The Ancient World - MT1 - Part 4 Flashcards
What did the Hippocratics not emphasize?
Diagnosis
What did the Hippocratics believe about diagnosis?
Either that you were sick or well so you didnt need a diagnosis
What kind of view did the Hippocratics have?
Holistic
What did Hippocratics think changing could help? (3)
- Diet
- Bath
- Ointments
What did Hippocratics believe in?
Environmental factors
- country side was more relaxing and helpful
What did laxatives do?
Made you poop
What did emetics do?
Made you vomit
What did narcotics do?
Relieved plain
What were 5 types of Hippocratic therapies?
- Change in diet ect
- Drugs
- Removing tumours
- Surgery
- Bloodletting
Why did you have to be quick in surgery? (3)
- Painful for the patient
- Increase for infection the longer they were open
- Blood loss
Bloodletting
Cutting the body to release blood and fix its unbalance
Scarificator
Device for cutting veins for therapeutic purposes
Who use to preform surgeries and bloodletting in Medieval Europe?
Barbers
- the red stripes on the barbers pole today originally represents bloody bandages
What might not be apart of the Hippocratic document?
Hippocratic oath
What 3 people had more human centred and theological interests?
- Socrates
- Plato
- Aristotle
Who was Aristotle?
One of the most influential philosophers and scientists in history
What was Socrates mainly interested in?
Ethical questioning
- shifted away from political and natural issues
What was Plato mainly interested in?
The natural world
What was Aristotle mostly interested in?
Nature
Where was Aristotle born?
Macedonia
Who was Aristotle’s father? And what was his profession?
- Nichomachus
- He was a physician
What happened to Aristotle after his father died?
Instead of learning to become a physician his uncle taught him about philosophy
- went into teaching
What kind of biology was Aristotle most interested in?
Marine biology
How did Aristotle think you learnt about the world?
By being in the world and not sitting and reading about it
How did Aristotle die? And where?
- In exile
- On the island of Chalcis
Who was Aristotle’s teacher and colleague?
Plato
What was Plato only interested in?
Abstract ideas and theology
What did Ernst Mayr accuse Plato of?
Impeding the progress if biology
How did Darwin influence Aristotle?
Through his anti-evolutionary
Plato’s theory of universals
There exist changeless, eternal, ideal form
What are mathematicions talking about when they talk about triangles?
He was thinking of these ideal triangles located in a higher spheres of existence
What does essential thinking refer to?
The idea we are talking about an unchanging ideal essence
- variation around us is less real/important/illusion
Essentialism
Idea of some essence or these ideal attributes extend to certain high people in the world
Population thinking
Variation is the only ideal form
- opposite to essentialist thinking
What are 5 examples of absolutist language today?
- The perfect pour
- Defining moment
- Ideal vacation
- Core values
- Sheer perfection
What was harmful to the development of biology by Plato?
His belief in teleological explanation
- explanation by intended purpose
- everything in the world was created by god with a rational plan in mind
