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PSYC112 > T2: Lecture 4 > Flashcards

T2: Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 things influence how social development is acheived?

A
  1. Social Learning Theory
  2. Cognitive Development Theory
  3. Parents
  4. Peer Relationships
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2
Q

What is the Social Learning Theory?

A
  • Learning to do things by watching others do them

- Deferred/Immediate imitation

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3
Q

What is the Cognitive Development Theory?

A
  • Cognition drives social
  • To be able to imitate, must understand actions first
  • Includes TOM and Egocentrism
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4
Q

What do parents do to influence SD?

A

-Teach right from wrong and how to interact with others

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5
Q

What are the two dimensions of parenting?

A
  1. Demanding=expectations for a child

2. Responsiveness=how in tune they are with the child

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6
Q

What parenting style does High Demanding and High Responsiveness give?

A

Authoritive

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7
Q

What parenting style does High Demanding and Low Responsiveness give?

A

Authoritarian

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8
Q

What parenting style does Low Demanding and High Responsiveness give?

A

Permissive

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9
Q

What parenting style does Low Demanding and Low Responsiveness give?

A

Disengaged

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10
Q

At what age do peer relationships form?

A

Age 2 friendships form, tend to not interact but play next to each other

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11
Q

What are the two components of Emotional Development?

A
  1. Understanding others’ Feelings

2. Emotional Regulation

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12
Q

What portrays basic emotion?

A

Facial Expressions

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13
Q

At what age can children recognise facial expression and vocal tone not matching?

A

6 months old

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14
Q

Is emotional regulation innate?

A

No it has to be learnt

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15
Q

How do children emotionally regulate?

A
  • Babies rely on parents

- Children find strategies

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16
Q

What is moral behaviour?

A

Behaviour conforming to generally accepted rules

17
Q

What is moral behaviour in children initially driven by?

A

Consequences

18
Q

How does the Principle of Minimal Efficiency apply to consequences?

A

We don’t need to employ really harsh consequences to get faster internalisation of the moral rules

19
Q

What is moral behaviour in children eventually driven by?

A

Learning to do the right thing (proactive/empathy)

20
Q

What are the 5 stages in the progression of empathy?

A
  1. Empathetic distress
  2. Offering Help
  3. Offering what they would want in that situation
  4. Offering what the person would want
  5. Realising helping others can disadvantage themselves
21
Q

What did Kohlber’s theory do?

A
  • Looking at morality of boys 10-17

- Reasoning of choice got them classified into levels

22
Q

What are the three levels in Kohlber’s Theory?

A
  1. Pre-Conventional Level
  2. Conventional Level
  3. Post-Conventional Level
23
Q

What is the Pre-Conventional Level based on?

A

That behaviour is based on external sanctions e.g. authority/punishment

24
Q

Stage 1 (Pre-Conventional Level) shows

A
  • Morality of punishment and obedience

- >Children obey authority and avoid punishment

25
Q

Stage 2 (Pre-Conventional Level) shows

A
  • Morality of naive instrumental hedonism

- >Behaviours guided egocentrically by pleasantness of consequences to them

26
Q

What is the Conventional Level include?

A

Includes understanding that the social system has interest in peoples behaviour

27
Q

Stage 3 (Conventional Level) shows

A
  • Morality of maintaining good relations

- >children want to be regarded as good people

28
Q

Stage 4 (Conventional Level) shows

A
  • Morality of maintaining social order

- >social framework maintains order and must be obeyed

29
Q

What is the Post-Conventional Level state?

A

Moral rules have underlying principles that apply to all situations and societies

30
Q

Stage 5 (Post-Conventional Level) shows

A

Morality of social contracts

->Individual rights can overtake laws

31
Q

Stage 6 (Post-Conventional Level) shows

A

Morality of universal ethical principles

->Internal laws

32
Q

What are the 4 things to consider when evaluating Kohlber’s Theory?

A
  1. Effect of wording changes
  2. Different scenario=different results
  3. Cultural and gender bias
  4. Correlation between moral reasoning and moral conduct

PSYC112 (37 decks)

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