TB- Foam Flashcards
When do u use low expansion foam?
Useful on fire and spills involving flammable and combustible material.
When do u use HI-EX foam?
Class A combustibles that are inaccessible to FF.
ex cellars and ship holds
Can u use HI-EX on outdoor flammable materials?
No suitable
What are the 3 advantages to foam?
Extinguishes progressively
Long lasting control
Prevent ignition
What are the foams the dept uses?
Fluoroprotein
Alcohol resistive protein (Floropolydol)
Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)
HI-EX
T/F Different types of foam concentrates are not compatible and should never be mixed for STORAGE.
True
ex tanks of foam carriers, tenders etc
Can u mix low and hi-ex foam together?
no
At an incident can u mix 2 different low expansion finishing foams due to the lack of quantity?
YES
ex fluroprotein and alchol
As we know there is 2 families of foam concentrates, What are they?
Protein Which consists of fluoroprotein and alcohol resistant fluroprotein.
Synthetic Which consists of AFFF and HI-EX
Does FDNY use protein foams?
No but may encounter at bulk plants.
IS protein foam effective on gasohol or polar solvents?
no
As we know foam that is still in the container is known as concentrate. When it is mixed with water it is foam _______.
Solution.
PS they like to play with those 2 words concentrate and solution. Was on previous LT test.
T/F AFFF is effective to use around pipes in the boiler room
Not effective as a precaution a foam line should be made ready
When foam rushes through the throat of an eductor it expands creating low pressure, What is this known as?
Venturi Effect it draws concentrate out of container up in tube and into eductor that is mixed with water
What type of foam blanket can the men operate in or near?
An aerated foam blanket.
Can u enter a AFFF foam blanket?
Avoid. Wait for a more stable blanket such as fluroprotein and alcohol resistant fluoroprotein. But fluoropolydol is preferred.
Foams are lighter designed to float. What are the 4 primary methods?
Smother
Suppress
Separates
Cools
Which foam is superior in preventing re-ignition and burn back?
Fluoroprotein and is most widely used in FD
it adhers to metal good for storage tanks
What type of foam do u use on gasoline?
Fluoropolydol is superior for both hydrocarbons
gasoline,fuel spill) as well as polar solvents (alcohol,ketones
Can u use floroprotein on polar solvents fuels such as alcohol and ketones
Not suitable
not effective on pure MTBE
Dry Chem and floroprotein are compatable, What is the pour point for floroprotein?
App 10 degrees good for north east climate.
Pour point floropolydol is 5 degrees.
Which spreads across a fire quicker AFFF or floroprotein?
AFFF
Fluoroprotein foam can not be used with salt water?
False u can use salt or fresh water
What rate is hydrocabons used at and what about polar solvents?
HYDrocarbons 3%
POLARS 6%
What is the preferred foam to use when entering a foam blanket?
Fluoropolydol
also great on metal but not brass, aluminum,plain steel and long term storage.
T/F AFFF had good resistance to flashback and burn-back.
False
poor resistance
Is AFFF suitable for reformulated gasoline, gashol or polar solvents?
Not suitable
What is AFFF excellent to use on?
fuel oil, kerosene and jet fuel products.
PS not good for hot metal tanks
What color bands? Fluroprotein Alcohol HI-EX AFFF
Brown
Green
Yellow
Black
T/F When two different types of concentrate mix or even 2 different brands of the same concentrate mix can have a destructive effect on the foam.
True
PS u can wreck a booster storage tank
Dry Chem MUST be used on what type of fire?
3 dimensional fire.
Apply the Dry Chem with the foam steam together so not to interrupt the blanket
Premixing of fluoroprotein is used in 2 situations?
Foam educator can not be used.
Pumper not connected to hydrant foam can back up into domestic water
Premixing of fluoroprotein into a 500 gal u use how many cans of concentrate?What about 750 gallon tank?
500 gallon use three 5-gallon cans.
750 gallon use four 5-gallon cans.
This produces 3% solution
What is considered a med size spill?
601 to 2000 sq ft.
PS this is not gallons
How o u control a small, med and large spill with foam.
Small- handline/eductor ex gas pump knocked.
Med- self-educting noz.with foam carriers (tankers)
Large- Master Stream Nozzles
Engines carry ______ cans of fluroprotein.
Ladder carry _____ cans of fluroprotein.
3
2
PS this will give u 65 gal. of concentrate ( do not fall for the word solution) and up to 3 foam handlines to control.
Foam educators flow _____ to ____ gpm.
95 to 120
EX oil burner outside box, auto spill, gas pump knocked over
Foam carrier App carry no water but carry _______ gal of floroprotein or alcohol resistant fluroprotein (fluropolydol) in the booster.
1000 gal
PS a max of 2 FF in Carrier
Foam carrier is excellent on ?
medium scale flammable and combustible liquid incidents such as overturned gasoline tank trucks.
Can a foam carrier supply concentrate to other units when conducting a direct attack on the fire.
No.
Satellite pumpers of foam have 3 main components?
2000 gpm
accompanying satellite app. has both 500 and 1000 gpm foam nozzles. The 500 can be placed directly on any 2 1/2 appliance including TL. The 1000 gpm needs special adapter for TL.
Satellite Foam units carry a _____ CFM HI-EX foam generator.
7500
PS they carry approx 32 5 gallon cans of HI-EX concentrate
Foam tender carries ____ gal of fluroprotein.
3000.
it’s purpose is to pump concentrate
At a major foam operation, Who must request a foam inventory through the dispatcher?
Foam Coordinator
General considerations at a combustible liquid spill such as app is parked up wind and ID product, What else?
Transmit 10-80 with code
ensure correct foam is present remember transmit 10-86 if beyond first alarm capabilities.
stretch foam handline and put into operation.
eliminate sources of ignition down wind
Request haz mat, rescue,squad
evacuate distaces in DOT ERG
When would u put a foam line into operation?
PS do not use concentrate unless u have enough
Product on fire
dealing with flammable liquid
personnel working in area
exposure problem
Tank is filled to the top with oil or gas it must be removed from the bottom but the product must be within how many feet from the top?
5ft
Apply the foam into the WINDOW it is located on the up wind side of tank
1st alarm assignments carry how many 5 gallon cans?
It will last app. ______ minutes.
13
This will cover app 600 sq ft. of fire
(20x30)
22 minutes
Liquid spill that is contained or not flowing, What do u do?
Bounce foam into fire.
Deflect steam so it slides down if neither works
direct stream skyward in a slow back and forth motion so it falls gently
Liquid spill that is flowing and not contained. What do u do?
Work against run of spill either directly or from flanks towards the source on the ground ahead of the fire so to bounce the foam. If it is running a heavy foam blanket below the point of fire. Or make a hole or dike.
If a product burning reaches the sewer, What do u do?
IF product is burning in sewer an no exposure problems let it burn off. IC notify DEP
A FF enters a foam blanket remember florprotein is the best, Where do u direct the stream of the FF moving in the blanket?
Back of his knees
Tank truck accident with a leak at the bottom of the tank what do u do?
PS if tanker can be moved without it leaking a engine will escort if within NYC
Allmost all flammables have a gravity less than 1. If there room at the top of the tank just add water to the tank and water will settle to bottom resulting in just a water leak
T/F Newer tankers use aluminum shell and older tankers are made of steel.
True
PS steel more likely to BLEVE aluminum most likely splits or will melt but can still BLEVE.
Tanker on fire and is intact It is extremely important to do what?
LCS on the vapor area in conjunction of stretching a foam hand line.
Have 2nd pumper hook up to hydrant so they will supply foam carrier.
Tanker on fire and rollover?
Satellite or TL with Angus foam cannon and position as CLOSE as possible to incident.
Airplane incidents requiring foam?
AFFF used by PAPD and Fluoroprotein used by us are compatible. AFFF will push the florprotein blanket aside. Constant reapplication is necessary
Airplane incident at the airport. One of our priorities is?
Supplying WATER to PAPD “larger” crash trucks
Airplane incident at airport, We are working in the vapor area with fuel present and a AFFF foam blanket was produced by PAPD. What do we do?
It is imperative to apply fluroprotein or alcohol resistant floroprotein OVER the AFFF.
IF outside the airport we got it.
If PAPD does not secure a knockdown at the airport, What is the next step?
Foam Carriers and/or foam cannons
Bulk oil tank Facilities it is important to set up how many TL’s?
At least 1 if possible leave access for satellite.
Bulk oil facilities, where would u find siamese?
On or around the pump house.
Which is more dangerous a oil tank full or partially full?
Partially full. Vapors more dangerous than product. Use water only when steaming. Stops steaming shut down line. Reason why we do not want to fill dikes with water.
The small tanks located near bulk oil tanks are pressurized, What is the tell tale sign?
Rounded ends. These MUST BE cooled. Operate from the sides of these tanks.
At bulk oil facilities, What are the signs of a serious BLEVE?
Pressure relief valve increases with noise and/or flame jet increases in height. Withdraw with all but unmanned lines.
Foam concentrate can be stacked how high?
No more than 2 high.
Shelf life for protein based foam is?
Shelf life for synthetic based foam is?
10
20 (AFFF and HI-EX)
Once it goes past those dates it is used for drill.
When foam is delivered to the depot, What is the officer looking for?
IF the date is stamped on the containers if not do it with an indelible marker. Remember to rotate foam. It has a shelf life.
Foam eductors cleaned for how long?
at least 15 min
PS test at MUD
Foam eductors are supplied by the ECC at what psi?
200psi
Place hand over the bottom of the foam tube and if u feel no suction. What do u do?
washers between pick up tube and educator.
educator prop valve NOT set at zero. check ball is not stuck in eductor
Under certain conditions HI-EX had been effective on?
Liquid Natural Gas fires
Suppression or minimizing the release of toxic/flam
vapors other than LPG
What is the expansion ratio to be considered HI-EX?
200/1 to 1000/1
ps bubbles are much larger and lighter than Low ex
What are limitation of HI-EX foam?
not used on alcohol or polar solvents.
frequent reapplication
poor burn back resistance
freezing weather could have adverse effects
Which can u use on HI-EX fresh or salt water?
Both
PS Yellow band and keep length of line short as possible
How do u ID a HI-EX eductor?
!’ yellow band painted AROUND throat.
PS higher the setting heavier the foam and quicker rate of consumption.
T/F HI-EX foam needs a small flow of water.
True
60gpm
Hi-EX is preferred when water is a premium.
HI-EX foam operation, How many psi do u supply the eductor with?
200-220 psi at inlet of foam eductor.
PS placement of 1 length from pumper is recommended position in most situations.
Foam chute applicator used to deliver HI-EX should be _________ ft larger than the mouth of the generator.
1ft larger
ps chute can not be located higher than generator and do not use generators facing each other.
T/F Ventilation during HI-EX ops is very important for extinguising capability?
Yes
both vertical and horizontal. proper expansion is dependent on supply of fresh air.
Entering a foam blanket, What is done with HT?
place microphone in turnout coat.
PS foam can cause detergent burns and is a irritant.
Important. What is the formula to determine the size of the generator needed for HI-EX?
PS Generators are equipped with 7,500CFM
ex.Building dimensions of 50x100 with 10ft ceilings or 50,000 cubic ft, now divide by 5, would require 10,000 CFM or combination of that. So generators are equipped to push 7,500. We would need 2 generators.
50x100=5000x10=50,000divide by 5= 10,000
Combustible liquid has a flash point of?
Flammable Liquid has a flash point of?
100 degrees or higher
below 100 degrees
Which type of foam is more superior AFFF or Floroprotein?
AFFF is superior it needs less time and solution
What psi do u pressurize the AFFF extinguisher at?
100
PS it can reach a distance of 35-40
Can AFFF freeze?
Yes it freezes at 32 degrees
PS abandoned extinguisher can be dangerous.
What types of fire would u use AFFF?
Special Class A fires and Class B
Class A fires, such as tires and small rubbish.
Class B fires, such as pit fires, car fire, flowing flammable liquid fire and grease fires.
How do u properly apply AFFF?
Not necessary to bank it off a backboard. Apply gently with finger over nozzle. Do not drive it directly through it might cause explosion.
As we know the 2 1/2 gallon extinguisher has to get recharged if not used within 1 year and remember to label date of recharge on ext. What is the proper procedure?
Get rid of residual pressure 1st then rinse throughly.
Add 2 gal of water.
Slowly add 10 ounces of AFFF concentrate.
Slowly add more water.
Cap and recharge to 100psi and invert to mix.
Spamco foam nozzle will flow ____ gpm at ____ psi _____ feet?
Akron foam nozzle will flow ____ gpm at ___ psi ____ feet?
Spamco 120 gpm Spamco 80 psi Spamco 50-75 ft Akron 120 gpm Akron 100 psi Akron 50-75 ft
What type of foam can u use with the spamco and akron nozzle?
3% fluroprotein
3% or 6% alcohol resistant fluroprotein
What size and what color tape indicates a spamco foam nozzle? Where on the nozzle is it located?
1” white band ABOVE the shut off.
Spamco foam educator 1” white band around throat.
What size hose and where do u use the the Akron 120 gpm?
2 1/2 hose
it can be used on 2 1/2 outlet on high caliber stream.
What is a disadvantage of the Akron foam nozzle?
no shutoff
Spamco foam educator is supplied at ____ psi at the educator. Also used with what type of foam?
200 psi
3% fluroprotein
3%-6% alcohol resistant fluroprotein foam
Spamco foam educator must be placed at least how many lengths from pumper?
1
The spamco foam educator can either of which 2 number on it?
What about the spamco HI-EX eductor?
regular educator is 4 or 400 with 1” white band around throat.
HI-EX educator is 2 or 200 with 1” yellow band around throat
Rinse water through for 15 min
Foam educator gpm is ?
Hi-EX educator gpm is?
95-120 gpm @ 200 psi
60 gpm@ 200 psi
HI-EX educator uses what type of foam?
3% HI-EX
Supply educator with ___ size hose @ least 1 lengths away from pumper?
With a max of ___ lengths of _____ from educator to nozzle?
2 1/2
4 lengths max of 1 3/4 { only 1 3/4 can be used}
At a foam op, the officer gives the command to start water and the nozzle will be opened fully and directed away from the fire until foam is flowing. The ECC will provide ___ psi at the _____.
200
educator
PS avoid opening and closing nozzle. The nozzle should be opened fully when in use.
T/F the nozzle can be operated at or above the level of the educator?
False. at or below.
When going higher than the educator foam will not flow.
Foam carrier stops at supply pumper and pull 3 1/2 hose to the pumper use the hose ending with ____ threads.
female.
When connected carrier proceeds as close to the operation or the 3 1/2 can be pre-stretched.
Does the foam carrier have a pre connected tube connected to pick up the foam?
yes
carrier tube is pre-connected. 1 ff on the deck of app. While the other stretch a 1 3/4 line from a pre-connected educator. This can be done quickly.
Foam carrier has a 1000 gal of concentrate in the booster that can last approx for _____ min educating at 3%.
80 min at 3%.
PS pumper should be only suppling carrier
PS ground mounted booster last 30 min @ 3%
T/F Stretch no less than 2 1/2 hose for a ground mounted foam cannon?
True
PS secure cannon with utility rope
Ground mounted foam cannon stretch _____ hose (size) from foam carrier to portable reservoir.
1 3/4
PS the chief officer in command of the fire will order water to be started
The ground mounted foam cannon pressure will depend on 2 things?
terrain
length of stretch
Ground mounted foam cannon, with a educator setting of 3 will use 35 gal of concentrate to produce ____ gal of solution?
970 gal
PS a 1000 gal booster will last 30 min
PS a 1000 gal booster for carrier will last 80 min@ 3%
Ground mounted foam op can the portable reservoir be filled with 5-gal cans?
Yes
What is preferred the foam tender or foam carrier?
Tender is preferred, it has 3 tanks of 1000 gal each.
Carrier has 1 tank of 1000 gal
Carrier can supply tender if the need arises
The foam cannon is capable of supplying ____ of finished firefighting foam.
1000
Modified foam cannon or Akron master stream foam nozzle evolution connect a FIMM pumper to a hydrant. What MUST be used?
4 1/2 back flow prevention valve
When supplying the TL with foam, Who gets or brings the necessary equipment to attach the nozzle?
TL FF’s go to satellite to get the stuff.
TL pointed away until foam started.
PS Satellite will stretch 5” hose to manifold the
2 - 3 1/2” lines will go to TL if no manifold. stretch 2 lines directly
Foam op from TL is the bucket manned or unmanned?
unmanned. Control will be done at pedestal.
TL foam op, does the 500 gpm master stream nozzle screw directly onto stang without any special tools?
Yes no special tools
PS the 1000 gpm nozzle uses special tools
TL foam op the Carrier/Tender will supply pumper with ____ hose?
1 3/4
PS in order to prevent back flow the pressure of the line should be 50 psi above hydrant press.
For a TL foam op, Who gives the order to start water?
Chief in charge
For a TL foam op, The cannon with flow of 500 gpm will use ______ gpm of concentrate and for 1000 gpm will use ___ gpm of concentrate.
15gpm for 500
30 gpm for 1000 ( will last app 30 min)
TL foam op, the base of the pumper should be supplied with _____ psi.
250 psi
PS a relay pumper must be at the base of TL to reach these pressures.
TL foam op. both pumper are in VOLUME and the relay pumper needs to to have a supply pressure of _____ psi to supply the TL with 250 psi.
80 psi
Approximately how many gallons of water is needed to supply the foam cannon.
app 1000
Angus foam cannon attached to a setellite can can produce foam at a height of ____ feet and a distance of ____ feet?
80’ height
180’ distance
Resupply a foam system, connect a 1 3/4 line to the rear inlet of carrier and stretch to mini manifold. This mini manifold has ___ outlets?
3
PS the mini manifold is used in REVERSE
What is a nurse truck?
Carriers or Tenders connected into mini manifold with 1 3/4.
PS 1 nurse truck at a time will re- supply carrier or tender
Re-supply of the foam system is under who?
Foam coordinator
PS a separate radio frequency should be utilized.
