Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy > The Lymphatic System > Flashcards

The Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Lymphatic System Consist of?

A
  • Lymph Fluid
  • Lymphatic Vessels
  • Lymphatic Organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the Lymphatic Organs?

A
  • Red Bone Marrow
  • Thymus
  • Lymph Nodes (L.N.)
  • Tonsils
  • Spleen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the main functions of the Lymphatic System?

A
  • Drains Excess Interstitial Fluid
  • Transports Dietary Lipids
  • Filters Lymph and Blood
  • Carries Out Immunological Responses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the look of the Lymph in the Lymphatic System?

A
  • Clear
  • Transparent
  • Slightly Yellowish Fluid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Structure of the Lymph?

A
  • Resembles Blood Plasma but more dilute
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is Lymph Formed?

A
  • Starts in the blood capillary network
  • Plasma and nutrients diffuse into the interstitial tissue from the arterial capillaries to supply the target organ
  • 85% of that interstitial fluid after exchanging nutrients goes back into venous capillaries
  • 15% of the interstitial fluid enter the lymphatic vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do the Lymphatic Capillaries do?

A
  • Collect the remnants of the interstitial fluid
  • Remove cell debrides and waste metabolic by-products from different tissues except the nervous system.
  • Removes pathogens
  • Receives dietary lipids from GI system and lymphocytes from blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the formation of Lymph Ducts?

A
  • Lymphatic Vessels join to form the Lymph Trunks

- Lymph Trunks unite to form Lymph Ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where do the Lymph Ducts drain?

A
  • Into the Venous System
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the Junctions between the Lymph Ducts and Venous System?

A
  • Subclavian

- Internal Jugular Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the structure of the Lymph Nodes?

A
  • Small Kidney shape, around 2 inches
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the Lymph Nodes?

A
  • The Site of the lymph filtration

- Site of B Lymphocytes Proliferation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are Lymph Nodes Named? What are the main ones?

A 
Named
- The region they are found
Main Ones
- Cervical LN 
- Axillary LN
- Lumbar LN
- Inguinal LN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do the Cervical Lymph Nodes accompany?

A
  • Larger Venous System
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are the Axillary Lymph Nodes?

A
  • Around the Axillary Vein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are the Lumbar Lymph Nodes?

A
  • Close to the post abdominal wall and vertebrae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the difference between the Afferent and Efferent Lymphatic Vessels?

A
  • Afferent: they enter the lymph nodes

- Efferent: they leave the lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens to the Lymph that is circulating in the Lymph Nodes?

A
  • Monitored and Filtered
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the structure of the Thymus?

A
  • Anterior and Superior Mediastina, in front of the Fibrous Pericardium
  • Two Lobes: Right and Left, 30-40 grams
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the Function of the Thymus?

A
  • Maturation of the T-Cells that are born in the bone marrow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happens to the immature T-Cells?

A
  • 2% turn into mature active ones

- 98% are digested by macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens to the Thymus after puberty?

A
  • It is replaced by connective tissue
23
Q

How big is the Spleen?

A
  • The size of your fist
24
Q

Where is the Spleen located?

A
  • Parallel to the Axis of ribs #9-11 on the left side
25
Q

What is dangerous about fracturing ribs 9-11?

A
  • Likely causes a spleen injury which can lead to severe internal hemorrhage
26
Q

What are the two surfaces of the Spleen?

A
  • Lateral Surface

- Medial Surface

27
Q

Where is the Lateral Surface of the Spleen?

A
  • Facing Diaphragm, Called the Diaphragmatic Surface

- Sitting Left Hypochondrial Area

28
Q

What is the Visceral Surface of the Spleen? What is located there?

A
  • Medial Surface: The Hilum is located there
29
Q

Where is the Hilum located? What is it?

A

Location
- The Medial Surface of the Spleen
Hilum
- An area on the medial surface of the spleen where the splenic vein and artery enter or exit the organ and lymphatic vessels (efferent) enter the spleen

30
Q

What is the Function of the spleen?

A
  • Remove old and damaged red blood cells from circulation
31
Q

What happens after a splenectomy? (removal of spleen)

A
  • Bone marrow and liver take over red blood cell recycling
32
Q

What is Splenomegaly?

A
  • A large spleen due to a viral infection or inflammatory disease
33
Q

Describe the structure of Tonsils?

A
  • Partially capsulated lymphoid tissue
34
Q

How many Tonsils are there? What are their names?

A 
Tonsils
- 5
Names
- Pharyngeal Tonsils
- Palatine Tonsils
- Lingual Tonsils
35
Q

Where are the Tonsils located?

A
  • At the entrance of the GI and respiratory System
36
Q

Where are the Pharyngeal Tonsils?

A
  • Roof of the nasopharynx (behind the nasal cavity)

- Only 1

37
Q

Where are the Palatine Tonsils?

A
  • Paired

- Either side of the Oropharynx (bilateral)

38
Q

Where are the Lingual Tonsils?

A
  • Paired

- Base of the Tongue

39
Q

What are the Functions of the Tonsils?

A
  • Initiates immune response by producing antibodies against antigens
40
Q

Where and What is the Cisterna Chyli?

A

Where
- In front of the LI Vertebrae
What
- Large Lymphatic Sac

41
Q

Where does the Lymph from the Lumbar Trunk and Intestinal Trunk accumulate?

A
  • The Cisterna Chyli
42
Q

What arises from the Cisterna Chyli in the Posterior Mediastinum?

A
  • The Thoracic Duct
43
Q

Where does the Left Bronchomediastinal Trunk gather Lymph from? And where does it drain?

A

Gather
- Lymph from the lung and mediastinum on left
Drain
- Thoracic duct or draining independently to veins

44
Q

Where does the Left Jugular Trunk gather lymph from? Where does it drain?

A

Gather
- Lymph from the Left side of head and neck
Drain
- Thoracic Duct

45
Q

Where does the Thoracic Duct receive lymph from?

A
  • Everywhere except the right hemithorax, right upper limb, and right side of the head and neck
46
Q

What merges together to form the Right Lymphatic Duct?

A
  • Right Jugular
  • Right Bronchomediastinal
  • Right Subclavian
47
Q

Where does the Right Lymphatic Duct drain into?

A
  • The Junction point of Right Subclavian Vein and Right Internal Jugular Vein Junction
48
Q

Describe the path of the lymph from the right upper limb to the blood stream.

A
  • To the Axillary Lymph Node
  • To the Right Subclavian Trunk
  • To the Right Lymphatic Duct
  • Into the Internal Jugular Vein
49
Q

What is the path of Lymph from the Right side of the Head and Neck on its way to the bloodstream?

A
  • To the Right Jugular Trunk
  • To the Right Lymphatic Duct
  • Drains into the Junction of the R. Subclavian and R. Internal Junction Veins
50
Q

what is the path of lymph from both lower limbs?

A
  • To the Inguinal Lymph Nodes
  • To the Pelvic Lymph Nodes
  • To the Lumbar Trunk
  • To the Cisterna Chyli
  • To the Thoracic Duct
  • drains into the left subclavian vein
51
Q

What is the path of the lymph from the GI Tract?

A
  • Pre-aortic Lymph Node
  • to the Intestinal Trunk
  • to the Cisterna Chyli
  • To the Thoracic Duct
  • Drains into the Left Subclavian Vein
52
Q

What is the path of lymph from the Posterior Abdominal Wall?

A
  • To the Para-aortic Lymph Node
  • To the Lumbar Trunk
  • To the Cisterna Chyli
  • To the Thoracic Duct
  • Drains into the Left Subclavian Vein
53
Q

What is the path of lymph from the Left Upper Limb?

A
  • To the Axillary Lymph Node
  • To the Left Subclavian Trunk
  • To the Thoracic Duct
  • Drains into the Left Subclavian Vein
54
Q

What is the path of the lymph from the Left head and Neck?

A
  • To the Left Jugular Trunk
  • to the THoracic Duct
  • Drains into the Left Subclavian Vein

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions