JAALAS Sep 2016 random questions

Question 1

A recent study indicates that embryo transfer in mice may have an effect on emotional behaviors of male or female offspring

Answer 1

Females more sensitive than males

Question 2

T or F

A rhesus transgenic model of Huntington disease has been established

Answer 2

T.

The animals have just reached puberty and attempts at sperm collection and preservation are in process

Question 3

What is the current optimal freezing material used for sperm preservation?

Answer 3

TEST extender (egg yolk + TES+ Tris buffer)

Question 4

In a recent study TEST EQ was determined to be a better freezing extender for transgenic rhesus sperm.
What is TEST EQ?

Answer 4

Contains the detergent Equex paste, to increase acrosome and membrane integrity

Question 5

What is the primary route of sensible water loss in mice?

Answer 5

Urine (sweat in minimal since they lack sweat glands, except in the foot pad)

Question 6

What is the source of insensible water loss?

Answer 6

Respiratory route and skin, independent of physiologic state

Question 7

How is TEWL (trans epidermal water loss) measured?

Answer 7

Using an evaporimeter (aka TEWL probe)

Question 8

Are the SKH strain of mice haired or nude?

Answer 8

immunocompetent hairless mice

Question 9

T or F

This recent study shows significantly higher TEWL in C57 compared to other strains studied

Answer 9

T

Question 10

List some of the antioxidant enzymes in the body, used to combat ROS (Reactive oxygen species)

Answer 10

Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase

Question 11

Which anti oxidant enzyme is able to transform H2O2 into water?

Answer 11

Glutathione peroxide (GSH-Px)

Question 12

Malondialdhyde is a break down product of what body tissue?

Answer 12

polyunsaturated lipids

Question 13

What is the recommended time of recovery following transport for cynomolgus monkeys to recover from oxidative stress associated with transport?

Answer 13

21d

Question 14

What is the most commonly isolated pinworm to naturally infect laboratory rodents?

Answer 14

Aspiculuris tetraptera

Question 15

Aspicularis can elicit a Th1 or Th2 response from the host ?

Answer 15

Th2

Question 16

Does Aspicularis have a direct or indirect life cycle?

Answer 16

direct

Question 17

What is the lifespan of adult Aspiculuris?

Answer 17

45-50d, reside in the proximal colon

produce eggs multiple time during the lifespan (unlike syphacia which produce only once)

Question 18

T or F

Aspicularis eggs are readily detectable on fecal floatation.

Answer 18

T

Adult worms shed eggs in the mucus covering the rodent feces

Question 19

What is the pre patent period of the Aspicularis eggs

Answer 19

21-25d

5-8d to embryonate

Question 20

Are male or female mice more susceptible to heavy pinworm burdens?

Answer 20

Male

Question 21

This recent articles suggests the following improvements to using fecal flotation for diagnosis of Aspiculuris:

Answer 21

• soaking the eggs for 30min prior to mixing
• 15min floatation period
• collect at least 20 pellets per come or the entire overnight fecal output
• time of day, sex, housing conditions did not have an effect
• younger mice often yield better results on fecal flotation

Question 22

This recent study determined that intraperitoneal CRI of KXA was successful at providing prolonged continuous surgical anesthesia and immobility in mice.

Answer 22

isoflurane is still more effective, but when this is not available IP CRI may be more useful than bolus repeated dosing

Question 23

Is ketamine an NDMA agonist or antagonist?

Answer 23

antagonist

binds to the phencyclidine receptor and blocks the NMDA receptor channel

Question 24

Name the hepatic microsomal enzymes that metabolize ketamine

Answer 24

CYP3A4

Question 25

This recent study indicates an effect of ketamine on energy and amino acid metabolism in cynomolgus macaques

Answer 25

specifically metabolites related to glycolysis and glyconeogenesis pathways
-Serum levels of lactate, a-glucose and myoinositol and urine levels of lactate pyruvate and succinate were decreased

Question 26

What is the biologic half life of ketamine?

Answer 26

2.5-3hour

Question 27

Genus species of the rainbow trout

Answer 27

Oncorhynchus my kiss

Question 28

What is the mechanism of action of Meditomidate in fish?

Answer 28

binds to GABAa receptor, enhances its function causing hypnotic and immobilized state

Question 29

What is the mechanism of action to Tricaine Methanseulfonate?

Answer 29

binds to sodium channels and reduces depolarizing current

Question 30

A recent study determined that exposure of rainbow trout to TMS or Metidomidate prior to euthanasia did not influence contractility of myocardium

Answer 30

T

Question 31

What does the submental region refer to with regard to blood collection from mice?

Answer 31

the vasculature under the chin

Question 32

Genus species of the land snail

Answer 32

Succinea putrid

Question 33

From the recent JAALAS article what is an acceptable method to euthanize terrestrial invertebrates

Answer 33

Anesthetize first with low percentage alcohol (beer or 5%) for 10min, then euthanize in 70-95% etoh or 10%formalin

Question 34

What is the mechanism of action of Alphaloxine

Answer 34

Bind to GABAa cell surface receptors

may cause hypotension