Ethics and violence in sport

Question 1

what is amateurism

Answer 1

• involved middle and upper class as they didn’t get paid and played for enjoyment
• they view sports as a way to promote ethnics and participation in physical activity, success not being the main goal for participation

Question 2

what is the olympic oath

Answer 2

• pierre de coubertin, a french man was behind the revival of the olympics in the modern era
• the concept whereby the athletes must abide to particular rules when at the olympics
• must play fairly, show sportsmanship and play for the ‘glory of the sport’

Question 3

characteristics of olympic oath

Answer 3

• ensures sportsmanship
• promotes peaceful society
• fairness in participation
• promote value of education via sport

Question 4

definition of sportsmanship

Answer 4

behaviour by athletes showing fair respect toward officials, opponents and teammates

Question 5

definition of gamesmanship

Answer 5

gaining an advantage over opponents by stretching the rules but not breaking them (legal but seen as a form of cheating)

Question 6

definition of win ethic

Answer 6

attitude of a player to win no matter what, this is prominent in all professional clubs

it can cause huge success as players are highly motivated

Question 7

what is positive deviance

Answer 7

involves behaviour falling outside of social norms without aiming to break any rules or cause any harm

e.g.
over training

Question 8

what is negative deviance

Answer 8

involves behaviour with the intention to break the rules and cause harm

e.g.
performance drugs

Question 9

what is deviancy

Answer 9

behaviour that goes beyond social norms

Question 10

what are the 5 causes of violence in sport in players

Answer 10

1. frustration
2. violence learnt from others
3. desire to win
4. high stakes of professional sport
5. athletes history/traits

Question 11

what are the 4 causes of violence in sport in spectators

Answer 11

1. team rivalries
2. media
3. alcohol and drugs
4. response to competition (win or loss)

Question 12

implications of violence in sport for spectators

Answer 12

• increased policing will draw away families attending games with children
• many associate violence with sport and may be less inclined to watch live
• sense of embarrassment among society with a problem of violence

Question 13

implications of violence in sport for the sport

Answer 13

• bad reputation
• can reduce the numbers of spectators if there is a risk of being caught up in violence
• participation of young people may be reduced

Question 14

implications of violence in sport for performers

Answer 14

• fines and bans in sport
• athletes can be injured from violence and can jeopardise their career
• players with violent history can lose sponsorships
• violent players may lose role model status

Question 15

4 strategies to prevent violence in sport

Answer 15

1. punish violent behaviour (game management)
2. increased security (CCTV for identification)
3. banning orders (known violent hooligans)
4. punish the club (for not controlling their fans, NGOs)