The Ancient World - MT1 - Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Nepotist

A

The practice among those with power or influence of favouring relatives or friends, especially by giving them jobs

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2
Q

What legend was said about Hippocrates and honey?

A

Honey on the hives growing on his tomb had healing qualities

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3
Q

What was Hippocrates begged to do?

A

Cure the king of Persia

- but was loyal to the Greeks so sent the gifts away

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4
Q

What did Hippocrates cure Democritus of?

A

His madness

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5
Q

What was Hippocrates writings called?

A

Hippocratic collection

- or Hippocratic corpus

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6
Q

Does most of Hippocrates writing still exist?

A

Yes

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7
Q

How many authors did Hippocrates have?

A

19

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8
Q

What was the underlying rule for Hippocratic medicine?

A

Treat all patients the same

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9
Q

What did the Hippocratics reject in medicine? (2)

A
  1. Religion

2. Supernatural

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10
Q

What did Hippocratics accept when the patient died?

A

That is was to the fault of the physician

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11
Q

What was epilepsy called in the ancient? And why?

A
  • Called the sacred disease

- They couldn’t explain it

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12
Q

What were Hippocratics suspicious of?

A

Broad theories

- theories that explained everything

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13
Q

What did Hippocratics have?

A

High ethical standards

- did not try and deceive their patients

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14
Q

What was the Hippocratic approach?

A

If they did not know how to cure something, they wouldnt do treatments just for the sake of treatments

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15
Q

What was the Hippocratic method? (5)

A
  1. Observe all using your senses
    - open to clues given off of by the patients
    - pragmatic approach
  2. Gather observations without prejudice of theory if expectation
    - had the patient help them
  3. Studied the patient rather than the disease
    - age, diet, sleeping habits and dreams
  4. Evaluated honestly
    - communicated with the patient
  5. Assisted nature to heal the patient
    - therapies were gentle
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16
Q

What did the Hippocratic physiology relate?

A

The 4-elements (or Empedocles) to the 4 humours (fluids) in the body

17
Q

What are the 4 humours?

A
  1. Blood
  2. Yellow bile
  3. Black bile
  4. Phlegm
18
Q

What did the Hippocratic pathway appeal to?

A

Imbalance of illness

19
Q

What were the phases of illness called?

A

Coction

20
Q

What did Rudolf Virchow replace imbalance of illness with?

A

Cellular physiology

21
Q

What did Rudolf Virchow think?

A

Thought your whole system isnt sick

- its because one or more of your cell types arent doing what they’re suppose to be doing

22
Q

What is an example of a sickness and why only part of is effects the whole body?

A
  • Diabetes

- The one cell type in the pancreas is not producing insulin

23
Q

What was Rudolf Virchow’s take on inheritance?

A

All parts of the body produce seed material

- traits in offspring arise from the mixing of male and female seed material (reproduction)

24
Q

Pangenesis

A

Was Charles Darwin’s hypothetical mechanism for heredity

- different parts of the body sent signals to your sex cells and those were passes to your offspring

25
Q

What anatomy and physiology based on? (2)

A
  1. Dissections
  2. Vivisections
  • of animals that extended to people
26
Q

Dissections

A

Cutting into a dead animal/person

27
Q

Vivisections

A

Cutting into a living animals/person

28
Q

Why were Hippocratics unable to dissect?

A

They were afraid of the spirits in the corpse

29
Q

Pneuma

A

The life giving principle of air

30
Q

What are the steps to Pneuma?

A

Pneuma enters the lungs, is taken to the left side of the heart and is distributed by the arteries to the body to sustain it

31
Q

What is the Chinese medical equivalent to pneuma?

A

Chi

32
Q

What are lungs connected to?

A

Blood

33
Q

What did early Hippocratics think the brain was?

A

A radiator that cools the blood and separates water and mucus

34
Q

What did the later Hippocratics think the brain was?

A

Thought it was the centre of thought and feeling