The Ancient World - MT1 - Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Nepotist

A

The practice among those with power or influence of favouring relatives or friends, especially by giving them jobs

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2
Q

What legend was said about Hippocrates and honey?

A

Honey on the hives growing on his tomb had healing qualities

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3
Q

What was Hippocrates begged to do?

A

Cure the king of Persia

- but was loyal to the Greeks so sent the gifts away

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4
Q

What did Hippocrates cure Democritus of?

A

His madness

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5
Q

What was Hippocrates writings called?

A

Hippocratic collection

- or Hippocratic corpus

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6
Q

Does most of Hippocrates writing still exist?

A

Yes

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7
Q

How many authors did Hippocrates have?

A

19

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8
Q

What was the underlying rule for Hippocratic medicine?

A

Treat all patients the same

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9
Q

What did the Hippocratics reject in medicine? (2)

A
  1. Religion

2. Supernatural

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10
Q

What did Hippocratics accept when the patient died?

A

That is was to the fault of the physician

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11
Q

What was epilepsy called in the ancient? And why?

A
  • Called the sacred disease

- They couldn’t explain it

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12
Q

What were Hippocratics suspicious of?

A

Broad theories

- theories that explained everything

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13
Q

What did Hippocratics have?

A

High ethical standards

- did not try and deceive their patients

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14
Q

What was the Hippocratic approach?

A

If they did not know how to cure something, they wouldnt do treatments just for the sake of treatments

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15
Q

What was the Hippocratic method? (5)

A
  1. Observe all using your senses
    - open to clues given off of by the patients
    - pragmatic approach
  2. Gather observations without prejudice of theory if expectation
    - had the patient help them
  3. Studied the patient rather than the disease
    - age, diet, sleeping habits and dreams
  4. Evaluated honestly
    - communicated with the patient
  5. Assisted nature to heal the patient
    - therapies were gentle
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16
Q

What did the Hippocratic physiology relate?

A

The 4-elements (or Empedocles) to the 4 humours (fluids) in the body

17
Q

What are the 4 humours?

A
  1. Blood
  2. Yellow bile
  3. Black bile
  4. Phlegm
18
Q

What did the Hippocratic pathway appeal to?

A

Imbalance of illness

19
Q

What were the phases of illness called?

20
Q

What did Rudolf Virchow replace imbalance of illness with?

A

Cellular physiology

21
Q

What did Rudolf Virchow think?

A

Thought your whole system isnt sick

- its because one or more of your cell types arent doing what they’re suppose to be doing

22
Q

What is an example of a sickness and why only part of is effects the whole body?

A
  • Diabetes

- The one cell type in the pancreas is not producing insulin

23
Q

What was Rudolf Virchow’s take on inheritance?

A

All parts of the body produce seed material

- traits in offspring arise from the mixing of male and female seed material (reproduction)

24
Q

Pangenesis

A

Was Charles Darwin’s hypothetical mechanism for heredity

- different parts of the body sent signals to your sex cells and those were passes to your offspring

25
What anatomy and physiology based on? (2)
1. Dissections 2. Vivisections - of animals that extended to people
26
Dissections
Cutting into a dead animal/person
27
Vivisections
Cutting into a living animals/person
28
Why were Hippocratics unable to dissect?
They were afraid of the spirits in the corpse
29
Pneuma
The life giving principle of air
30
What are the steps to Pneuma?
Pneuma enters the lungs, is taken to the left side of the heart and is distributed by the arteries to the body to sustain it
31
What is the Chinese medical equivalent to pneuma?
Chi
32
What are lungs connected to?
Blood
33
What did early Hippocratics think the brain was?
A radiator that cools the blood and separates water and mucus
34
What did the later Hippocratics think the brain was?
Thought it was the centre of thought and feeling