Joints

Question 1

What are joints?

Answer 1

Unions between two or more rigid components (bone or cartilage).

Question 2

What is articulation?

Answer 2

Another term for joints.

Question 3

What are joints required for?

Answer 3

Movement and growth.

Question 4

Name the three main types of joint.

Answer 4

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 5

Describe the composition of fibrous joints.

Answer 5

Dense, fibrous connective tissue. High strength. Very little movement in adults.

Question 6

What is the fibrous connective tissue of fibrous joints made of?

Answer 6

Densely packed collagen fibres.

Question 7

Example of fibrous joint-

Answer 7

Cranial sutures (skull), periodontal ligaments and interosseous membranes.

Question 8

Where are cartilaginous joints found?

Answer 8

Between bones

Question 9

Describe the function of synchondroses (primary) cartilaginous joints.

Answer 9

Allow for bone growth in children. Disappear in adults.
No movement.

Question 10

How many layers of cartilage do symphyses (secondary) cartilaginous joints have?

Answer 10

2- layer of hyaline and fibrocartilage.

Question 11

Name some features of symphyses cartilage.

Answer 11

Does not ossify w age.
Found in midline of the body.
Limited movement.

Question 12

What type of joint has the greatest movement?

Answer 12

Ball and socket

Question 13

In embryos, what do the upper limbs undergo?

Answer 13

Lateral rotation.

Question 14

In embryos, what do the lower limbs undergo?

Answer 14

Medial rotation

Question 15

In embryos, which limbs undergo the most rotation?

Answer 15

Lower limbs.

Question 16

What do joints have a rich supply of?

Answer 16

Blood abs nerves.

Question 17

Define anastomoses.

Answer 17

Reconnection of blood vessels (seen a lot around joints).

Question 18

Define proprioception.

Answer 18

Awareness of position and movement of the body.

Question 19

Give an example of a hinge joint.

Answer 19

Knee, elbow.

Question 20

Give an example of a saddle joint.

Answer 20

Thumb

Question 21

Give an example of a plane joint.

Answer 21

Joints between the metacarpal bones of the hand and those between the cuneiform bones of the foot.

Question 22

Give an example of a pivot joint.

Answer 22

Joint between the atlas and the axis which is directly under the skull.

Question 23

Give an example of Condylar
(ellipsoid) joint.

Answer 23

Wrist.

Question 24

What are periodontal ligaments?

Answer 24

a soft connective tissue between the inner wall of the alveolar socket and the roots of the teeth

Question 25

Give two examples of cartilaginous joints.

Answer 25

Epithelial plate in long bones and intervertebral and pubic synthases

Question 26

Give two examples of a synovial joint.

Answer 26

Hinge joints (elbow and knee)
Ball and socket (hip)

Question 27

Describe the structure of synovial joints.

Answer 27

A synovial joint consists of two bony surfaces that are encompassed by a fibrous capsule with a synovial lining. The joint contains synovial fluid, which allows the bony surfaces to articulate with each other.