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ACLAM > Mice > Flashcards

Mice Flashcards

1
Q

What is the common abbreviation for C57BL/6 and C57BL/10 strains of mice

A

B6

B10

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2
Q

Name a common lesion of the right ventricle in BALB/c mice

A

dystrophic epicardial mineralization

also may develop myocardial degeneration and auricular thrombosis

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3
Q

Which strain of mice is most resistant to spontaneous amyloidosis?

A

BALB/c

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4
Q

What coat color is the mouse strain C3H/He?

A

agouti

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5
Q

What is the mutation that renders C3H/He blind?

A

rd1

Pde6brd1

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6
Q

C3H/He are susceptible to which virus that renders them susceptible to a relatively high incidence of mammary neoplasia

A

Murine Mammary Tumor Virus

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7
Q

Which strain of mice is the most frequent strain of embryonic stem cells (ES)?

A

129

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8
Q

Which strain of mice are renown for testicular teratoma (embryonal carcinomas)

A

129/sv

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9
Q

Which strain of inbred Swiss mice are prone to seizures?

A

FVB/N

they are also blind due to homozygosity of the rd1 allele

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10
Q

Outbred swiss mice are prone to what ailment that is a major life-limiting disease

A

amyloidosis

they also have retinal degeneration

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11
Q

What is the predominate circulating leukocyte of the lab mouse

A

lymphocytes

make up 3/4 of total diff count

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12
Q

T or F. Mice are coprophagic?

A

T. They get about 1/3 of their dietary intake from feces

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13
Q

Do male or female mice have larger submandibular salivary glands?

A

Males

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14
Q

What type of placenta do mice have

A

hemochorial

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15
Q

T or F. Proteinuria is lethal in mice

A

False. It is normal! Highest levels noted in mature males

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16
Q

T or F. Adult mice have a thymus

A

True. Thymus does not involute in mice

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17
Q

T or F. The splenic red pulp of mice is an active site of hematopoiesis, throughout life

A

T

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18
Q

Is maternal IgG is transferred in utero or postnatally?

A

both! postnatally by IgG receptors in the SI that actively acquire IG up to 2 weeks

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19
Q

Immune response between mouse species is variable. What is a great example of the regarding the immune response of Balb/s vs C57BL/6

A

Ball/c- TH2
C57- TH1
(maybe why C57 are more resistant to many viruses)

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20
Q

On what chromosome is the MHC (H-2) complex located in mice

A

17

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21
Q

How many lung lobes do mice have

A

1 left

4right lobes

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22
Q

Name a melanotic mouse strain

A

B6

many mice strains have melanosis in many organs

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23
Q

Describe mouse adenovirus

A 
DNA virus, no envelope
replicates in the nucleus
intranuclear inclusions
MAdV-1 and MAdv-2
No natural disease wit MAdv-1
MAdV-2- enterotropic, minimal disease
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24
Q

Which 2 herpesviruses affect mice?. What type of herpesvirus are they

A

Mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV)
Mouse thymic virus (MTV)
betaherpesviruses

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25
Q

Describe the hallmark of disease with MCMV

A

cytomegalic inclusion disease- enlarged cells bearing intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, in the salivary glands

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26
Q

What are the characters lesions of Mouse Thymic virus

A

intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies and necrosis of thymocytes

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27
Q

Name 2 viruses in the family parvoviridae that affect mice

A

Minute minute virus of mice

Mouse parvovirus-1

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28
Q

What are the characteristics of parvovirus

A

small single-stranded DNA

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29
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with natural infection of MVM

A

none

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30
Q

What is the critical impact of infection with MPV?

A

significant immune perturbations and aberrations

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31
Q

In what stage of the cell cycle are parvovirus likely to replicate

A

S phase

replicate in rapidly dividing cells

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32
Q

What is the tissue tropism of MPV

A

lymphoid tissues

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33
Q

To what family does the Ectromelia virus belong?

What are the characteristics of this virus family?

A

Poxviridae, genus Orthodox

Large DNA virus

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34
Q

T or F. Ectromelia is highly contagious

A

F

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35
Q

What is the suspected route of transmission of ectromelia?

A

cutaneous trauma, invasion through skin, local replication, spread to regional lymph nodes, viremia, replication in spleen and liver, 2nd viremia (3-4dayspost exposure)

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36
Q

Name 2 species of mice that are remarkably resistant to ectromelia

A

C57BL/6 and AKR

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37
Q

What rodent species is the natural reservoir for LCMV

A

Mus musculus

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38
Q

To what viral family doe LCMV belong

A

Arenavirus

RNA

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39
Q

What common laboratory rodent species appears to be refractory to natural infection with LCMV?

A

rats

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40
Q

What mouse strain is disease resistant to LCMV and why

A

C3h/He, due to H-2k/k haplotype

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41
Q

To what viral family does lactate dehydrogenase virus belong

A

arterivirdidae, RNA

frequent contaminate of transplantable tumors

42
Q

What is the significant impact of LDV infection of mice on research

A

-alteration of macrophage function

43
Q

Describe the characteristics of Mouse Hepatitis Virus

A

Large enveloped RNA virus, radial spikes (peplomers) that are antigenically distinct between strains

44
Q

What are the clinical signs typically associated with MHV

A

runting, inappetence (no milk spot) diarrhea, dehydration in neonates (less than 2 weeks)

45
Q

List the primary tissue tropisms of MHV

A 
Enterotropic strains
Respiratory strains (polytropic)
46
Q

What are the hallmark gross and histologic lesions of MHV

A

Gross- yellow/white nodules in multiple organs

Hits- focal necrosis (liver) with syncytial cells on the periphery of the lesion

47
Q

T or F. Serology is useful for detecting and surveillance of infection with MHV

A

T. Serology is great

Fecal PCR can be used as well

48
Q

What differential diagnosis should be considered in relation to MHV

A

Tyzzers, EDIM, Salmonellosis, Ectromelia

49
Q

Impact of MHV on research?

A

Immune modulation

50
Q

How is MHV treated or managed

A
  • burnout, cessation of breeding for 6-8 weeks

- Rederivation by c-setion or embryo transfer

51
Q

What viral family does Sendai Virus (SV)belong to

A

paramyxyoviridae

closely related of parainfluenza virus-1 of human

52
Q

What other species of rodents are susceptible to SV

A

rats and hamsters

53
Q

T or F. Sendai virus is highly contagious

A

True

54
Q

What are typical gross and histologic lesions associated with SV

A

plum colored consolidated lung lobe(s)

-necrosis inflammation of nasal and airway epithelium

55
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with SV in mice

A

dyspnea, chattering, crusting of eyes

suckling mice more affected than adults

56
Q

Which strains of mice are most resistant to SV

A

C57Bl/6, AKR, SJL and Swiss

DBA,129 and C3H most susceptible

57
Q

T or F. SV virus is highly labile

A

T

58
Q

To what family does Mouse Encephalomyelitis belong

A

Picornoviridae-small RNA virus
aka Theilovirus (Theiler’s virus)
aka Mouse polio

59
Q

In what cell type does MEV (Thriller’s virus) replicate

A

enterocytes- though typically intestinal lesions are not present

60
Q

Describe the the histologic lesion of MEV in SCID mice

A

cytoplasmic vacuolization of neurons and cells in the neuropil

61
Q

To what viral family does Epizootic Diarrhea of Infant Mice belong (EDIM)

A

Reoviridae
Rotavirus (Rotavirus A)
-Double stranded RNA!!!

62
Q

T or F. EDIM is highly contagious

A

T. It is highly contagious and prevalent, though disease is relatively rare once it is enzootic in a population

63
Q

In what cell or tissue does EDIM replicate?

A

Intestinal mucosa
Infects terminally differentiated enterocytes (infant mice have more of these than older aged animals, which makes them the most susceptible)

64
Q

Clinical signs of EDIM

A
  • yellow mustard colored diarrhea, yet continue to suckle
  • transient
  • rarely clinically relevant in enzootic populations
65
Q

To what family does Norovirus belong?

A

Caliciviridae
-non-enveloped RNA
(notoriously stable in the environment!)

66
Q

What is the cellular tropism for norovirus?

A

Macrophages ans dendritic cells

67
Q

Describe the difference in endogenous versus exogenous retrovirus (MMTV , MLV) transmission

A

exogenous- transmitted horizontally, through milk

endogenous- inherited through the genome

68
Q

What is the causative agent of Tyzzer’s disease in mice

A

Clostridium piliforme

69
Q

What is the longevity of Clostridium piliforme spores in the environment?

A

up to 5 years
maintain infectivity at least 1 year at room temp
Exposure is primarily through ingestion of spores from the environment

70
Q

What strain of mice are most susceptible and most resistant to Tyzzer’s disease?

A

DBA/2- susceptible

B6- resistant

71
Q

Resistance of B6 mice to Tyzzer’s has been attributed to what cell type

A

B cells

72
Q

What cell type does Mycoplasma pulmonic typically colonize?

A

Apical cell membrane of respiratory epithelium

73
Q

List some of the clinical signs associated with Mycoplasma pulmonis in mice

A

weight loss, dyspnea, chattering

74
Q

Are mice or rats more susceptible to Mycobacterium pulmonis?

A

Rats

75
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Mycobacterium pulmonic organism

A

pleomorphic, gram-neg- no cell wall,

76
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia

A

Citrobacter rodentium

gram negative rod

77
Q

How is Citrobacter rodentium typically transmitted to mice

A

through contaminated food and bedding

78
Q

What are the two species of Salmonella

A

S. bongori (mainly infects poikilotherms)

S. enterica

79
Q

What are the salmonella serovars likely to infect mice (though uncommon)

A

S. Typhirium

S. Enteritidis

80
Q

Pneumocystis murina is known to cause severe lung pathology in immunocompetent mice. T or F

A

F- dz is subclinical in immune competent animals, causes severe disease in immune deficient animals (rubbery lungs that fail to deflate)

81
Q

Describe the organism Spironucleus muris

A

flagellated protozoa, smaller than Giardia, elongated and pear shaped, lacks an anterior sucking disk
-inhabits the duodenum (crypts of Lieberkahn)

82
Q

Hymenolepis nana is also know as the dwarf tapeworm. T or F

A

T

Adults are very small (25-40mm)

83
Q

T or F. The life cycle of Hymenolepis nana requires an intermediate host.

A

F.
It can have a direct (no intermediate host) or indirect (arthropod intermediate host) life cycle. It is the only known cestode that does not require an intermediate host.

84
Q

How long is the lifecycle of Hymenolepis nana from ingestion to patency?

A

20-30 days

85
Q

What is genus and species of the common mouse pinworm

A

Syphacia obvelata

86
Q

Does the life cycle of Syphacia require a host?

A

No it is direct.

Completed in 11-15d

87
Q

Which has a longer life cycle?

Syphacia or Aspicularis

A

Aspicularis - 23-25 days

Syphacia 11-15d

88
Q

What is the common pinworm of rats, and how is it differentiated from Syphacia obvelata

A

Syphacia muris- common pinworm of rats,

eggs of S. muris are much smaller than obvelata

89
Q

Which inbred strains of mice are most likely to have calcification of the heart?

A

DBA, C3H, Balb/c

90
Q

Which inbred strains of mice are most likely to have acidophilic macrophage pneumonia?

A

C57BL/6

91
Q

Hypocallosity is a forebrain commissure defect with aplasia of the corpus collosum. It is common in which 2 inbred strains of mice

A

129 strains and Balb/c

92
Q

Hydrocephalous is common in which inbred strain of mice?

A

C57BL

93
Q

Which strains of mice are known to develop a high incidence of thymic lymphoma

A

SCID, AKR, C58

94
Q

Which inbred strain of mice almost 100% incidence of mammary tumors (by 9 months of age)

A

C3H

95
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis in a aged mice with unilateral protrusion of the eye.

A

Hardarian gland adenoma or adenocarcinoma

96
Q

On what mouse chromosome is the Major Histocompatibility complex located?

A

17

97
Q

T or F

Each strain of inbred mice have unique H2 haplotypes

A

They are homozygous
each strain is unique
C57BL- H2b
Balb H2d

98
Q

What is the first inbred strain of mice and who developed it?

A

DBA

C.C. Little

99
Q

T or F

Many Swiss mice are blind dues to homozygous recessive rd1 allele.

A

T

This is evidence that Swiss mice are a little bit inbred, even though they are considered an outbred strain

100
Q

T or F

N-ethyl-N-nitrosurea (ENU) induces random point mutations

A

T
as does ethylmethansulphate (EMS)
both are given to MALE mice to induce mutations

ACLAM (32 decks)

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