CVS Embryology 2 Flashcards
Name the first arteries to appear in the embryo
Right and left primitive aortae
Name the two parts of each primitive aortae
Ventral part and dorsal part
How is the aortic sac formed?
Fusion of the 2 ventral aortae
Where do aortic branches arise from?
Aortic sac
When do the aortic arches form?
Weeks 4-5
How many pairs of aortic arches are formed?
6 pairs
In which two ways can blood vessels develop?
Angiogenesis
Vasculogenesis
What is angiogenesis?
The growth of new vessels from pre-existing blood vessels
What is vasculogenesis?
The new formation of a primitive vascular network
What happens to the 1st and 2nd aortic arches in adults?
They disappear
What happens to the 3rd aortic arch in adults?
Forms the common carotid artery
What happens to the 4th aortic arch in adults?
Forms the aortic arch
What happens to the fifth aortic arch?
It disappears
What happens to the right 6th aortic arch in adults?
Forms rightpulmonary artery
What happens to the left 6th aortic arch?
Forms leftpulmonary artery.& ductus arteriosus
What can a double aortic arch cause?
Difficulties breathing or swallowqing as can warp around the trachea/oesophagus
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) associated with?
Rubella infection
What is a cause of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?
Respiratory distress syndrome
What is coarction?
Narrowing of the aorta
Which part of the aorta is coaction most common?
Arch of aorta
What do the Vitelline vessels which supply yolk sac in the embryo become in an adult?
Gut vessels
What do the Umbilical vessels which supply placenta become in an adult?
Internal iliac vessels
What do the cardinal vessels become in an adult?
SVC
IVC
When does the lymphatic system develop?
Week 6
How many primary lymph sacs develop?
6
Describe the shunt carried out by the ductus venosus.
Shunts blood in left umbilical vein into IVC: allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver.
Describe the shunt carried out by the foramen ovale.
Shunts blood from rightatriumto left atrium: allows blood to bypass the lungs.
Describe the shunt carried out by the ductus arteriosus.
Shunts blood from right ventricle and pulmonary arteries to aorta: allows blood to bypass the lungs.
What does the ductus venosus become?
Ligamentum venosum of the liver
What does the foramen ovale become?
Fossa Ovalis
What does the ductus arteriosus become?
Ligamentum arteriosum between left pulmonary artery and aorta
What do the umbilical arteries become?
Medial umbilical ligaments of the anterior abdominal wall
