Supplemental Feedings Flashcards
Who should not do underwater weighing for assessing body fat percentage?
Those with lung disease
What is dual energy x-ray absorptiometry?
DXA scan to measure bone density
What are anthropometric methods to determine body composition?
SKinfold measurements
US
Height and circumference methods
Which has a better correlation with cardiac disease: waist to hip ratio, or BMI?
Waist to hip
Where is the waist measurement?
1 in above the umbilicus
Where is the hip measurement?
Widest portion of the buttocks and greater trochanters
True or false: the waist to hip ratio is a good indicator of malnutrition
False-has no lower limit
BMI loses accuracy in what two populations?
The fit and the old
Why are CBC useful in determining nutritional status?
RBC sacrificed when nutrition is low
Why is BMP useful when determining nutritional status?
Total protein/albumin
Glucose
What is the Nutritional risk screening (NRS) tool?
Tool for assessing potential for malnutrition
What is the range of scores for the NRS?
0-3, with 3 being severe nutritional impairment
What is the MUST?
Hospital screen for malnutrition.
What should you do if a pt has bad teeth?
Make food mechanically soft
When should pureed food be used?
Bad teeth and tongue
If the pt cannot swallow, what should be used?
Tube feeding
If the GI tract is not working, what feeding measure should be used?
Parenteral
What is a soft mechanical diet?
Diet containing ground of pureed foods that are easy to chew
What is a pureed diet?
Pudding like consistency
What are thin liquids?
Like water/juice
What are nectar thickened liquids?
Milkshake consistency
What are honey thickened liquids?
Honey consistency
What are pudding thickened?
Hold is shaped when spooned
What are NG tubes used for?
Short term nutritional support
What is a G tube? When should it be used?
Gastric tube–tube inserted into the stomach. 6-12 weeks
What is a PEG tube?
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
What is a J tube?
Tube connected to the jejunum
What is the main problem with G tubes?
Regurgitation/reflux
What is the harris-benedict equation used for?
Determining calorie requirements for pts with tubes
Why do you add dye to formula?
To see if regurgitation is present
What is peripheral parenteral nutrition?
Peripheral IV food
What is TPN (total parenteral nutrition)?
Central line or PICC placed
What is the issue with PN?
Limited by osmolality and volume. Vein able to sustain rate
How long is PN used for?
Short term
What should you consider with stroke pts, as far as nutritional needs are concerned?
Aspiration pneumonia
