The musculo-skeletal system (analysis of movement) Flashcards
APPLIED ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
what bones make up the head
cranium
maxilla (checkbones)
mendable (jaw)
what bones make up the upper body
clavicle (collar bone)
sternum (protects the heart)
scapula (behind the shoulder)
ribcage
arm:
humorous
radius
ulna
fingers:
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges
what bones make up the hips
illium/pelvis
ischium
what bones make up the lower body
legs:
femur
tibia
fibia
knee:
patella (aids with movement)
foot:
talus
tarsals
metatarsals
phalanges
calcaneus (heel)
ball and socket joints
shoulder
hip
hinge joints
ankle
knee
elbow
what are the skeletal muscle functions
- allow muscle attachment for movement
- mineral storage (calcium and phosphorous)
- protection of vital organs
- formation of joints to allow movement
- production of RBCs
- supports body
what are the muscular system functions
- maintains posture
- constricts blood vessels (supporting blood distribution when when contracting muscle presses on veins)
- heat production
- respiration
what are the antagonistic muscle pairs (6)
pectorals major + medial deltoid
bicep + tricep
hamstring + quadricep
gastronomes + tibiales anterior
hip flexors + gluteus maximus
anterior deltoid + latissimus dorsi
what are the planes and axis
frontal plane + sagittal axis
sagittal plane + transverse axis
transverse plane + longitudinal axis
fish, swim
south, towards
the, lake
what occurs in the sagittal plane
flexion and extension
what occurs in the frontal plane
abduction and adduction
what occurs in the transverse plane
rotation
what are the shoulders articulating bones
humorous and scapula
what are ankles articulating bones
fibia and talus
what are the knees articulating bones
femur and tibia
what are the elbows articulating bones
humorous and radius
what are the hip articulating bones
illium and femur
what is an agonist and antagonist
agonist:
the primary muscle that is moving and contracting within the pair
antagonist:
the relaxed muscle when moving within the pair
what is a joint type and joint action
joint type:
the structure and anatomy of the joint
joint action:
the movement that happens at a given joint
what joint actions occur at the shoulder
abduction
adduction
flexion
extension
rotation
what joint actions occur at the knee
flexion
extension
what joint actions occur at the elbow
flexion
extension
what joint actions occur at ankle
dorsiflexion
plantar-flexion
what joint actions occur at the hip
abduction
adduction
flexion
extension
rotation
what are the muscle contraction types
eccentric - when muscle lengthen under tension
concentric - when muscle shortens under tension
isometric - when muscle neither lengthen or shortens under tension
when performing a squat during both phases state the joint action type, antagonist pair and muscle contraction at the hip, knee and ankle
upward phase:
@HIP
joint action - flexion
agonist - glutes
antagonist - hip flexors
contraction - eccentric
@KNEE
joint action - flexion
agonist - quadricep
antagonist - hamstring
contraction - eccentric
@ANKLE
joint action - dorsi-flexion
agonist - gastronomes
antagonist - tibiales anterior
contraction - eccentric
downward phase:
@HIP
joint action - extension
agonist - hip flexors
antagonist - glutes
contraction - concentric
@KNEE
joint action - extension
agonist - hamstrings
antagonist - quadricep
contraction - concentric
@ANKLE
joint action - plantar-flexion
agonist - tibiales anterior
antagonist - gastronomes
contraction - concentric
