Obesity I

Question 1

What is the technical definition of obesity?

Answer 1

Excess body fat

BMI >30

Question 2

True or false: OA is a risk factor of obesity

Answer 2

True

Question 3

True or false: gallstones and renal stones are risk factors of obesity

Answer 3

not renal stones, but gall stones yes.

Question 4

True or false: GYN abnormalities are risk factors of obesity

Answer 4

True

Question 5

How large a role are genetics in obesity?

Answer 5

Small

Question 6

How does polycystic ovarian syndrome lead to obesity?

Answer 6

Too much insulin is being produced, and does not function normally

Question 7

How does hypothyroidism lead to obesity?

Answer 7

Decrease in thyroid hormone

Question 8

How does Cushing’s syndrome lead to obesity?

Answer 8

Adrenal glands overproduce cortisol

Question 9

What are the meds that lead to weight gain? (5)

Answer 9

Antipsychotics
Antidepressants
DM meds
Antiepileptic
Glucocorticoids

Question 10

What is the adaptive viewpoint of fat and evolution?

Answer 10

Accumulation of fat was advantageous

Question 11

What are “thrifty genes”?

Answer 11

Theoretical genes that caused increased fat deposition, due to common famine

Question 12

What is the maladaptive viewpoint of obesity?

Answer 12

Obesity has never been advantageous–some do not have brown adipose tissue

Question 13

What is the neutral viewpoint of obesity?

Answer 13

Obesity never advantageous.

Many genes involved in weight regulation

Question 14

What is the set point theory?

Answer 14

Upper and lower points exist, but upper point increased

Question 15

What are the three key players in energy homeostasis?

Answer 15

Brain
GI tract
Adipose tissue

Question 16

What are the 5 major chemical players in appetite?

Answer 16

Leptin
Ghrelin
GLP-1
PYY
CCK

Question 17

What is the prandial state?

Answer 17

Food recently taken in, is in the blood

Question 18

What is the postabsorptive state?

Answer 18

Absence of calories entering the circulation from the GI tract–rely on stores

Question 19

What is the role of CCK?

Answer 19

Peptide hormone produced by the small intestines in response to feedings, causing pancreas to excrete enzymes

Question 20

What is the role of the PYY hormone?

Answer 20

Insulin peptide hormone released by pancreas in response to elevated levels of blood glucose

Question 21

What is the role of GLP-1? (3)

Answer 21

• Increases insulin secretion/sensitivity
• Decreases glucagon
• Inhibits acid secretion and gastric emptying

Question 22

What is the role of leptin?

Answer 22

Peptide hormone released by adipose tissue to hypothalamus to signal satiety

Question 23

What is a genetic disease where leptin resistance is common?

Answer 23

Prader-Willi syndrome

Question 24

What is the role of ghrelin?

Answer 24

Peptide hormone produced by stomach lining, goes to CNS, increases hunger

Question 25

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: hunger that develops suddenly

Answer 25

Emotional

Question 26

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: specific food craving

Answer 26

Emotional

Question 27

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: above the neck hunger cues

Answer 27

Emotional

Question 28

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: deliberate choices while eating

Answer 28

Physical hunger

Question 29

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: results in overeating

Answer 29

EMotional

Question 30

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: results in feelings of nourishment and satisfaction

Answer 30

Physical

Question 31

What are the three questions to ask yourself when seeing an obese pt?

Answer 31

Why? How affect pt? How treat?

Question 32

What are the 5 stages in the stages of change model?

Answer 32

``` Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance ```

Question 33

What should you ask a pt in the precontemplative stage of change?

Answer 33

How life would be different

Question 34

What should you say to a pt in the contemplative stage of change?

Answer 34

What stopping | Encourage support networks

Question 35

What should you say to a pt in the preparation stage of change?

Answer 35

Encourage small goals | reinforce changes

Question 36

What should you say to a pt in the maintenance stage of change?

Answer 36

Identify weakness