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Nutrition > Obesity I > Flashcards

Obesity I Flashcards

1
Q

What is the technical definition of obesity?

A

Excess body fat

BMI >30

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2
Q

True or false: OA is a risk factor of obesity

A

True

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3
Q

True or false: gallstones and renal stones are risk factors of obesity

A

not renal stones, but gall stones yes.

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4
Q

True or false: GYN abnormalities are risk factors of obesity

A

True

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5
Q

How large a role are genetics in obesity?

A

Small

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6
Q

How does polycystic ovarian syndrome lead to obesity?

A

Too much insulin is being produced, and does not function normally

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7
Q

How does hypothyroidism lead to obesity?

A

Decrease in thyroid hormone

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8
Q

How does Cushing’s syndrome lead to obesity?

A

Adrenal glands overproduce cortisol

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9
Q

What are the meds that lead to weight gain? (5)

A 
Antipsychotics
Antidepressants
DM meds
Antiepileptic
Glucocorticoids
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10
Q

What is the adaptive viewpoint of fat and evolution?

A

Accumulation of fat was advantageous

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11
Q

What are “thrifty genes”?

A

Theoretical genes that caused increased fat deposition, due to common famine

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12
Q

What is the maladaptive viewpoint of obesity?

A

Obesity has never been advantageous–some do not have brown adipose tissue

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13
Q

What is the neutral viewpoint of obesity?

A

Obesity never advantageous.

Many genes involved in weight regulation

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14
Q

What is the set point theory?

A

Upper and lower points exist, but upper point increased

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15
Q

What are the three key players in energy homeostasis?

A

Brain
GI tract
Adipose tissue

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16
Q

What are the 5 major chemical players in appetite?

A 
Leptin
Ghrelin
GLP-1
PYY
CCK
17
Q

What is the prandial state?

A

Food recently taken in, is in the blood

18
Q

What is the postabsorptive state?

A

Absence of calories entering the circulation from the GI tract–rely on stores

19
Q

What is the role of CCK?

A

Peptide hormone produced by the small intestines in response to feedings, causing pancreas to excrete enzymes

20
Q

What is the role of the PYY hormone?

A

Insulin peptide hormone released by pancreas in response to elevated levels of blood glucose

21
Q

What is the role of GLP-1? (3)

A
  • Increases insulin secretion/sensitivity
  • Decreases glucagon
  • Inhibits acid secretion and gastric emptying
22
Q

What is the role of leptin?

A

Peptide hormone released by adipose tissue to hypothalamus to signal satiety

23
Q

What is a genetic disease where leptin resistance is common?

A

Prader-Willi syndrome

24
Q

What is the role of ghrelin?

A

Peptide hormone produced by stomach lining, goes to CNS, increases hunger

25
Q

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: hunger that develops suddenly

A

Emotional

26
Q

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: specific food craving

A

Emotional

27
Q

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: above the neck hunger cues

A

Emotional

28
Q

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: deliberate choices while eating

A

Physical hunger

29
Q

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: results in overeating

A

EMotional

30
Q

Physical hunger or emotional hunger: results in feelings of nourishment and satisfaction

A

Physical

31
Q

What are the three questions to ask yourself when seeing an obese pt?

A

Why?
How affect pt?
How treat?

32
Q

What are the 5 stages in the stages of change model?

A 
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
33
Q

What should you ask a pt in the precontemplative stage of change?

A

How life would be different

34
Q

What should you say to a pt in the contemplative stage of change?

A

What stopping

Encourage support networks

35
Q

What should you say to a pt in the preparation stage of change?

A

Encourage small goals

reinforce changes

36
Q

What should you say to a pt in the maintenance stage of change?

A

Identify weakness

Nutrition (31 decks)

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