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CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy > Nervous System - Spinal Nerves and Branches > Flashcards

Nervous System - Spinal Nerves and Branches Flashcards

1
Q

How many Spinal Nerves are there? How are they Named?

A

of Nerves
- 31 Pairs
Named
- Based on segment of spinal cord they leave the vertebral column at

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2
Q

What is the Structure of the Spinal Nerve before it exits the Vertebral Canal?

A
  • Ventral Root

- Dorsal Root

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3
Q

What happens when the Dorsal and Ventral Root Join? What does this mean?

A

Joined

  • This is what the Spinal Nerve
  • It means Spinal Nerves are Mixed: have both Sensory and Motor Fibers
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4
Q

What are the Spinal Nerves Split into After they leave the Vertebral Column?

A
  • Ventral Rami

- Dorsal Rami

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5
Q

Where does the Ventral Root come from and What does it carry?

A
  • Arises from the Ventral Horn

- Carries Motor Fibers (efferent)

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6
Q

Where does the Dorsal Root go and what does it carry?

A
  • enters Dorsal Horn

- Carry Afferent (sensory) fibers

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7
Q

What do Ventral Rami Form? Where? (3)

A
  • Somatic Nerve Plexuses: Cervical, Lumbar, and Sacral Regions
  • Intercostal Nerves: T1-T11
  • Subcostal Nerve: T12
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8
Q

What does the Dorsal Rami do?

A
  • Supplies motor, visceral, and sensory nerves to the dorsal muscles of the back and the overlying skin
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9
Q

What are paravertebral muscles? what supplies their nerves?

A

Paravertebral Muscles
- Muscles that lie close to the vertebral column
Supplies Nerves
- Dorsal Rami

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10
Q

What are the 5 names for spinal nerves? how many of each?

A
  • Cervical Spinal Nerves: C1-C8
  • Thoracic Spinal Nerves: T1-T12
  • Lumbar Spinal Nerves: L1-L5
  • Sacral Spinal Nerves: S1-S5
  • Coccygeal Spinal Nerves: Co
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11
Q

What is a Dermatome?

A
  • An area of skin that is innervated by a single spinal nerve or spinal cord segment
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12
Q

What is a Myotome?

A
  • A part of the skeletal muscle that is innervated by a single nerve or spinal cord segment
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13
Q

What is the Cauda Equina? What does it do?

A

Cauda Equina
- The continuation of Dorsal and Ventral Roots in the vertebral column past the end of the Spinal Cord
Function
- supplies Spinal Nerves to the Lumbar, Sacral, and Coccygeal spinal segments

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14
Q

What Spinal Nerves form the Cervical Plexus?

A
  • Ventral Rami of C1-C4
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15
Q

What Spinal Nerves form the Brachial Plexus?

A
  • Ventral Rami of the C5-T1
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16
Q

How do the Cervical Spinal Nerves exit the Lumbar Column?

A
  • C1-C7: Exit through the vertebral canal above their corresponding cervical vertebrae
  • C8: Exits Between the CVII and TI vertebrae
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17
Q

How do the Thoracic Spinal Nerves exit the spinal column?

A
  • T1-T12: exit through the lower corresponding vertebrae
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18
Q

How do the Sacral Spinal Nerves exit the Vertebral Column?

A
  • Through the corresponding sacral foramina
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19
Q

What forms the Sacral Plexus? what else does it contribute to?

A
  • Ventral Rami of L4-S4

- also contributes to the coccygeal plexus

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20
Q

What forms the Lumbar Plexus? what else does it contribute to?

A
  • Ventral Rami of the L1-L4

- Also contributes to the sacral plexus

21
Q

What forms the coccygeal plexus? what other spinal nerves contribute to this?

A
  • The Single pair of Coccygeal spinal nerves

- The S4 and S5 spinal nerves contribute to it

22
Q

Where is the Cervical Plexus located?

A
  • Deep to the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
23
Q

What are the important branches of the Cervical Plexus? What kind of nerves do they provide and to where?

A
  • Cutaneous Branch: sensory from ventral and lateral neck
  • Ansa Cervicalis: Motor to Infrahyoid Muscles
  • Phrenic Nerve: Motor to the Diaphragm
24
Q

What does the Brachial Plexus Supply?

A
  • the upper limbs
25
Q

What is the Mnemonic for remembering the subdivisions of the Brachial Plexus?

A 
Read 
That
Daunting 
Cadaver
Book
26
Q

What are the important branches of the Brachial Plexus? (4)

A
  • Musculocutaneous
  • Median
  • Ulna
  • Radial
27
Q

Where does the Musculocutaneous branch of the Brachial Plexus provide motor nerves to and receive sensory nerves from?

A
  • Motor: the Muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

- Sensory: From the lateral side of the arm

28
Q

Where does the Median Branch of the Brachial Plexus send motor nerves and receive sensory nerves from?

A
  • Motor: to (almost) all muscles of the anterior Forearm and some of the muscles of the hand
  • Sensory: From the skin of the lateral palm (thumb side) and the lateral 3 1/2 fingers
29
Q

Where does the Ulnar Branch of the Brachial Plexus supply motor nerves? where does it receive sensory nerves from?

A

Motor: Some muscles in the anterior forearm, most intrinsic muscles of the hand
Sensory: From the medial third of the palmar and dorsal aspect of the hand / and medial 1 1/2 fingers.

30
Q

Where does the Radial Branch of the Brachial Plexus send motor nerves to and receive sensory nerves from?

A

Motor: To the posterior compartment of the arm and the forearm
Sensory: from the skin of the posterior arm and forearm / lateral 2/3rds of back of hand

31
Q

What Spinal Nerves make up the Roots of the Brachial Plexus?

A
  • C5-T1 (neck region)
32
Q

How do the Roots of the Brachial Plexus differentiate into the Trunks?

A
  • Upper: C5 & C6
  • Middle: C7
  • Lower: C8-T1
33
Q

What divides into anterior and posterior axilla (divisions) in the Brachial Plexus?

A
  • The Trunks
34
Q

What divides into anterior and posterior divisions in the Brachial Plexus?

A
  • The Trunks
35
Q

What are the names of the 3 Cords in the Brachial Plexus?

A
  • Lateral
  • Medial
  • Posterior
36
Q

What forms the Lumbar Plexus?

A
  • The Ventral Rami of Spinal Nerves L1-L4
37
Q

What are the Important branches of the Lumbar Plexus?

A
  • Lateral Femoral Cutaneous
  • Femoral
  • Obturator
38
Q

What does the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous branch of the Lumbar Plexus do?

A
  • Sensory: Receives senses from the lateral side of the thigh
39
Q

What type of nerve is the Femoral Branch of the Lumbar Plexus? what do they do?

A
  • Motor: to muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh and iliacus muscle
  • Sensory: from anterior and medial thigh and medial aspect of the leg and foot
40
Q

What type of nerve is the Obturator Branch of the Lumbar Plexus? what does it do?

A

Mixed

  • Motor: to muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh
  • Sensory: From the skin of the medial side of thigh
41
Q

What forms the Sacral Plexus?

A
  • The Roots of L4-Co Spinal Nerves
42
Q

What are the Important Branches of the Sacral Plexus?

A
  • Superior Gluteal
  • Inferior Gluteal
  • Sciatic Nerve
  • Pudendal
43
Q

What does the Superior Gluteal Branch of the Sacral Plexus do?

A
  • Motor: To some of the gluteal muscles (pure motor)
44
Q

What does the Inferior Gluteal Branch of the Sacral Plexus do?

A
  • Motor: to the Gluteus Maximus (motor)
45
Q

What are the two divisions of the Sciatic Nerve Branch of the Sacral Plexus?

A
  • Anterior Division

- Posterior Division

46
Q

Where does the tibial and common fibular division of the Siatic Nerve come from?

A
  • Tibial: the Anterior division

- Common Fibular: The Posterior Division

47
Q

What does the Tibial Nerve of the Sciatic Nerve do?

A
  • Motor: to most muscles of the posterior thigh, all posterior muscles of the leg, and all muscles of the plantar aspect of the foot
  • Sensory: from posterior aspect of the leg and the entire plantar aspect of the foot
48
Q

What does the Common Fibular division of the Sciatic Nerve do?

A
  • Motor: to muscles of the anterior and lateral compartmetns of the leg and some muscles on the dorsum of the foot
  • Sensory: from the skin on the lateral side of the leg and the dorsum of the foot
49
Q

What does the Pudendal Branch of the Sacral Plexus do?

A
  • Motor: to muscles of the perineum

- Sensory: from skin of the perineum

CAPS 391 - Gross Human Anatomy (33 decks)

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