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Bio 400 - History of Biology > The Ancient World - MT1 - Part 2 > Flashcards

The Ancient World - MT1 - Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does atomism mean?

A

Uncuttable

  • a = non
  • tom = cuttable
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2
Q

What does Democritus represent?

A

The first period of Greek philosophy

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3
Q

What is Democritus most noted for?

A

Interest in the natural world for its own sake

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4
Q

How did Democritus learn atomism from?

A

His teacher Leucippus

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5
Q

What did Democritus become?

A

The foremost ancient atomist and religious skeptic

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6
Q

What was Democritus known as?

A

The laughing philosopher

  • didnt take anything seriously
  • was so happy people thought he was mentally ill
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7
Q

What are atoms infinite in? (2)

A
  1. Number

2. Shape

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8
Q

Do atoms have a linkage to the 4-elements?

A

No

- didnt associate atoms with elements

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9
Q

What did the qualities of matter derive from? (4)

A
  1. Number
  2. Size
  3. Shape
  4. Motion
  • of the atom
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10
Q

What did Democritus believe were the same thing? (2)

A
  1. Life

2. Soul

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11
Q

What does the soul consist of?

A

Fire atoms

- need them to keep alive

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12
Q

What brings in fresh supply of soul atoms?

A

Respiration from the air

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13
Q

What 3 things are due to a loss of soul atoms?

A
  1. Sleep
  2. Asphyxia
  3. Death
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14
Q

What is sensory perception due to?

A

The movement of atoms from the perceived object to the perceiver, interacting with soul atoms from the perceiver

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15
Q

What did Democritus believe the human brain was the organ of?

A

Thought

- not the blood

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16
Q

What did Democritus believe the heart was the organ of?

A

Courage

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17
Q

What did Democritus believe the liver was the organ of?

A

Sensuality

18
Q

Who did Democritus perform dissections on?

A

Animals

19
Q

What did Democritus think about insects?

A

Thought they had perfect parts, but they were too small to see anything

20
Q

What does Democritus believe?

A

That there are no divine beings

21
Q

What did Democritus believe governs the world? (2)

A
  1. Impersonal necessity

2. Natural law

22
Q

Athesis

A

Atomic view of nature

  • religious skeptic
  • did not believe in the supernatural
23
Q

What were 4 limitations of the first period of Greek natural philosophy?

A
  1. Philosophical reasoning
  2. No elaborate chemistry
  3. Not many ideas of force or energy
  4. Physics and chemistry were pretty thin
24
Q

Hippocratic oath

A

Is the most widely known Greek medical texts that requires a new physician to swear upon a number of healing gods that he will uphold a professional ethical standards

25
Q

Who was the first medical figure in history?

A

Hippocrates

26
Q

Where is Hippocrates come from?

A

The Island Cos

27
Q

Where would Hippocrates teach?

A

Under a hippocrate tree

28
Q

What did early Greek medicine focus on? (2)

A
  1. Religion

2. Magical cures

29
Q

Who is the god of medicine?

A

Asclepius

30
Q

What did secular healers call themselves?

A

Asclepiads

31
Q

What did Asclepiads not have?

A

Religious or magical orientation

32
Q

What did Asclepiads try and use?

A

Natural remedies involved in healing

33
Q

Who uses the symbol the staff of Asclepius? (3)

A
  1. Canadian Medical Association
  2. WHO
  3. US Army Medical Core
34
Q

What does the snake represent in the symbol?

A

Rejuvenation

- shedding of the skin

35
Q

What does the staff represent in the symbol?

A

Walking stick of traveling physicians

36
Q

What does the Guinea worm infect?

A

Your vessels

37
Q

What is a Guinea worm?

A

Its a nematode

38
Q

How do you treat Guinea worm?

A

Wait for the head of the worm to pop out of the body and slowly draw it out and wrap it around the stick

39
Q

Where is the snake/staff also found?

A

Nehushtan

40
Q

How many snakes does the wand of Hermies have?

A

2

- but there should only be 1 (so its wrong)

Bio 400 - History of Biology (33 decks)

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