T4: Lecture 1

Question 1

What is psychopathology?

Answer 1

Study of mental health disorders

Question 2

What are the 5 elements of abnormal behaviour?

Answer 2

1. Infrequency
2. Deviance
3. Distress
4. Disability
5. Danger

Question 3

What is meant by infrequency in terms of abnormal behaviour?

Answer 3

Statistical infrequency among the population, doesn’t exist in ‘normal individuals’

Question 4

What is meant by deviance in terms of abnormal behaviour?

Answer 4

Behaviours are abnormal if the behaviour deviates from social standards

Question 5

What did Thomas Szasz say about mental disorders in terms of deviance?

Answer 5

That mental disorders are societal projections on individuals who don’t conform to social standards

Question 6

What is meant by distress in terms of abnormal behaviour?

Answer 6

People are suffering and have desire to discontinue their behaviour

Question 7

For individuals to have distress about their symptoms what do they have about their situation?

Answer 7

They have insight into their symptoms

Question 8

What is meant by disability in terms of abnormal behaviour?

Answer 8

Behaviours/emotions/thoughts impair individuals from functioning

Question 9

What is meant by danger in terms of abnormal behaviour?

Answer 9

Presenting harm to self or others

Question 10

What are the 5 types of psychological treatments?

Answer 10

1. Psychodynamic (analytic)
2. Behavioural
3. Humanistic
4. Cognitive-Behavioural
5. Inter-grated Electic

Question 11

What does psychodynamic treatment focus on?

Answer 11

The past

Question 12

Psychodynamic: What is the view of behaviour?

Answer 12

The it is driven/motivated by powerful unconscious inner forces

Question 13

Psychodynamic: What are psychological difficulties seen to be caused by?

Answer 13

Psychological difficulties as stemming from unresolved tension based on early life trauma/conflicts/frustrations/deprivations

Question 14

Psychodynamic: What is the goal?

Answer 14

• Identify subconscious ‘hidden blocks’ that have developed as result of past conflicts
• Guide patients to discover relationship between root cause and current symptoms

Question 15

Behavioural: What is the focus?

Answer 15

On the present

Question 16

Behavioural: What do they work on?

Answer 16

Modify problem behaviour through conditioning principles

Question 17

Behavioural: What treatment techniques are focussed on?

Answer 17

• Exposure
• Reinforcement
• Ignoring
• Punishment

Question 18

Behavioural: What is the goal?

Answer 18

• Extinguish non-productive/upsetting behaviours

- Reinforce desirable behaviours

Question 19

Cognitive: What is the focus?

Answer 19

Focuses on HOW and WHAT we think

Question 20

Cognitive: What do they claim influences how we feel about a situation?

Answer 20

How we interpret a situation (thought) influences how we feel about the situation
-Thoughts->emotions

Question 21

Cognitive: What is the goal?

Answer 21

• Identify maladaptive thoughts
• Challenge these thoughts
• Replace with more adaptive thoughts

Question 22

Humanistic: What is the focus?

Answer 22

Focus on teaching patient to seek fulfilment and reach potential
-Self actualisation

Question 23

Humanistic: What is the goal?

Answer 23

Help the patient discover then achieve their potential

Question 24

What is electic therapy?

Answer 24

Involves techniques from various therapies to have treatment best suited to the case

Question 25

Electic: What is the goal?

Answer 25

• Meet individual patient need

- Mix/match techniques