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Anatomy > Thorax > Flashcards

Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of the thorax

A

STERNUM
RIBS
THORACIC VERTEBRAE

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2
Q

Parts of the Sternum

A

Manubrium
*Angle of Louis
Body
Xiphoid Process

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3
Q

Also called the MANUBRIOSTERNAL JOINT

A

STERNAL ANGLE (ANGLE OF LOUIS)

2nd ribs articulate w/ the sternum

aortic arch begins and ends

trachea bifurcates into R/L primary bronchi

arch of the aorta arise from the ascending aorta and continues as the descending aorta

azygous vein drains into the SVC

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4
Q

Articulates w/ the 2nd to 7th costal cartilages

Articulates w/ the xiphoid process at the XIPHISTERNAL JOINT

A

BODY OF THE STERNUM

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5
Q

Lies at the level of T10 vertebra

A

XIPHOID PROCESS

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6
Q

True ribs

A

1st - 7th

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7
Q

False ribs

connected only to costal cartilages immediately above

A

8th - 10th

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8
Q

Floating ribs

connected only to the vertebrae

A

11th - 12th

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9
Q

Typical ribs

with head, neck, tubercle, body

A

ribs 3-9

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10
Q

broadest and shortest of the true ribs

close relationship to the LOWER nerves of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS and Subclavian artery/ vein

A

1st RIB

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11
Q

Parts of ribs

A

Head
*articulation w/ the corresponding vertebral body and vertebra immediately above

Neck

Tuburcle
*articulates w/ TRANSVERSE PROCESS of vertebra

Shaft/Body

  • thin flat, curved
  • (+) COSTAL GROOVE
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12
Q

Twice as long as the 1st rib

(+) tuberosity for SERRATUS ANTERIOR

A

Rib 2

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13
Q

Single articular facet for T 10

A

Rib 10

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14
Q

Have a single articular facet

NO neck or tubercle

A

Ribs 11 and 12

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15
Q

Rib fractures commonly occur at the weakest point of the rib which is

A

anterior to the angle of the rib

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16
Q

Most commonly fractured ribs – pneumothorax and lung or spleen injury

A

Middle ribs (5th - 10th)

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17
Q

Boundaries of Thoracic outlet/ Thoracic inlet

A

POST - 1st thoracic vertebra
LAT - medial border 1st rib
ANT - manubrium sterni

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18
Q

The compression of the neurovascular structures in the thoracic outlet

pain, numbness, tingling or weakness and fatigue in the upper limb caused by pressure on the brachial plexus by the cervical rib

A

THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME

atrophy of thenar and hypothenar eminences

atrophy of interosseous muscles

sensory deficits on the medial side of forearm and hand

diminished radial artery pulse upon moving the head to the opposite side

bruit over the subclavian artery

19
Q

Muscles of the thoracic wall that DEPRESS RIBS

A

Serratus posterior inferior
Internal intercostal
Transverse thoracis

20
Q

Elevate Ribs – INSPIRATION

A

INCREASED AP, transverse and vertical diameter

21
Q

Depress Ribs – EXPIRATION

A

DECREASED AP, transverse and vertical diameter

22
Q

Elevate the ribs and play a role in INSPIRATION during exercise or lung disease

A

External intercostal muscles

23
Q

Play a role EXPIRATION during exercise or lung disease

A

Internal intercostal muscles

24
Q

Primary Respiratory Muscles (INSPIRATION)

A

Diaphragm

External intercostal muscles

25
Q

Accessory Respiratory Muscles (INSPIRATION)

A

SCM
Scalene muscle
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

26
Q

Accessory Respiratory Muscles (EXPIRATION)

A 
Internal intercostal muscles
Transverse thoracis muscles
External oblique muscle
Rectus abdominis
Internal oblique muscle
27
Q

Branch of the subclavian artery that descends just lateral to the sternum and terminates at ICS 6 by dividing into the superior epigastric a and musculophrenic a

A

INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY/INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY

pericardiophrenic
anterior intercostal
anterior perforating branches
musculophrenic
superior epigastric artery
28
Q

Branch of internal thoracic artery and musculophrenic artery

A

anterior intercostal artery

internal thoracic – anterior – ICS 1-6
musculophrenic – anterior – ICS 7 -9

29
Q

Branch of thoracic aorta

A

posterior intercostal artery

ICS 3-11

30
Q

POSTERIOR INTERCOSTAL

A

1st 2 - superior intercostal of the costocervical trunk

remaining branches - descending aorta

31
Q

ANTERIOR INTERCOSTAL

A

upper 6 - internal thoracic artery

remaining - musculophrenic artery

32
Q

During thoracentesis the needle passes through

A

EXTERNAL intercostal – INTERNAL intercostal – innermost IC — thoracic cavity

33
Q

During thoracentesis the needle is introduced into the pleural cavity into the

A

midaxillary line in the 8th ICS

34
Q

Needle passing through the entire depth of an ICS must penetrate 7 structural layers

A 
skin
superficial fascia
deep fascia
intercostal muscles
endothoracic fascia
extrapleural fatty layer
parietal pleura
35
Q

Contents of an intercostal space

A

Vein
Artery
Nerve

36
Q

Drains the anterior part of the thorax

A

anterior intercostal vein – internal thoracic vein – brachiocephalic vein

37
Q

Ventral primary rami of T1-T11 and run into the COSTAL GROOVE

A

Intercostal nerve

38
Q

Ventral primary ramus of T12

A

Subcostal nerve

39
Q

Placed along the INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY

Drain into the junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins

A

Sternal or Parasternal (Internal Thoracic) Nodes

40
Q

Lie near the heads of the ribs

Receive lymph from ICS and pleura

Drain into the CISTERNA CHYLII or THORACIC DUCT

A

Intercostal Nodes

41
Q

Lie on the thoracic surface of the diaphragm

Receive lymph from the pericardium, diaphragm and liver

Drain into the sternal and posterior mediastinal nodes

A

Phrenic Nodes

42
Q

Thoracic duct empties into what vein

A

Left Brachiocephalic Vein

43
Q

Drains lymph from most of the body

A

Thoracic Duct

44
Q

Drains the right side of the of the head and neck, right upper extremity, right breast and right lung

A

Right Lymphatic Duct

Anatomy (76 decks)

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