Taxpayers also 38/68 build code Flashcards
A force PERPENDICULAR to supporting member, EVENLY APPLIED to bearing structure?
Axial Load
PS eccentric does not pass through the center and load NOT EVENLY applied
A course of brick built out from the face of a wall, as steps in reverse?
Corbelling
Loads exerted outwardly on a horizontal plane?(walls usually not designed for this?
Lateral load
What are the dimensions of Gypsum Plank?
2" thick 2' wide 8' long supported at 4' intervals or 7' if heavy gauge steel edged plate used
When masonry surfaces lose layers of mass, exposed to heat?
Spall
Tax, What class do they fall under?
Class 3
exterior firewalls
interior wood
Tax, What is the most common size?
Approx 100x100
Tax, What are the years they are divided into?
1900-1920 remove decorative cornice usually 1 story some 2 story 1920-1960 most prevalent, usually 2 story, remove decorative cornice usually no 1960-present
Which tax is most prevalent?
20’s-60’s
Tax, 1920’s are usually how many stories?
Usually 1 some are 2
Would be considered wood frame building with exterior masonry walls, tin ceilings
Tax, What years building would u be able to remove decorative cornice?
1900-1920’s
Tax, 20-60’s are how big?
many are 2 stories- 1 tenant occupancy/ various stores on 1st fl.
Tax, 20-60’s Are there fire walls?
MAY HAVE
Variable termination points
Tax, 20-60’s does removing cornice provide access to cockloft?
In most cases no.
Tax, 60’s-present What major difference would be in in this type of construction?
Steel Bar Joists replaced wood.
T/F Newest tax have floor&roof made of poured concrete on top of metal decking?
True
PS roofs also concrete slabs or fibrous material
ALL have poured pitch&gravel covering
Mezzanines are found in some taxpayers and the ceiling height would be considered?
Below average
access wooden stairs or ladder seldom another means of access
Taxpayers, sprinkler protection for
1938 exceeding ________ ft
1968 exceeding ________ ft
10,000
7,500
Tax. Sprinklers 2008 Group M- mercantile FULL building exceeding _____ sq ft or combined all fl and mezz exceeds _______ sq. ft
12,000
24,000
Tax. Sprinklers 2008 Group M- Mercantile Occupancy WITHIN a building exceeding _______ sq. ft
7500 sq ft. PS same as 1968 code
Also any area of any size 3 stories above grade
Also in HIRI building
Also UNenclosed stair/elevator connecting 2 or more fl.
Tax. Cocklofts Size?
4 inches to 6 feet
46 truck has a lot of taxpayers.
Tax. Most common roofs& floors?
Tongue&Groove boards
or
Plywood
What is sometimes found under the tarpaper
of older taxpayers?
Tin
Tax. roof joist are @ approx ______ ft intervals.
20’
ps in older truss it is spaced 10-20 ft
Tax, Why do they invert, raise or reverse roof?
Drainage
ps sometimes an INVERTED roof creates an additional cockloft
Trusses 2 major members?
Top chord
Bottom chord
PS webs in between
Tax. What are the most prevalent in modern construction in relation to LW Parallel Chord Truss
Open Web Joist
Steel Bar Joist
Tax. Wooden bowstring truss must be put in CIDS. What is abbreviation?
BWSTRG
PS hump like roof. Longer Span= Higher Bow
Tax. Testing has concluded that decreased strength in wooden bow string truss may only support ____% of the load originally calculated.
40%
pS this is geared towards the BOTTOM chord
Tax. Snow loads would be consider _______ load.
F.F load on roof would be considered _____ load.
Eccentric
Live
PS FF jumping is an impact load
T/F Failure of 1 truss can cause failure of the entire truss?
True
Tax. In older truss roof buildings are spaced ______ ft?
10’-20’ apart
PS beams installed between the truss to support roof covering
PS roof joist 20’
Tax. Do wood truss roofs get saggy or spongy?
NO, they fail without warning.
PS steel-stretches
wood-snaps
Do open web steel joist have a fire resistance rating?
no
PS rating depends on ceiling finish& finish roofing
Steel open web joists span _____ ft?
up to 60 ft
PS planks are staggered and may not end on roof supports.
Steel open web joists may collapse in ______ minutes if unprotected.
5-10 min
T/F “I” beams protruding above roofs also roofs built in step fashion are good signs of fire walls?
False, the side walls are made of wood sheathing and are detected by striking them with a tool.
Tax. Stability of masonry walls are very dependent on ___________.
integrity of the roof
(acts as a monolithic brace)
Also the load being concentrated in a VERTICAL
direction in the wall.
Tax
concrets walls ______
brick walls _______
hinge
crumble/breaks
T/F Front parapet walls are often supported laterally for long distances only receiving support at ends where they tie into crosswalls.
false
UNsupported
Tax. When observing walls, place a member where to observe if walls are out of plumb?
corner
Tax.T/F Interior partition walls are not fire stopped at the floor & ceiling by wood sills & plates?
False
usually are fire stopped
Tax. Canopies/ Marquees 12’x24’ marquee 4’ deep app. _________ tons of water.
35
ps attached to inside of building to combustible material Required drainage usually ineffective.
Tax. I BEAMS
50’ beam @ 970f= ____ stretch
100’ beam @ 1000f= _____ stretch
4”
9 1/2”
Tax. When I beams are heated to 1000- 1500f strength drops dramatically these temps can be reached in _________ minutes
5-10 min.
PS for smaller beam sections 30 min to beyond strength limitations.
Tax. Will cooling a beam regain its strength?
yes, under normal situations do not hesitate to cool these members. it will contract to original length.
Tax. Cast iron columns fail on an average of ____
minutes.n
about 30 min
Tax. Failure of a column is generally ____ serious than a girder or beam.
more
Tax. T/F Failure of a column in the cellar can cause the subsequent collapse of the floors and the roof.
True
Tax. Suspended ceilings u may find as many as ______ dropped ceilings in a particular store.
2 or 3
Tax. Does heavy wire lath & plaster or tin fall as a unit or multiple pieces?
It falls in 1 piece
PS sheetrock hinges in 1 piece
Tax, Due to its weight and ability to conceal fire/smoke,What would be the type of floor we are talking about?
terrazzo/concrete sometimes placed over wooden joists
Tax. How would u access the basement other than exterior and interior entrances?
paneling under display windows offers vent /steam operation.
PS especially in older types
Tax T/F In newer construction concrete floors at ground level and basements are prevalent?
False
with no basement or cellars
Tax. Cellar ceilings are required to be fire _______.
retarded but plaster ceilings make it deficient.
PS Partitions between walls in cellars are flimsy so there is no fire stopping.
Tax. Security doors in the _____ position give added weight.
OPEN
PS FLUSH type siamese could be cover by these gates.
Tax. Doors in RESIDENTIAL installation could weigh
_______.
150 -400 pounds
Commercial will be larger
Tax T/F Forcing overhead doors that have lost spring tension makes it easier/
False may be futile
Tax. Smaller store have usually how many exits points?
What about larger?
usually 1
2 means, costumers only aware of 1
Tax Newer type roofs are constructed of what material?
Bar Joists
Light Weight Steel
Flat Wood Trusses
Tax. Who has the greater life hazard during all hours 1 story or 2 story
2 story (Clubs, Dance Halls,etc)
Tax. When talking about collapse what must u consider? 3 factors
Type of Construction
Intensity of Fire
Duration of exposed STRUCTURAL members
Tax. Which type of load has the greatest impact?
Impact, Static or Stationary
Impact
Read 4.2 Causes/ Warning signs of Collapse
4.2
Tax. What would be a major warning sign for collapse? Do not confuse this with causes.
Heavy fire burning out of control for 20 min or more. same goes for an inability to make headway within that time.
Tax. 1 cubic foot of brick work weighs about _____?
100 pounds
Tax. Would this be considered a cause or a warning sign, spongy/soft feeling on roof?
Warning Sign
NEW 2009
Tax. It is recommended to attack a smoke shop with 3 things in mind?
2 1/2 line
Extreme Caution
Consider knock down from sidewalk
Backdrafts 3 basic factors?
Combustibles
oxygen
heat
( do not fall for fire)
T/F Backdrafts dense black smoke is due to lack of o2, small quantities of free carbon and CO.
False large quanties
What are the colors associated with backdraft?
dirty brown,yellow brown,gray yellow
and dense black smoke.
Tax. What area of the building is particular vulnerable to backdraft?
cellar/storage area
PS u only need 25% of its space to contain the explosive mixture.
Tax. What is the most effective way to protect FF from backdraft?
open roof or area directly over the fire.
PS if horizontal is done 1st backdraft is greatly increased.
Tax.T/F It may be preferable depending on conditions to vent the front windows and allow the gases to ignite prior to entry?
True (new)