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ACLAM > Swine > Flashcards

Swine Flashcards

1
Q

Give the genus and species of the swine

A

Sus scrofa domestica

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2
Q

To what Order and Family to swine belong

A

Artiodactyla, Suidae

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3
Q

When do swine reach sexual maturity

A

5-6 months

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4
Q

Name some commonly used breeds of miniature swine

A

Yucatan, Göttingen, Hanford, Sinclair, Hormel

30-50kg at sexual maturity (4-6months)

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5
Q

Where is the vaso vasorum located in a swine

A

aorta

true vv like that of humans

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6
Q

Name the muscular out pouching found in the stomach of the swine

A

torus pyloric

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7
Q

Where are germinal centers located within the lymph nodes of the swine?

A

they are inverted compared to other species, germinal centers are in the internal portion

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8
Q

T or F. Pigs are polyestrous

A

T. estrous cycle of 21d

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9
Q

What type of placenta do swine have?

A

epitheliochorial.

require colostrum for passing of antibodies

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10
Q

What is the gestation period of the swine

A

114 days

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11
Q

What is the common cause of microcytic hypo chromic anemia in swine

A

iron deficiency

treat IM within 48 hours of farrowing to prevent iron deficiency anemia

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12
Q

Describe the characteristics of the virus referred to as Porcine circovirus-2

A

DNA virus, nonenveloped, smallest virus known to infect mammals, resistant to disinfection in the environment

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13
Q

What is the viral pathogen implicated in Postweaning, multi systemic wasting syndrome

A

Porcine circovirus-2
progressive wt loss, lethargy, diarrhea, resp disease, anemia
botryoid inclusion bodies

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14
Q

What serotypes of Salmonella are most likely to cause primary disease in a swine?

A

S. enterica ser. Cholreaseis

S. enterica ser. Typhimurium

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15
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Glasser’s disease in swine?

A

Heamophilus parasuis

  • enzootic in many herds, minimal clinical signs
  • in susceptible herds, fever, anorexia, coughing, lameness, death
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16
Q

What is the etiologic agent of erysipelas (diamond skin disease)?

A

Erysipelothrix rhusipatiae
gram positive rod (bacillus)
penicillin-tx of choice

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17
Q

What is the common name for pseudorabies

A

Aujeszky’s disease

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18
Q

What is the etiologic agent of pseudorabies?

A

Suid herpesvirus 1
alphaherpes virus
-can be subclinical/latent in host (pig), or cause neurologic signs and death relevant to age, worse in young
-death (within 3 days) in other species- dog, cats ruminants primates

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19
Q

To what viral family does the ubiquitous Porcine Teschovirus belong

A

Picornoviridae

  • no herd shown to be free of it
  • sporadic disease, fecal oral, polioencephyomyleitis,enteric disease
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20
Q

What is the etiologic agent of swine dysentery?

A

Brachyspira hyzdysenteriae

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21
Q

How many images of Lawsonia intracellular in pigs are in the blue book?

A

5! Seems important

22
Q

Describe the characteristics of L. intracellular

A
  • obligate intracellular pathogen
  • organism may be seen in apical cytoplasm of intestinal glandular enterocytes
  • silver staining and acid fast staining
23
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Transmissible Gastroenteritis?

A

-Alphacoronavirus 1

24
Q

List 4 coronaviruses that affect pigs

A
  • TGEV- alphacoronavirus 1
  • PRCV-porcive resp corona virus
  • Heamagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus
  • Porcine Epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)
25
Q

Which one of the cornoviruses that affect pigs has been declared a reportable disease as of 2014?

A

PEDV (Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus)

26
Q

What species are vectors for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus?

A

Mice and cats

27
Q

What are 3 etiologic agents that contribute to porcine Atrophic rhinitis

A

Pasturella multocida
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Hemophillus parasuis

28
Q

What environmental factors may play a role in atrophic rhinitis?

A

High ammonia levels (50-100ppm)

Dust

29
Q

T or F. Swine Influenza viruses are species specific

A

F. They are likely to infect humans, birds and other species

30
Q

What pathogenic organism of the pig may be found within or attached to the outer surface of erythrocytes

A

Mycoplasma suis

31
Q

What are the clinical signs and treatment for Mycoplasma suis

A
  • Anemia (may be severe/death), fever

- Oxytetracycline (may not eliminate organism, but alleviate clinical signs)

32
Q

How is Mycoplasma suis transmitted between pigs

A
  • direct blood contact
  • blood sucking arthropods
  • open wounds
  • use of contaminated equipment btw pigs
33
Q

Name the only species of louse that affect the pig

A

Heamatopinus suis

34
Q

What is the most significant ectoparasite of swine

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

35
Q

List some differential diagnosis for causes of reproductive losses

A

PPV- porcine parvo virus
PRRS- Porcine reproductive and resp syndrome
Brucellosis suis
Leptospirosis

36
Q

Give the characteristics of the etiologic agent of PRRS

A

-Arterivirus, ssRNA (same as Lactate Dehydrogenase-elevating virus in mice)

37
Q

What are the clinical signs of PRRS

A

Pregnant- abortion, delayed partition, premature farrowing

Newborn- dyspnea, tachypnea

38
Q

To what family does the etiologic agent of foot and mouth disease belong?

A

-Picornaviridae

39
Q

How is foot and mouth disease transmitted

A

-through open wounds on the skin, contact of MM, ingestion of contaminated feed
aerosol

40
Q

What are the clinical sigs of foot and mouth dz

A

-fever, vesicles around the mouth, intradigital or coronary band lesions on the feet (lame, dog-sitting pigs)

41
Q

T or F. Foot and mouth is a reportable disase

A

T

42
Q

What other disease in swine, which is indistinguishable from Foot and Mouth disease, is also reportable.

A

Vesicular stomatitis

  • vesciulovirus, Rhabdoviridae
  • Zoonotic
43
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Classical Swine Fever (aka Hog Cholera)
Is it reportable?

A

-Flavivirus, pestivirus

Yes

44
Q

Name the paramyxovirus for which pigs are an amplifying host, is zoonotic and currently listed as a BSL-4

A

Nipah

45
Q

Name the mutation in pigs responsible for porcine stress syndrome

A 
Ryanodine receptor (RYR), calcium-release channel protein
-results in hypersenstive triggering of the calcium release channel- lack of proper calcium control
46
Q

What are the 5 breeds of swine most susceptible

A
  • Landrace
  • Yorkshire
  • Duroc
  • Peitrain
  • Poland China
47
Q

What is the mode of inheritance of a mutated RYR, in porcine stress syndrome

A

autosomal recessive, variable penetrance

48
Q

What is the mechanism of action of dantrolene

A

-decrease the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

49
Q

What is the most common cause of salt toxicity in pigs

A

water deprivation and rehydration

-osmotic pressure causes water to be drawn into the CNS

50
Q

What are the histologic findings associated with salt toxicity

A

eosinophilic cuffing of the meningeal and cerebral vessels

51
Q

In what part of the stomach do gastric ulcerations typically occur in the pig.

A

pars oesophagea

-contains no glands, covered by sq epithelium

ACLAM (32 decks)

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