone in the arm.
Humerous
Name the cube like short bones in the hand.
Carpals
Name the bones between the carpals and the fingers.
Metacarpals.
Name the bones in the fingers.
Phalanges
Name the two bones in the lower arm.
How can you differentiate the two?
Radius and ulna.
Radius ends on the thumb side.
What is the function of the group of bones known as the pelvis?
Protection for reproductive organs.
What is the longest and strongest bone in the body?
Femur, found in the upper leg.
What is the proper name for kneecaps?
Patella (lots of tendons)
Name the two main bones in the lower leg.
How can you tell them apart?
Tibia and fibula.
Can tell apart as tibia is larger and thicker which carries most of the weight of the body.
Fibula supports tibia.
Name the bones of the ankle.
Tarsals.
The bones next to tarsals in the feet are called?
Metatarsals.
Name the bones in the toes.
Phalanges.
How many bones are in the skeleton?
206
Name the bones and number of these bones in the axial skeleton.
There are 80 fused bones-
Cranium (22)
Auditory ossicles (6)
Hyoid bone (1)
Vertebral column (26)
Ribs (24)
Sternum (1)
Name the bones and number of these bones in the appendicular skeleton.
There are 126 unfused bones-
Pectoral girdles (4)
Arms and forearm (6)
Hands (54)
Pelvis (2)
Thigh and leg (8)
Feet (52)
Where is the thyroid bone found?
Back of the throat.
What is the primary role of the axial skeleton bones?
Protection so limited movement.
What are the functions of the bones in the appendicular skeleton?
Allow for movement as unfused.
List the five sections of the vertebral column.
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
How many cervical bones are there in the vertebral column?
7
How many thoracic bones are there in the vertebral column?
12
How many lumbar bones are there in the vertebral column?
5
How many sacral bones are there in the vertebral column?
5 (fused)
How many coccygeal bones are there in the vertebral column?
4 (fused)
Extreme curvature of the thoracic spine can lead to?
Kyphosis
Extreme curvature of the lumbar spine can lead to…?
Lordosis
Symptoms of kyphosis.
Head bent forwards.
Bent back
Fatigue in back and legs.
Symptoms of Lordosis.
Pronounced buttocks, pain in back.
Where do you find bone marrow?
Medullary cavity
Function of limb girdles.
The limb girdles surround and support the proximal ends of the limb bones and provide a point of attachment for the appendicular skeleton to the axial skeleton.
What type of cartilage covers the end of a bone in a synovial joint?
Hyaline
Which cartilage types is found in an epiphyseal plate?
Hyaline
