Sociological Theory applied to Equal opportunities

Question 1

what is socialism in context of sport?

Answer 1

socialism is the lifelong process where members of society learn its norms, values, ideas, practices, and roles to take their place in society

Question 2

what are the two types of socialism and when do they occur?

Answer 2

1. primary socialism = early years
2. secondary socialism = teenager/adult years

Question 3

what is gender socialism?

Answer 3

gender socialism is learning to conform to culturally defined gender roles

Question 4

what is social control in relation to sport?

Answer 4

social control is how institutions like education and media prevent social mobility and social change

Question 5

what barriers to equal opportunity exist due to gender? what initiatives are being taken?

Answer 5

• lack of role models/media coverage
• poor aspirations due to gender pay gap

initiatives:
- this girl can
- equal pay in tennis

Question 6

what barriers to equal opportunities exist due to disability? what initiatives are being taken?

Answer 6

• lack of opportunity (sports not adapted)
• expensive costs for equipment

initiatives:
- inclusivity with sport england
- grants from uk sport

Question 7

what barriers to equal opportunity exists due to ethnicity? what initiatives are being taken?

Answer 7

• racism (e.g. stacking and channeling)
• fewer role models

initiatives:
- encouragement in schools
- increased media coverage

Question 8

what role does the social class play in access to sport?

Answer 8

• rowing and golf = seen as a more middle class sport
• football and athletics = seen more as a working class sport
• sport offers an avenue for social change
• sport promotes social control

Question 9

what is the definition of equal opportunities in sport?

Answer 9

equal opportunities means no prejudice, discrimination or stereotyping

Question 10

what are the two types of discrimination in sport and how do they differ?

Answer 10

overt = visible/obvious (e.g. shouting, verbal abuse)

covert = hidden/less obvious (e.g. substitution a good player unfairly)

Question 11

what is social change in sport?

Answer 11

social change is re-adjusting to meet the ‘new needs’ of groups. it is stopped by inequality but can be promoted by supporting organisations initiatives

Question 12

how is access to sport different in UK schools?

Answer 12

access to sport is more limited in the UK, state schools compared to independent schools, but changes are being made to ensure sport is ‘for all’ in the 21st century

Question 13

what is sport England slogan and goal?

Answer 13

slogan: ‘create a sporting habit for life’

goal: more money in communities = boosts participation