Mediastinum

Question 1

SUPERIOR Mediastinum

Answer 1

thymus (children and infants)
brachiocephalic and SVC veins, arch of the aorta and roots
trachea, esophagus
thoracic duct and lymphatic trunks

Question 2

ANTERIOR Mediastinum

Answer 2

fat
lymph nodes
internal thoracic vessels
continuation of inferior thymus

Question 3

MIDDLE Mediastinum

Answer 3

heart
ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk
SVC, termination of azygos, pulmonary veins
continuation of inferior thymus
bifurcation of trachea
lymph nodes

Question 4

POSTERIOR Mediastinum

Answer 4

esophagus
thoracic aorta, azygos, hemi-azygos veins
thoracic duct
thoracic sympathetic trunk

Question 5

Improper development of the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches

Answer 5

DIGEORGE SYNDROME

(-) thymus and parathyroid gland

Question 6

Common pathologies found in the SUPERIOR Mediastinum

Answer 6

aortic arch aneurysm
esophageal perforation
traumatic rupture of the trachea

Question 7

Common pathologies found in the ANTERIOR Mediastinum

Answer 7

thymoma associated with Myasthenia gravis and RBC aplasia
thyroid mass
germinal cell neoplasm
lymphomas

Question 8

Common pathologies found in the MIDDLE Mediastinum

Answer 8

pericardial cysts
bronchiogenic cysts
sarcoidosis

Question 9

Common pathologies found in the POSTERIOR Mediastinum

Answer 9

ganglioneuromas
neuroblastomas
esophageal diverticula
neoplasms