Joints - Trunk

Question 1

What are the Names of the Joints in the Vertebral Column? (4)

Answer 1

• Zygapophyseal (facet)
• Intervertebral Symphysis
• Atlantoaxial
• Atlantooccipital

Question 2

What is a Zygapophyseal (facet) Joint?

Answer 2

• Synovial Plane Joint

- Found between the Superior and Inferior articular processes on adjacent vertebrae

Question 3

What is an Intervertebral Symphysis Joint?

Answer 3

• an articulation between vertebral bodies that occurs via intervertebral discs

Question 4

What are Intervertebral Discs composed of?

Answer 4

• Nucleus Pulposus: centrally located gelatinous substance

- Annulus Fibrosus: Concentric layers of dense connective tissue surrounding the nucleus pulposus

Question 5

What is an Atlantoaxial Joint?

Answer 5

• A Synovial Pivot Joint

- Between anterior arch of Atlas (CI) and the odontoid process (dens) of the Axis (CII)

Question 6

What is the Atlantooccipital Joint?

Answer 6

• Synovial Condyloid Joint

- Between the CI and the condyles of the occipital bone

Question 7

What supportive structures are in the vertebral column joints? (5) Where are they found?

Answer 7

• Anterior Longitudinal Ligament: Runs along the anterior part of the vertebral bodies
• Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: Runs along the posterior part of the vertebral bodies
• Flava Ligaments: Connects the Laminae of adjacent vertebrae
• Interspinous Ligaments: Stretches between adjacent spinous processes
• Supraspinous Ligament: connects the tips of spinous processes

Question 8

What is the Nuchal Ligament? Where is it found?

Answer 8

Nuchal Ligament
- Proximal extension of the supraspinous ligament in the sagittal plane. 
Found
- In Neck Region
- Attached to occipital bone

Question 9

What Joints are found in the Thoracic Cage?

Answer 9

• Costovertebral Joints

- Sternocostal Joints

Question 10

Describe a Costovertebral Joint and the 2 components of it

Answer 10

Costovertebral Joint
- Synovial Planar Joint
Components
- Head of the Typical Rib: Articulates with the vertebral bodies of adjacent vertebra and the vertebra above
- The Tubercle of a Typical Rib: Articulates with the costal facets on the transverse processes of the corresponding thoracic vertebra

Question 11

Describe the Sternocostal Joints. Where might some differ?

Answer 11

Sternocostal Joint
- All but one are Synovial Planar, 1 is Synchondrosis
Differ
- The first Sternocostal Joint is Synchondrosis
- Ribs I-VII: the anterior end of the ribs articulate with the sternum via their costal cartilages.
- Ribs VIII-X: Articulate with the sternum via the costal cartilage of Rib VII

Question 12

What are the 2 joints of the pelvis?

Answer 12

• Sacroiliac Joints

- Public Symphysis

Question 13

What is a Sacroiliac Joint? Where is it Found?

Answer 13

Sacroiliac Joint
- Synovial Planar Joint
- Supported by Anterior and Posterior Sacroiliac Ligaments
Found
- Between the auricular surface of the sacrum and the ilium

Question 14

What is a Pubic Symphysis Joint?

Answer 14

• Symphysis Type joint between the left and right hip bones

- Has fibrocartilage disc

Question 15

What Joints are in the Skull?

Answer 15

• Sutures

- Temporomandibular Joint

Question 16

What kind of Joint is the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) and where is it located?

Answer 16

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
- Modified Hinge Synovial Joint
- Has Articular disk that divides the articular cavity into two compartments
Location
- The head of the mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone (Jaw)