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CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy > Digestive System - Accessory Glands > Flashcards

Digestive System - Accessory Glands Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 Salivary Glands?

A
  • Parotid Gland
  • Submandibular Gland
  • Sublingual Gland
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2
Q

What is the largest Salivary Gland?

A
  • Parotid Gland
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3
Q

Describe the Structure of the Parotid Gland? What is its Function? What Innervates it?

A

Structure
- Partially covered by the masseter muscle
- Opens into the Vestibule via the parotid duct
Function
- Produces about 30% of saliva
Innervation
- Parasympathetic Fibers of Cranial Nerve IX: glossopharyngeal

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4
Q

Describe the Structure, Function, and Innervation of the Submandibular Gland?

A

Structure
- Related to the medial surface and the body of the mandible and is covered by the mandibular angle
- The duct opens into the mouth proper behind the dental arches (lingual frenulum)
Function
- Producing up to 40% of the saliva
Innervation
- Parasympathetic Fibers of Cranial Nerve VII: Facial

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5
Q

Describe the Structure, Function, and Innervation of the Sublingual Gland?

A

Structure
- Sits under the tongue and the mucosal membrane of the oral cavity
- Has multiple ducts that open into the mouth proper (at the summit of the sublingual fold)
Function
- Produces roughly 30% of the saliva
Innervation
- Parasympathetic Fibers of Cranial Nerve VII: Facial

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6
Q

What kind of gland is the Liver?

A
  • Mixed Gland: Endocrine and Exocrine Secretion
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7
Q

Where is the Liver Located?

A
  • Right Hypochondriac, epigastric, and sometimes parts of the left hypochondriac regions
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8
Q

What are the 2 surfaces of the liver? what are they related to?

A

Surfaces

  • Diaphragmatic Surface: related to the diaphragm
  • Visceral Surface: related to abdominal viscera
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9
Q

What are 4 surfaces of the Diaphragmatic Surface of the Liver?

A
  • Anterior
  • Superior
  • Posterior
  • Right
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10
Q

What part of the Liver is the Visceral Surface?

A
  • Inferior
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11
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the Liver?

A
  • Right
  • Left
  • Caudate
  • Quadrate
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12
Q

Where are the Right and Left lobes of the liver visible from?

A
  • The anterior View

- The inferior view

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13
Q

What is visible from the Inferior view of the liver?

A
  • The Right Lobe
  • The left Lobe
  • The quadrate lobe
  • the caudate lobe
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14
Q

What are the caudate and quadrate lobes anatomically a part of? What are they functionally a part of?

A
  • Anatomically: The Right Lobe

- Functionally: The Left Lobe

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15
Q

Why are the Caudate and Quadrate lobes functionally a part of the Left Lobe?

A
  • Because the same artery that supplies the left lobe and bile ducts of the left lobe also supply or transfer the bile from the caudate and quadrate lobes
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16
Q

What is the Anterior Surface of the Liver connected to the Posterior Surface of the Anterior Abdominal wall by?

A
  • The Falciform Ligament: a double-layered reflection of peritoneum
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17
Q

What divides the liver into the left and right lobes?

A
  • The Falciform Ligament
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18
Q

Where is the Round Ligament located in the Liver?

A

Located
- Embedded within the layers of the Falciform Ligament that attaches to the posterior aspect of the umbilicus (remanent of the umbilical vein)

19
Q

What does the superior surface of the liver connected to the undersurface of the diaphragm by?

A
  • The Coronary Ligament
20
Q

What makes the impressions on the liver?

A

Organs that are in touch with the visceral surface

  • Left Side: the Stomach
  • Right Side: Right Kidney and Hepatic Flexure
21
Q

What is the Porta Hepatis on the liver?

A
  • The area in which the vessels and ducts enter/exit the liver
22
Q

What does the Porta Hepatis of the liver contain?

A
  • Common Bile Duct
  • Portal Vein
  • Hepatic Artery Proper
23
Q

What carries the bile to the second part of the duodenum?

A
  • The Common Bile Duct of the liver
24
Q

Where does the Portal Vein of the Porta Hepatis carry venous blood from?

A
  • The GI tract to the liver
25
Q

What is the Hepatic Artery Proper?

A
  • It is a branch of the Celiac Artery that supplies the Liver
26
Q

What is the Posterior to the Porta Hepatis?

A
  • The Caudate Lobe
27
Q

What is anterior to the Porta Hepatis?

A
  • the Quadrate Lobe
28
Q

What innervates the Liver?

A
  • The Greater Splanchnic Nerve (sympathetic)

- Cranial Nerve X: Vagus Nerve (parasympathetic) via the celiac pelxus

29
Q

What Supplies Blood to the Liver?

A
  • The Common Hepatic Branch of the Celiac Artery
30
Q

What are the 3 parts of the Gallbladder?

A
  • Fundus: distal end
  • Body
  • Neck: Proximal Narrowing
31
Q

What Ducts are a part of the Gallbladder?

A
  • Left/right hepatic duct
32
Q

Where do the Left/Right hepatic ducts collect bile from?

A
  • The respective lobes of the liver: Common hepatic ducts, cystic duct
33
Q

What does the gall bladder do to bile?

A
  • It concentrates it
34
Q

Where is the bile released? Where does it go?

A 
Released
- Cystic Duct
Goes
- Common Bile Duct
to - The Second part of the duodenum
35
Q

What innervates the Gallbladder?

A
  • The Greater Splanchnic Nerve (sympathetic)

- Cranial Nerve X: Vagus Nerve (parasympathetic) via the celiac plexus

36
Q

What supplies blood to the gallbladder?

A
  • Common Hepatic Branch of the Celiac Artery
37
Q

Is the Pancreas retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?

A
  • almost entirely Retroperitoneal (covered by retroperitoneal)
38
Q

What are the parts of the Pancreas?

A
  • Head: surrounded by the duodenum
  • Neck
  • Body
  • Tail: in touch with the spleen
39
Q

Where is pancreatic exocrine secretion carried through?

A
  • The main pancreatic duct

- The minor pancreatic duct

40
Q

What joins to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla? Where does it drain?

A

Joins
- the Main Pancreatic Duct and the Common Bile Duct
Drains
- Into the D2 of the duodenum via the major duodenal papilla

41
Q

Where does the Minor Pancreatic Duct drain?

A
  • the main pancreatic duct

- Directly into the descending part of the duodenum via the minor duodenal papilla

42
Q

Where does the pancreas secrete endocrine from?

A
  • Parts of the tail
43
Q

What supplies blood to the pancreas?

A
  • Common hepatic and splenic branches of the celiac artery

- Branches of the superior mesenteric artery

44
Q

What innervates the Pancreas?

A
  • Greater splanchnic (sympathetic)

- Cranial Nerve X: Vagus nerve (parasympathetic) via the celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy (33 decks)

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