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CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy > Bones - Upper Limb > Flashcards

Bones - Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the Pectoral (shoulder) Gridle? What is its Function?

A 
Bones
- The Clavicles (collar bones)
- Scapula
Function
- Appends the upper limbs to the axial skeleton
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2
Q

Describe the ends and curves of the Clavicles

A 
The Ends
- Medial (sternal) end: round
- Lateral (acromial) end: Flat
The Curves
- Medial Curve: Convex Anteriorly
- Lateral Curve: Concave Anteriorly
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3
Q

What Ribs does the Scapula Cover? What is the main feature?

A

Ribs
- II-VII on the posterolateral part of the Thorax
Feature
- Triangular in Shape

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4
Q

What is the name of the Anterior surface of the Scapula and what is its shape?

A

Name
- Subscapular Fossa
Shape
- Concave in shape

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5
Q

What are the defining features on the posterior surface of the scapula? (4)

A
  • Spine of the Scapula: bony ridge that divides the surface into two fossa
  • Supraspinous Fossa: superior to the spine
  • Infraspinous Fossa: inferior to the spine
  • Acromion: Flat bony plate. The spine of the scapula extends laterally to this.
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6
Q

Name the Borders of the Scapula and any important features

A
  • Lateral
  • Medial
  • Superior: contains finger-like boney projections called the coracoid process (points anterolaterally)
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7
Q

Name the Angles of the Scapula and any significant Features

A
  • Superior
  • Inferior
  • Lateral:
    - Glenoid Cavity: covered with hyaline cartilage. Articulates with the head of the humerus.
    - Supraglenoid Tubercle: exists superior to the glenoid cavity
    - Infraglenoid Tubercle: exists inferiorly to the glenoid cavity
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8
Q

What are the three sections of the Humerus?

A
  • Proximal End: most proximal part
  • The Body (shaft): middle section
  • The Distal End: most distal part
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9
Q

Name and Describe the boney features of the Proximal End of the Humerus? (5)

A
  • Head: smooth spherical surface
  • Anatomical Neck: the narrowing immediately below the head
  • Greater and Lesser Tubercles: two boney prominences below the anatomical neck
  • Intertubercular (bicipital) groove or sulcus: groove that separates tubercles
  • Surgical Neck: narrowing at the proximal end, distal to tubercles. Most common fracture point.
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10
Q

Name and Describe the boney features on the Body (shaft) of the Humerus? (2)

A
  • Deltoid Tuberosity: A flat boney elevation on the lateral side
  • Radial (spiral) Groove: Behind and Below the Deltoid Tuberosity. Runs Inferolaterally
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11
Q

Name and Describe the Boney Features on the Distal End of the Humerus? (6)

A
  • Capitulum: Round articular surface on the lateral side
  • Trochlea: Pulley shaped articular surface on the medial side
  • Epicondyles: two boney ridges on the medial (proximal to trochlea) and the lateral (proximal to the capitulum)
  • Radial Fossa: superior to the capitulum (anterior side)
  • Coronoid Fossa: Superior to the trochlea (anterior side)
  • Olecranon Fossa: Superior to the trochlea (posterior side)
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12
Q

What are the 3 sections of the Radius?

A
  • Proximal End
  • Body
  • Distal End
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13
Q

Name and Describe the Boney Features of the Proximal End of the Radius?

A
  • Head: short and cylindrical
  • Neck: inferior to the Head
  • Radial Tuberosity: protrusion inferior to the Neck
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14
Q

Name and Describe the boney features on the Body of the Radius

A

Borders: three borders that are triangular in a cross-section
Medial Border: Location of the Interosseous border

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15
Q

Name and Describe the boney features on the Distal End of the Radius

A
  • Styloid Process: on the lateral aspect

- Ulnar Notch: on the medial side

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16
Q

Name the three sections of the Ulna

A
  • Proximal End
  • Body
  • Distal End
17
Q

Name and describe the Bony Features of the Proximal End of the Ulna

A
  • Olecranon Process: Top part of the wrench
  • Coronoid Process: The bottom part of the wrench
  • Trochlear Notch: between the olecranon and coronoid processes
  • Radial Notch: located lateral to the coronoid process, articulates with head of radius
18
Q

Name and Describe the Boney Feature of the Body of the Ulna

A
  • Borders: three borders and three surfaces (triangular in cross-section)
  • Interosseous Border: sharp prominence of the lateral border
19
Q

Name and Describe the boney features of the Distal End of the Ulna

A
  • Head: round

- Styloid Process: points inferiorly

20
Q

Name the Three Types of bones in the Hand and how many are in each hand

A

Carpal: 8 bones. Small Bones.
Metacarpals: 5 bones. small, long bones.
Digits: 14 bones. Phalanges. Long bones.

21
Q

Name the Proximal Row of Carpals in the hand from lateral to medial

A
  • Scaphoid
  • Lunate
  • Triquetrum
  • Pisiform
22
Q

Name the Distal Row of Carpals from Lateral to Medial

A
  • Trapezium
  • Trapezoid
  • Capitate
  • Hamate
23
Q

Describe the structure of Metacarpals and how they are named

A 
Structure
- Proximal End: Head
- Body
- Distal End: Head
Naming
- Numbered from lateral (thumb) to medial (pinky)
24
Q

Describe the Structure of Digits and how they are named

A

Structure
- Each Digit contains three phalanges except the Thumb
Naming
- Phalanges are named as Proximal, Middle, and Distal
- The Thumb only has a Proximal and Distal Phalange

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy (33 decks)

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