Male and Female Genital Organs Flashcards by Jamaira Belmes

Paired, ovoid organs responsible for the production of spermatozoa and testosterone

TESTES

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Outer, fibrous capsule of the testis

Tunica albuginea

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Lies posterior to the testis and has a head body and tail

20 ft (6 m)

Epididymis

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Arterial supply of the testes

abdominal aorta –> TESTICULAR ARTERY

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Venous supply of the testes

R testicular vein –> IVC

L testicular vein –> L renal vein

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Occurs when the testes begin to descend along the normal pathway but fail to reach the scrotum

Cryptorchidism

usually found in the INGUINAL CANAL or abdominal cavity near the deep inguinal ring

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Occurs when a small patency of the processus vaginalis remains so that peritoneal fluid can flow into tunica vaginalis surrounding the testes

Hydrocele of the Testes

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Abnormal dilatation of the pampiniform plexus and testicular vein

Palpable “bag of worms” scrotal swelling

often occur on the LEFT side

Varicocele

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The rotation of the testes about the spermatic cord usually toward the penis (medial rotation)

“bell clapper deformity”

Medical emergency since compression of the testicular vessels results in ischemic necrosis w/n 6 hrs

Torsion

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Thick walled muscular tube that transports spermatozoa from the epididymis to urethra

18 in (45 cm) long

Vas Deferens

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Distal end of the ductus deferens enlarge to form the

Ampulla

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Ampulla + Seminal Vesicles

Ejaculatory duct

passes through the prostate gland and opens into the prostate urethra at SEMINAL COLLICULUS of the urethral crest

(-) smooth muscle – does NOT contribute to the force for emission

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Highly coiled tubular diverticula that originate as evaginations of the ductus deferens distal to the ampulla

2 lobulated organs lying on the posterior surface of the bladder

Seminal vesicles

fructose, choline, proteins, amino acids, ascorbic acid, citric acid and prostaglandins

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Located in the deep perineal space embedded in the skeletal muscles of the urogenital diaphragm and adjacent to the membranous urethrae

open into the penile urethra

Bulbourethral Glands of Cowper

BU fluid - clear, mucus-like slipper fluid – galactose, galactosamine, galacturonic acid, sialic acid, methylpentose

makes up a major portion of the PRESEMINAL fluid

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Pathway of sperm during ejaculation

SEVEN UP

Seminiferous tubule
Epididymis
Vas Deferens
Ejaculatory Duct
Urethra
Penis

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Fibromuscular glandular organ that surrounds the prostatic urethra

LARGEST ACCESSORY GLANS

Prostate gland

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5 lobes of prostate gland

ANTERIOR - in front of the urethra; (-) glandular tissue

MIDDLE (MEDIAN) - b/w urethra and ejaculatory ducts; BPH

POSTERIOR - behind the urethra below the ejaculatory ducts; PROSTATIC ca

R and L LATERAL - lie on either side of the urethra and form the MAIN MASS OF THE PROSTATE GLAND

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Zones of the prostate gland

PERIPHERAL - LARGEST; felt during DRE; common site of carcinomas

TRANSITION - surrounds the part of the urethra (prostatic); BPH

Central

Anterior fibromuscular stroma

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Blood supply of the Prostate gland

internal iliac artery –> INFERIOR VESICAL ARTERY

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Venous Drainage of the Prostate gland

prostatic venous plexus – internal iliac vein – IVC

prostatic venous plexus – vertebral venous plexus – cranial dural sinus

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Components of prostatic fluid

citric acid
prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP)
prostaglandins
fibrinogen
prostate specific antigen (PSA)

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Characterized by hyperplasia of the PERIURETHRAL/TRANSITIONAL ZONE which generally involves the MIDDLE LOBE

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

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Most commonly found in the PERIPHERAL ZONE which involves the POSTERIOR LOBE

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Prostatic Carcinoma

Almond shaped structures located POSTERIOR to the broad ligament

Attached to the lateral pelvic wall by the SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT OF THE OVARY which contains the ovarian artery, vein and nerve

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Ovaries

Attachment of the ovaries

Mesovarium - each ovary is attached to the back of the broad ligament Suspensory ligament - extends b/w the attachment of mesovarium and lateral wall of the pelvis *contains the OVARIAN VESSELS Round ligament - represents the remains of the upper part of the gubernaculum, connects the lateral margin of the uterus to the ovary

Blood supply of the ovaries

abdominal aorta -- OVARIAN ARTERIES internal iliac artery -- ASCENDING BRANCHES OF THE UTERINE ARTERY

Venous Drainage of the ovaries

R ovarian vein -- IVC L ovarian vein -- L renal vein

Lymph drainage of the ovaries

Paraaortic nodes at level of 1st lumbar

The lateral part of the broad ligament connecting the mesovarium to the lateral pelvic wall Contains the blood and lymphatic vessels and nerves supplying the ovaries

Suspensory ligament

The remains of the UPPER part of the gubernaculum

Round ligament of the ovary

The remains of the LOWER part of the gubernaculum

Round ligament of the uterus

Nerve supply of the ovaries

Aortic plexus

Convey fertilized and unfertilized oocytes to the uterine cavity by ciliary action and muscular contractions

FALLOPIAN TUBE infundibulum ampulla isthmus intramural

The longest and widest part of the fallopian tube Site of fertilization

AMPULLA

Hollow, pear shaped w/ thick muscular walls

UTERUS ``` fundus cornu isthmus body cervix ```

The preferred site for a surgical incision during delivery by cesarean section

ISTHMUS (uterus)

External OS in nulliparous and parous women

Nulliparous -- round | Parous -- transverse

Normal position of the uterus

Anterverted and Anteflexed

Describe the FORWARD bending of the uterus on the long axis of the vagina

Anterversion

Describe the FORWARD bending of the body of the uterus on the cervix

Anteflexion

Blood supply the the uterus

internal iliac artery --> UTERINE ARTERY abdominal aorta --> OVARIAN ARTERY

Main support of the uterus

pelvic diaphragm (levator ani and coccygeus muscles) perineal body transverse cervical (cardinal ligaments) sacrocervical ligaments

Double fold of parietal peritoneum which extends laterally from the uterus to the side wall of the pelvis

BROAD LIGAMENT mesosalpinx - supports the uterine tubes mesovarium - supports the ovary mesometrium - supports the uterus suspensory ligament of the ovary

Extends from the cervix to the vestibule of the vagina The LONGEST part of the birth canal

VAGINA

Recess around the cervix formed by the vagina

FORNIX anterior - related to the VESICOUTERINE pouch lateral posterior - related to the RECTOUTERINE pouch (of Douglas)

Layers and Contents of Scrotum

``` Skin Superficial fascia w/ DARTOS muscle External Spermatic Fascia Cremasteric muscle Internal Spermatic Fascia Tunica vaginalis ```

Blood supply of the Penis

internal pudendal artery -- DEEP ARTERY OF THE PENIS and DORSAL ARTERY OF THE PENIS

Innervation of the Penis

pudendal nerve -- DORSAL NERVE OF THE PENIS

Continuations of the superficial fascia layers of | the anterior abdominal wall

SUPERFICIAL FASCIA Superficial FATTY layer (Camper's) - continuous with the fat of the ischioanal fossae and superficial fascia of the thigh Deep MEMBRANOUS layer (Colle's)

Area between the superficial perineal fascia and perineal membrane houses the external genitalia, part of the urethra and neurovascular structures muscles here have deep fascia covering

Superficial Perineal Pouch/Space

Located deep to the superficial perineal space Extends from the PERINEAL MEMBRANE to the PELVIC DIAPHRAGM

Deep Perineal Pouch/Space

Horizontal passageway within the obturator fascia Behind sacrospinous ligament

PUDENDAL (ALCOCK) CANAL Transmits: internal pudendal artery and veins pudendal nerve the nerve to the obturator internus

The structure that serves as hallmark in doing pudendal block anesthesia through a transvaginal approach

Ischial Spine

Lobes of the Prostate Gland that can be palpated by DRE

Posterior | Latera (2)

Calcified secretions in the PROSTATE gland

CORPORA AMYLACEA

Represents the REMAINS of the UPPER part of the gubernaculum Connects the lateral margin of the UTERUS to the OVARY

Round Ligament of the OVARY

Remains the LOWER part of the gubernaculum helps keep the uterus ANTEVERTED and ANTEFLEXED

Round Ligament of the UTERUS

Male and Female Genital Organs Flashcards

(57 cards)