Screening Flashcards
What is the term for a person’s action, customs, beliefs, values, etc
Culture
What race has the highest incidence of colorectal CA?
African-Americans
What type of food is a risk factor for developing colorectal CA?
Red and processed meats
What is the major protective factor against developing colorectal CA?
Physical activity
What are the guidelines for screening for colorectal CA?
Age 50, unless personal or family h/o colorectal CA
Prostate CA is more common in what population?
African american (1:5 compared to 1:6)
African americans with a 1st degree relative has what chance of developing prostate CA? How does this compare to the general population?
1:3 compared to 1:6 for general population
When does prostate screening begin for the general population? African americans? High risk AAs?
General: 50
high risk: 45
Super high risk: 40
When should DREs start to be performed for black people?
40s
When should you not screen for prostate CA?
Life expectancy is less than 10 years
At what age is breast cancer more common in blacks? In whites?
40 more in whites
Breast cancer deaths are higher in what population?
Blacks
Early or late menarche is a risk factor for breast cancer?
Early
Early or late menopause is a risk factor for breast cancer?
Late
What is the correlation of weight with chances of developing breast CA?
increases to 2x with
True or false: breastfeeding for longer than 1 year has been shown to increase the risk of developing breast cancer
False–lowers
What is the screening recommendation for mammograms?
annually after 40 yo
When should clinical breast exams start?
annually in the 20s
What is the infant mortality of blacks compared to the national average?
12.67 for black, 6.61 average
What is the best time to have a baby, in terms of lowering infant mortality?
20-35
What is the riskiest type of sex in terms of transmitting AIDS? Least?
Anal sex
Oral sex is least
Which is more strongly correlated with AIDS: race or socioeconomic standing?
Socioeconomics
Which two diseases occur more often in the hispanic population?
DM
CA
What two comorbidities of DM are hispanics more likely to get?
ESRD (40% more likely)
Retinopathy (84% more likely)
True or false: hispanics are less likely to convert from prediabetes to diabetes compared to whites
False–more likely
Which three CAs, all from infectious agents, are hispanics more likely to develop?
Stomach (h.pylori)
Liver (HBV, HCV)
Uterine/cervical (HPV)
What are the screening recommendations for pap smears in the hispanic population?
Same as general
What two races have the highest incidence of suicide?
White
Native Americans
Why are native american suicides so concerning?
Happen so early (20-24)
Fetal alcohol syndrome is highest in which ethnic group?
Native americans
What are the two diseases more common to asian/pacific islanders?
TB
Osteoporosis
Why are asians/pacific islanders more susceptible to osteoporosis?
Small frames
Consume less Ca
What is the vaccine that will cause a positive TB result?
BCG
What is the preferred method for testing for TB in pts who have had the BCG vaccine?
QuantiFERON gold
Who should be screened for depression?
All adults
What is the prevalence of rape?
1:10 women
What percent of women have experienced severe physical violence?
25%
What percent of men have experienced severe physical violence?
14%
What are the symptoms of domestic abuse?
Drug abuse
Sleeping disruption
True or false: depression/suicide is a symptoms of domestic abuse?
True
True or false: PTSD can result from domestic abuse
True
What is the most important thing a physician can do about domestic violence?
Ask about it
What are the three major issues that are prevalent within the LGBT community?
Substance abuse
Suicide
Homelessness
Each episode of LGBT victimization increases the likelihood of self-harming behavior how many times (on average)?
2.5x
