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CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy > Reproductive System - Female > Flashcards

Reproductive System - Female Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two Peritoneal Pouches in the Female Reproductive System?

A
  • Uterovesical Pouch

- Rectouterine Pouch

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2
Q

Where is the Uterovesical Pouch?

A
  • Between the Uterus and Bladder
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3
Q

Where is the Rectouterine Pouch? What is another name for it?

A

Location
- Between Uterus and Rectum
Name
- Douglas Pouch

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4
Q

What is the deepest peritoneal part in females?

A
  • The Rectouterine Pouch (Douglas Pouch)
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5
Q

What happens if there is an accumulation of fluid in the Rectouterine Pouch?

A
  • Bulging in the rectum or vaginal canal
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6
Q

Is the Reproductive System an opening to the peritoneal cavity in Females or Males?

A
  • Females
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7
Q

What is the shape of the Ovaries?

A
  • Egg shaped, 31.51 cm
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8
Q

Where are the Ovaries located?

A
  • The lateral walls of the true pelvis
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9
Q

What do the Ovaries do?

A
  • Produce Eggs (or ovum)

- Produce Hormone (Estrogen and Progesterone)

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10
Q

What is the Ovarian Ligament? What does it do?

A 
Ovarian Ligament
- A true band or ligament
Function
- Attaches Ovary to the side of the uterus
- Stabilizes Ovaries in their place
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10
Q

What is the Ovarian Ligament? What does it do?

A 
Ovarian Ligament
- A true band or ligament
Function
- Attaches Ovary to the side of the uterus
- Stabilizes Ovaries in their place
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11
Q

What are the Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes?

A
  • The path that the Ovum travel along towards the Uterus from the Ovaries
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12
Q

Describe the Path of the Ovum during Ovulation.

A
  • Egg released into peritoneal Cavity
  • Fimbriae start to move under the influence of LH Surge
  • Fimbriae grab the egg cells and pass it to the Infundibulum
  • Then to the Ampulla
  • Then to the Isthmus
  • The egg reaches to the Lumen of the Uterus
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13
Q

What is the Fimbriae?

A
  • Finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tube
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14
Q

What is the Infundibulum?

A
  • First Part of the Fallopian Tube?
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15
Q

What is the Ampulla in the female reproductive system?

A
  • Widest part of the fallopian tube, where fertilization usually happens
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16
Q

What is the Isthmus of the Female Reproductive system?

A
  • The last part of the Fallopian Tube that is just before the Uterus
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17
Q

What is the Lumen of the Uterus?-

A
  • Triangular space heading towards the cervix
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18
Q

What are the 4 parts of the Fallopian Tubes?

A
  • The Fimbriae: Finger-like projections on the end
  • The Infundibulum: The first part
  • The Ampulla: The widest part of the fallopian Tube where fertilization occurs
  • The isthmus: Just before the Uterus
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19
Q

What Causes the Fimbriae to move towards the ovum?

A
  • Surge of LH: Luteinizing Hormone
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20
Q

What does increased Estrogen do in relation to the Fimbriae?

A
  • Reduces Movement

- Causes infertility

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21
Q

What is the heaviest organ in the pelvic region of the female anatomy? What are its dimensions?

A
  • The Uterus
  • 7.5cm in Height
  • 5cm in width
  • 2.5cm in thickness of the wall
22
Q

What is the Fundus in the Female Reproductive System?

A
  • The part of the uterus that sits above the junction of the fallopian tube and the uterus
23
Q

What is the Body of the Uterus?

A
  • The part of the Uterus that sits below the Junction of the Fallopian Tube and continues as the Cervix. `
24
Q

What are the 2 parts of the Cervix?

A
  • Internal Ostium

- External Ostium

25
Q

What is the Internal Ostium of the Cervix?

A
  • The Proximal Opening of the Cervical Canal
26
Q

What is the External Ostium of the Cervix? What is its clinical importance?

A

External Ostium
- The Distal Opening of the Cervical Canal, opens into the vaginal canal
Clinical Importance
- Detecting Transitional Changes in the Epithelium of Uterus (Early Tumoral Changes)

27
Q

What is the Vagina made of? Where is it located?

A

Make-up
- Fibromuscular tube
Location
- From the Vestibule (external genitalia) to the Cervix of the Uterus

28
Q

What is the Fornix? What accumulates there and what happens to it?

A

Fornix
- The Circular Space is all around the Cervix, part of the vaginal canal
Accumulation
- semen accumulates for one and a half hours. Then Protein produced by the prostate degrades and sperm becomes motile

29
Q

How many Ligaments are in the Female Reproductive System? What are their names?

A 
#
- 5
Names
- Broad Ligament
- Uterosacral Ligament
- Ovarian Ligament
- Round (Teres) Ligament
- Transverse Cervical Ligament (aka cardinal ligament)
30
Q

What is the Broad Ligament of the Female Reproductive System?

A
  • Double layer of peritoneum that connects the uterus to the pelvic wall laterally
31
Q

What are the different parts of the Broad Ligament in the Female Reproductive System?

A
  • Mesosalpinx: Immediately below the fallopian tube
  • Mesoovarium: Attaches to the Ovaries
  • Mesometrium: Connects the body to the Pelvic Wall
32
Q

What is the Uterosacral Ligament? What is its function?

A

Uterosacral Ligament
- A true ligament embedded in the broad ligament
Function
- Pulls Back the Cervix

33
Q

Where is the Ovary located in relation to the Broad Ligament?

34
Q

Where is the Ureter in relation to the Broad Ligament in the Female Reproductive System?

A
  • Embedded in the Broad Ligament
35
Q

Where is the Ovarian Ligament? What is its Function?

A

Location
- Embedded between the two layers of the Broad Ligament
Function
- Connects the ovary to the uterus and stabilize the ovary in their places

36
Q

Where is the Round (Teres) Ligament in the Female Reproductive System? What is its Function?

A

Location
- Attaches to the lateral side of the uterus, continues anteriorly, passes through the inguinal canal and after exiting the canal, attaches to the symphysis pubis.
Function
- Pulls uterus forward and stabilizes it
- Change in the angle between the uterus body and vaginal canal could lead to infertility

37
Q

Where is the Transverse Cervical Ligament (aka cardinal ligament) in the Female Reproductive System? What is its Function?

A

Location
- Peritoneal Ligament, attaching the vaginal canal to the pelvic wall
Function
- Seems to be the continuation of the broad ligament

38
Q

What ligaments in the Female Reproductive System are important for the normal Positioning of the Uterus? What do they do?

A
  • Round Ligament: Pulls the body of the uterus forward

- Uterosacral Ligament: Pulls back the cervix

39
Q

What are the 2 important axes of the Female Reproductive System?

A
  • Anti-Flexion: The angle between the Axis of the Uterus and the Axis of the Cervix. 120-130 degrees
  • Anti-Version: The angle between the Axis of the Vagina and the Axis of the Cervix. 90-110 degrees.
40
Q

What is the Internal Ostium covered by during normal angles of the Uterus, Cervix, and Vagina?

A
  • The Posterior Wall
41
Q

What are the Labia Majora and Labia Minors?

A
  • Labia Majora: Skin Folds, on the external genitalia of females
  • Labia Minors: Subsets of skin folds of the labia majora
42
Q

What is the space between the two labia minora? What does it do?

A
  • Vestibule: Receives the vaginal canal, mucosal fold (hymen), urethra, major vestibular glands openings (lubricating the vagina), and clitoris in anterior
43
Q

What is located at either side of the vestibule of the female external genitalia?

A
  • Two erectile tissue: Bulbs of Vestibule and Crus of Clitoris.
44
Q

What are the Bulbs of Vestibules and Crus of Clitoris? What do they make up?

A

What are they
- Erectile components
Make-up
- The Clitoris

45
Q

What is the Breast?

A
  • Modified Sweat Gland
46
Q

Where is the base of the Breast Located?

A
  • The base: sitting in front of ribs 2-6, between the skin and pectoralis major muscle
47
Q

What innervates the sensitivity of the skin of the Breast?

48
Q

Where is the Breast Located?

A
  • Hypodermis or superficial fascia: loose connective tissue below the skin (not part of the skin)
49
Q

What layers of the Breast are after the skin?

A
  • Superficial Fascia: Expands enough to house the breast and fat
  • Areola: Change color during pregnancy, after pregnancy never back to the normal color
  • Pectoralis Major: Just deep to the breast, a deep fascia covers the pectoralis major
50
Q

What are the Suspensory Ligaments of the Breast?

A
  • Dense connnective tissue that arrise from the deep fascia of the pectoralis major, extension into the breast tissue
  • Divide the breast into lobes (8-15)
51
Q

Do both Lobes of the breast share the same duct?

52
Q

What are the Lactiferous Ducts?

A
  • Carry Mild from the lobes of the Breasts
53
Q

Where is milk stored in the lobes of the Breast?

A
  • Sinuses located in the nipple

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy (33 decks)

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