Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy > Bones - Lower Limb > Flashcards

Bones - Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What Bone makes up the Pelvic Girdle?

A
  • The Hip Bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What Bones make up the Hip Bone? And How are those bones connected?

A 
Bones 
- Ilium
- Ischium
- Pubis
Connection
- Bones are fused together during growth
- Meet in a Y shape at the Acetabulum, location of articulation with Femur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the Boney Features of the Ilium visible from the Lateral view? (7)

A
  • Iliac Crest: Superior Anterior brim of Iliac
  • Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS): anterior and inferior to Iliac Crest
  • Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS): Posterior protrusion
  • Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS): Inferior to ASIS
  • Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS): Inferior to PSIS
  • Greater Sciatic Notch: Anterior and Inferior to PIIS
  • Gluteal Surface: lateral flat surface of the Ilium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the Boney Features of the Ilium visible from the Medial view? (3)

A
  • Iliac Fossa: Wing of Ilium, large muscle originates there
  • Medial Border (arcuate line): Bony ridge, just below the fossa
  • Auricular Surface: articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum, making the sacroiliac joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the boney features of the ischium visible from the Lateral view? Describe them

A
  • Ischial Spine: Just below the Greater Sciatic Notch. separates greater/lesser sciatic notch
  • Lesser Sciatic Notch: Just below Ischial Spine
  • Ischial Tuberosity: large boney elevation. Sit on it
  • Obturator Foramen: Large opening, passage for major blood vessels and nerves. Triangle in Females, Oval in Males
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the boney features of the Ischial visible from the medial view?

A
  • Ischiopubic Ramus: Most Inferior part, belongs to both pubis and ischium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the boney features of the pubic bone visible from the Lateral view?

A
  • Pubic Crest: Close to the midline, prominent boney ridge. Anterior aspect.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the boney features of the pubic bone visible from a medial view?

A
  • Superior Pubic Ramus: Boney Ridge
  • Body of Pubis: Square piece of bone, location of the pubic symphysis
  • Pectineal Line: Continuous with Medial Border of Ilium. origin of pectineus muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the Superior Pelvic Aperture and what boney landmarks(4) contribute to it?

A
  • Superior Pelvic Aperture: also known as the pelvic brim. The circular area separates the pelvic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
  • Sacral Promontory: prominent point on the anterior side of S1. Contributes to the Posterior portion of the Pelvic Brim
  • Arcuate Line: smooth curved ridge on Iliam. forms the posteromedial and posterolateral portion of the pelvic brim.
  • Pectineal Line: Forms the anteromedial and anterolateral portion of the pelvic brim.
  • Pubic Crest: forms the anterior portion of the pelvic brim.

Men’s Pelvic Brim is Heart Shaped, Women’s Oval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the Pubic Symphysis?

A
  • The location where the two hip bones fuse together

- The body of the pubis on both bones connect via symphysis joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the False Pelvis?

A
  • The space above the superior pelvic aperture

- Also called the Greater Pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Inferior Pelvic Aperture and what boney landmarks (5) contribute to it?

A

Inferior Pelvic Aperture
- Hole of Pelvis viewed Inferiorly
- Also called Pelvic Outlet
Components
- Public Symphysis: Most Anterior part
- Ischiopubic Ramus: Anterolateral and Anteromedial part of Pelvic Outlet
- Ischial Tuberosity: Forms the lateral part of the Pelvic outlet
- Sacrotuberous Ligament: Stretches from Ischial Tuberosity across to Coccyx
- Coccyx: Most Posterior point of Pelvic Outlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the True Pelvis?

A
  • The space between the superior pelvic aperture and the inferior pelvic aperture
  • also called the Lesser Pelvis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some structural Features of the Femur? (4)

A
  • It’s a Long Bone
  • Your Height = (roughly) 4x the length of your femur
  • It has a Proximal End
  • It has a Distal End
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name, location, and description of Boney features on Proximal End of Femur (6)

A
  • Head: Most Proximal and Medial Point, & Round ball shape
  • Neck: Distal to Head, & skinny
  • Greater Trochanter: Proximal Lateral, Rough Projection (palpable)
  • Lesser Trochanter: Inferior to neck, Rough projection on medial side
  • Body (shaft): Long middle piece
  • Linea Aspera: on the Posterior body of Femur, Rough Lin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name, Location, and Description of Boney Features on Distal End of Femur (5)

A
  • Medial Condyle: Distal and Medial, the tip of the medial bulb
  • Lateral Condyle: Distal and Lateral, Tip of lateral bulb
  • Adductor Tubercle: Proximal to Medial Condyle, site of insertion for adductor magnus muscle
  • Intercondylar Notch(Fossa): Posterior Distal, located between condyles, location of cruciate ligament in the knee joint
17
Q

What are the components of the Tibia?

A
  • Proximal End

- Distal End

18
Q

What are some structural characteristics of the Tibia?

A
  • Concave Articular Surface: articulates with the femur

- Weight Transfer to Feet

19
Q

Name, location, and description of the boney features on the proximal end of the Tibia (3)

A
  • Medial Condyle: Proximal Medial Protrusion
  • Lateral Condyle: Proximal Lateral Protrusion
  • Tibial Tuberosity: Proximal and Anterior, inferior to condyles but on the midline. Insertion point for Quadricpes Femoris Muscle
20
Q

Name, location, and description of boney feature on distal end of Tibia (1)

A
  • Medial Malleolus: Distal and Medial. Protrudes Inferiorly.
21
Q

What Components make up the Fibula?

A
  • Proximal end

- Distal End

22
Q

Name, Location, and Description of the boney features on the proximal end of the Fibula (2)

A
  • Head: proximal end, round, articulates with the lateral condyle of Tibia
  • Neck: Located just distal to the head. If fractured, can cause fibular nerve injury and inability to dorsiflexion
23
Q

Name, location, and description of boney features on the distal end of the Fibula (1)

A
  • Lateral Malleolus: Distal Lateral side of the ankle. Provides stability.
  • upper 2/3 of fibula does not aid weight-bearing, only bottom 1/3 does*
24
Q

What Type of bones are in the foot and how many bones are in each section?

A 
Tarsal
- 7 bones
- Short Bones
Metatarsal
- 5 bones
- long bones
Toes
- 14 bones 
- long bones
25
Q

What are the names of the Tarsals and how to they articulate with each other?

A
  • Talus: articulates w/distal of tibia and fibula
  • Calcaneus: articulates w/ the Talus. has medial/lateral calcaneal tuberosities on inferior surface.
  • Navicular: medial side of foot, in front of talus/ Navicular tuberosity
  • Cuboid Bone: in Front of the Calcaneus
  • Cuneiforms: Three Bones (medial, intermediate, lateral). Right in front of the Navicular.
26
Q

What is the structure of the Metatarsals? How are they named?

A 
Structure
- Proximal End (Base)
- Body (shaft)
- Distal End (head)
Naming
- Numbered from big toe to most lateral metatarsal
27
Q

What is the structure of the toes? how are they named?

A

Structure
- Three Phalanges per Toe (except Big toe, only has 2)
- Long bones
Naming
- Phalanges are proximal, middle, and distal
- Big toe only has proximal and distal

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions