Cluster B Flashcards
What does Cluster B (dramatic) include?
- Antisocial PD
- Boarderline PD
- Histrionic PD
- Narcissistic PD
What is the general behaviour displayed by Cluster B disorders?
Disorders display dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviour
What are the behaviours associated with Antisocial PD?
Requires 3 of 7 symptoms
- Disregard for social norms
- reckless behaviour
- Impulsive
- Irresponsible
- Prone to anger/aggression
- Deceitfulness and manipulative
- Lack of guilt or remorse
What other disorder must individuals have evidence for before being diagnosed with Antisocial PD?
Must have evidence of CONDUCT disorder before age 15
What is the clear component in Antisocial PD?
- Developmental component
- Evolves in adolescents
What does the diagnosis for Antisocial PD focus on?
Behavioural aspect
What is the alternative diagnosis for Antisocial PD?
Psychopathy
What are the INTERPERSONAL deficits of Psychopathy?
- Superficial charm
- Grandiosity
- Social potency (dominate/manipulate others)
- Low anxiety
What are the AFFECTIVE deficits of Psychopathy?
- Shallow emotions
- Lack of empathy, guilt, remorse
- Inability to form deep relationships
- Fearlessness
What is the etiology for Factor 1 (interpersonal/affective)
UNDER active amygdala
- Causes poor fear conditioning
- Inabiltiy to read distress cues
- MRI shows lower volume in the amygdala
What is the etiology for Factor 2 (antisocial behaviour)
UNDER active orbitofrontal cortex
- Disinhibition
- Poor emotional decision making
What disorder has high co-morbidity with Antisocial PD?
ADHD
What are the three components to Borderline PD?
- Instability of self-image and relationships
- Affective instability
- Impulsive, unpredictable, and destructive behaviour
(Borderline PD) What are the elements to Instability of self-image and relationships?
- Identity disturbance, identify by who’s around them
- Intense interpersonal attachments
- Cyclic Isolation vs devaluation of an individual
(Borderline PD) What are the elements to Affective Instability?
- Dysmorphia and chronic feeling of emptiness
- Prolonged/violent emotional outburst
- Extreme emotion response to abandonment
- Reaction intensity is disproportionate to the situation
(Borderline PD) What are the elements to Impulsive, Unpredictable, and destructive behaviour?
- Bouts of anger/violence
- Suicidal gestures
- Substance abuse
- Reckless behaviour
What is the psychodynamic etiology of Borderline PD?
- Involves early parent relationships
- Object relation->lack of early acceptance by parents
What is the biopsychosocial etiology of Borderline PD?
Invalidating childhood environments
What is the treatment for Borderline PD?
Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)
What are the symptoms of Histrionic PD?
- Extremely dramatic
- Shallow emotions
- Centre of attention->engage in attention seeking behaviours
- Vain, self-centred, demanding
Issues with Histrionic PD
- Highly gender biases
- No defining symptoms
- No research on etiology or treatment
What are the symptoms of Narcissistic PD?
- Grandiose
- Lacking empathy
- Expect constant admiration and attention
- Associate themselves with superiority
- Appear arrogant, exaggerate their achievements
What is the Vulnerable Narcissistic PD?
Individuals have underlying fragile self esteem, more of a front
What is the Grandiose Narcissistic PD?
Truly believe/feel all the symptoms
What is the psychodynamic eitology for Narcissistic PD?
Due to cold and rejecting parents causing the Narcissistic Paradox (reaction formation), underlying self esteem but puts on grandiose front
What is the behavioural/cognitive eitology for Narcissistic PD?
Too much positive reinforcement when growing up
What are the treatments for Narcissistic PD?
No known/scientifically valid treatments as individuals with the disorder don’t believe they have a problem
-Individuals will present to the clinician with depression due to rejection from others
