Nervous System - Visceral Nervous System Flashcards
Location and Pathway of Sympathetic nerves that target the Head, Neck, and Upper Limb?
Locations
- Lateral Horn of T1
Pathway
- Ascend in the sympathetic chain to the cervical ganglia
Location and Pathway of the Sympathetic nerves that innervate the heart, lungs, and diaphragm?
Location
- Lateral Horn of T1-T4 spinal segment
Pathway
- Travel to the thoracic region of the sympathetic chain to innervate thoracic organs
What are the Splanchnic Nerves?
- Greater
- Lesser
- Least
- Lumbar
What are Splanchnic Nerves?
- Pre-ganglionic fibers that synapse onto pre-vertebral ganglia
Location and Pathway of the Sympathetic Nerves that innervate the Abdominal and Pelvic viscera?
Location - Lateral Horn of T5 - L2 segments Pathway - Bypass the Sympathetic Chain - form the splanchnic nerves - Goes to pre-vertebral ganglia
Location and Pathway of the Sympathetic nerves that go to the Lower Limbs?
Location
- Lateral Horn of the L2 Segment
Pathway
- Descend to lower paravertebral Ganglia (lower lumbar and upper sacral region)
What is Visceral Ganglia?
- Ganglia associated with parasympathetic fibers
Where are the Pre-ganglionic cell bodies of the parasympathetic nerves located?
- Brainstem
- Lateral Horn of Spinal Segments S2-S4
What is the name of the parasympathetic ganglion accossiated with Cranial Nerve III?
What is the name of the parasympathetic ganglion associated with Cranial Nerve III? What does it do?
CN III: Oculomotor Nerve
- Ciliary Ganglion: innervates ciliary muscles and sphincter pupil (iris)
Function
- Constrict the pupil
What is the name of the Parasympathetic Ganglion that innervates the Sublingual and Submandibular Glands? What Cranial Nerve is it associated with?
Ganglion
- Submandibular Ganglion
Cranial Nerve
- CN VII: Facial Nerve
What does the Pterygopalatine Ganglion Innervate? What Cranial Nerve is it associated with?
Innervate
- Lacrimal Gland
Cranial Nerve
- CN VII: Facial Nerve
What Ganglion and Cranial Nerve is associated in the Parasympathetic Innervation of the Parotid Gland?
Ganglion
- Otic Ganglion
Cranial Nerve
- CN IX: Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Where is the Ganglia located that is associated with Cranial Nerve X? Function?
CN X: Vagus Nerve
- Location: Visceral Ganglia located close to or within the walls of the target organ
- Function: Innervates the Thoracic and most abdominal Viscera (cut off at 1/3rd of transverse colon)
What does spinal segment S2-S4 parasympathetically innervate? what are they distributed by?
Innervate - Distal GI Tract - Pelvic Viscera Distributed - By the Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves
What are the Functions of the Visceral Sensory Neurons?
Collect Information About
- Stretch
- Chemical Stimulation
- Hypoxia from viscera
Where are the Cell Bodies of the Visceral Sensory Neurons Located?
- Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG)
- Sensory Ganglia of CN VII, IX, & X
What is the Pathway of the Visceral Sensory Neurons in the DRG?
DRG (dorsal root ganglion)
- From: DRG neurons
- To: Dorsal Horn
- Travel: Along the Spinothalamic Tract
What is the Pathway of the Visceral Sensory Neurons of the Sensory Nuclei of the CN?
Cranial Nerves
- From: Sensory Nuclei of the Cranial Nerves
- To: Thalamus
What are Visceral Plexuses made by?
- Sensory, Sympathetic, and Parasympathetic Fibers
What are the 3 Plexuses in the Thoracic Region?
- Cardiac Plexus
- Pulmonary Plexus
- Esophageal Plexus
What contributes to the Cardiac Plexus?
- Parasympathetic: CN X: Vagus Nerve
- Sympathetic: T1-T4
What Contributes to the Pulmonary Plexus?
- Parasympathetic: CN X: Vagus Nerve
- Sympathetic: T1-T4
What Contributes to the Esophageal Plexus?
- Parasympathetic: CN X: Vagus Nerve
- Sympathetic: T1-T4
What Three Plexuses have the same contributions from the parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous systems? What are those contributions?
Thoracic Plexuses - Cardiac Plexus - Pulmonary Plexus - Esophageal Plexus Contributions - Parasympathetic: CN X: Vagus Nerve - Sympathetic: T1-T4
What are the 4 Abdominal Plexuses? What are they named after?
Plexus - Celiac Plexus - Superior Mesenteric Plexus - Inferior Mesenteric Plexus - Hypogastric Plexus Naming - After the Artery they travel with
What does the Celiac Plexus surround? what are the parasympathetic and sympathetic contributions?
Surrounds - Celiac Artery Contributions - Parasympathetic: CN X: Vagus Nerve - Sympathetic: T5-L2
What does the Celiac Plexus Innervate? (4)
- Stomach
- Pancreas
- Spleen
- Liver
What plexus has an overlap between the parasympathetic nerves from the Vagus Nerve and the S2-S4 Spinal Segment?
- Superior Mesenteric Plexus
What does the Superior Mesenteric Plexus Surround?
- The superior mesenteric artery
What are the Parasympathetic and sympathetic contributions to the Superior Mesenteric Plexus?
- Parasympathetic: CN X: Vagus Nerve & S2-S4 (overlap)
- Sympathetic: T5-L2
What does the Superior Mesenteric Plexus Innervate?
- Most of small intestine and half of the large intestine
What does the Inferior Mesenteric Plexus Surround?
- Inferior Mesenteric Artery
What are the parasympathetic and sympathetic contributions to the Inferior Mesenteric Plexus?
- Parasympathetic: S2-S4
- Sympathetic: T5-L2
What does the Inferior Mesenteric Plexus innervate?
- The distal half of the large intestine
What are the Parasympathetic and sympathetic contributions to the Hypogastric Plexus?
- Parasympathetic: S2-S4
- Sympathetic: T5-L2
Where does the Hypogastric Plexus Supply nerves?
- The Pelvic Viscera
