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the EPPPi pen > Stanford, Binet, And Wecshler Walk Into A Bar > Flashcards

Stanford, Binet, And Wecshler Walk Into A Bar Flashcards

1
Q

What does Spearman’s Two-Factor Theory distinguish between?

A

A general intellectual factor (g) and numerous specific factors (s)

Spearman’s theory suggests that cognitive task performance is influenced by both general ability and specific skills.

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2
Q

What is Crystallized intelligence (Gc)?

A

Intelligence that depends on prior learning and experience

Gc is important for tasks requiring application of acquired knowledge and skills.

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3
Q

What is Fluid intelligence (Gf)?

A

The inherent aspect of intelligence that represents the basic capacity to learn

Gf is crucial for tasks involving concept formation and solving unfamiliar problems.

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4
Q

At what ages does fluid intelligence typically peak?

A

Between 30 and 40 years of age

Fluid intelligence is reported to decline earlier than crystallized intelligence.

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5
Q

At what ages does crystallized intelligence typically peak?

A

Between 60 and 70 years of age

The aging process affects crystallized intelligence differently than fluid intelligence.

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6
Q

What are the three strata in Carroll’s Three-Stratum Theory?

A

Stratum III: general intelligence (g), Stratum II: eight broad abilities, Stratum I: numerous specific abilities

This theory categorizes intelligence into levels, with general intelligence at the highest level.

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7
Q

What does the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory combine?

A

Elements of the Horn-Cattell and Carroll theories

The CHC theory is often updated based on ongoing research findings.

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8
Q

How many broad cognitive abilities does the CHC theory distinguish?

A

16 broad cognitive abilities

In addition, there are over 80 narrow cognitive abilities linked to these broad abilities.

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9
Q

What is one application of the CHC theory in testing?

A

Development of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test, 5th Edition

The CHC theory has influenced both new and revised cognitive ability tests.

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10
Q

Which index of the WISC-V assesses crystallized intelligence (Gc)?

A

The Verbal Comprehension Index

One subtest, Similarities, assesses both crystallized and fluid intelligence.

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11
Q

True or False: The primary subtests of the Fluid Reasoning Index assess crystallized intelligence (Gc).

A

False

The Fluid Reasoning Index specifically assesses fluid intelligence (Gf).

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The primary subtests of the ______________ Index assess visual processing (Gv).

A

Visual Spatial

This index is focused on assessing abilities related to visual perception and processing.

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13
Q

What abilities do the primary subtests of the Working Memory Index assess?

A

Short-term memory (Gsm)

Working memory plays a crucial role in cognitive functioning.

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14
Q

What do the primary subtests of the Processing Speed Index assess?

A

Processing speed (Gs)

This index measures how quickly an individual can process information.

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15
Q

What does PASS stand for in Das, Naglieri, and Kirby’s theory of intelligence?

A

Planning, Attention, Simultaneous processing, Sequential processing

PASS theory is based on the interdependence of these four cognitive functions.

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16
Q

According to Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences, how many intelligences do people possess?

A

At least nine intelligences

These include linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and existential.

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17
Q

What are the three components of Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Successful Intelligence?

A
  • Analytical intelligence
  • Creative intelligence
  • Practical intelligence

Each component contributes to achieving personally meaningful life goals.

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18
Q

What phenomenon is described by the Flynn Effect?

A

IQ scores increased by about 3 points per decade throughout the 20th century

This trend was observed in both developed and developing countries, especially for measures of fluid intelligence.

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19
Q

What is a significant implication of the Flynn Effect for psychologists using IQ tests?

A

Care must be taken when using IQ tests for educational and legal decisions

The year of testing and test norms can affect a client’s IQ score.

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20
Q

What has recent research indicated about the Flynn Effect in the 21st century?

A

The Flynn effect has plateaued or reversed in some countries

Some studies show a continuation for certain IQ ranges while a decrease is noted for others.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: According to Sternberg, traditional intelligence tests primarily focus on _______.

A

Analytical intelligence

Creative and practical intelligence are often neglected.

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22
Q

True or False: The Flynn Effect suggests that increases in IQ scores are primarily due to genetic factors.

A

False

Researchers attribute changes in IQ scores to environmental factors due to the rapidity of these changes.

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23
Q

What did Zhou and Zhu (2007) find regarding the Flynn effect in the United States?

A

Continuation for IQs of 70 to 109, reverse effect for IQs of 110 and above

This indicates a complex relationship between IQ scores and environmental influences.

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24
Q

What is the main focus of analytical intelligence as defined by Sternberg?

A

Knowledge-acquisition and information-processing skills

These skills are used to analyze, evaluate, and critique information.

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25
Q

List the nine intelligences proposed by Gardner.

A
  • Linguistic
  • Musical
  • Logical-mathematical
  • Spatial
  • Bodily-kinesthetic
  • Interpersonal
  • Intrapersonal
  • Naturalistic
  • Existential

Each intelligence is mediated by different areas of the brain.

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26
Q

What is the age range for individuals who can be assessed using the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test, 5th Edition (SB5)?

A

2 to 85 years of age and older

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27
Q

The SB5 is based on which model of intelligence?

A

Hierarchical general mental ability (g) model

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28
Q

Name the five cognitive factors assessed by the SB5.

A
  • Fluid Reasoning (Gf)
  • Knowledge (Gc)
  • Quantitative Reasoning (Gq)
  • Visual-Spatial Processing (Gv)
  • Working Memory (Gsm)
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29
Q

What does the Fluid Reasoning factor assess?

A

Fluid intelligence (Gf)

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30
Q

What does the Knowledge factor assess?

A

Crystallized knowledge (Gc)

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31
Q

What does the Quantitative Reasoning factor assess?

A

Quantitative knowledge (Gq)

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32
Q

What does the Visual-Spatial Processing factor assess?

A

Visual processing (Gv)

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33
Q

What does the Working Memory factor assess?

A

Short-term memory (Gsm)

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34
Q

What are the nonverbal subtests for the Fluid Reasoning factor?

A

Object Series/Matrices

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35
Q

What are the verbal subtests for the Fluid Reasoning factor?

A
  • Early Reasoning
  • Verbal Absurdities
  • Verbal Analogies
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36
Q

List the nonverbal subtests for the Knowledge factor.

A
  • Procedural Knowledge
  • Picture Absurdities
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37
Q

What is the verbal subtest for the Knowledge factor?

A

Vocabulary

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38
Q

What are the nonverbal and verbal subtests for Quantitative Reasoning?

A
  • Nonverbal Quantitative Reasoning
  • Verbal Quantitative Reasoning
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39
Q

What are the nonverbal subtests for Visual-Spatial Processing?

A
  • Form Board
  • Form Patterns
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40
Q

What are the verbal subtests for Visual-Spatial Processing?

A

Position and Direction

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41
Q

What are the nonverbal subtests for Working Memory?

A
  • Delayed Response
  • Block Span
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42
Q

What are the verbal subtests for Working Memory?

A
  • Memory for Sentences
  • Last Word
43
Q

What are the routing subtests used in the administration of the SB5?

A
  • Object Series/Matrices
  • Vocabulary
44
Q

How is the basal level determined during the SB5 administration?

A

The highest point at which the examinee answers all questions correctly for two consecutive age levels

45
Q

What is the ceiling level in SB5 testing?

A

The point at which the examinee misses 75% of the questions at two consecutive age levels

46
Q

What is the mean and standard deviation for SB5 subtest scores?

A

Mean of 10 and standard deviation of 3

47
Q

What is the mean and standard deviation for the composite scores derived from SB5?

A

Mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15

48
Q

What does the Full Scale IQ represent in the SB5?

A

Scores on all of the subtests

49
Q

What does the Verbal IQ represent in the SB5?

A

Scores on the verbal domain subtests

50
Q

What does the Nonverbal IQ represent in the SB5?

A

Scores on the nonverbal domain subtests

51
Q

What is the Abbreviated Battery IQ in the SB5?

A

Scores on the two routing subtests for a quick estimate of cognitive abilities

52
Q

What is the WAIS-IV?

A

A measure of intelligence for individuals 16 through 90 years of age.

53
Q

What model does the WAIS-IV use to assess intelligence?

A

A hierarchical model of intelligence.

54
Q

What are the four main indexes of the WAIS-IV?

A
  • Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI)
  • Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI)
  • Working Memory Index (WMI)
  • Processing Speed Index (PSI)
55
Q

List the core subtests for the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI).

A
  • Vocabulary
  • Similarities
  • Information
56
Q

What are the supplemental subtests for the Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI)?

A
  • Figure Weights
  • Picture Completion
57
Q

What is the mean and standard deviation for WAIS-IV subtest scores?

A

Mean of 10 and standard deviation of 3.

58
Q

What does the Full Scale IQ score on the WAIS-IV have as its mean and standard deviation?

A

Mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15.

59
Q

What is the General Ability Index (GAI) derived from?

A

Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Reasoning Index scores.

60
Q

For which clinical group does the PSI have the lowest index score according to WAIS-IV?

A

Probable Alzheimer’s Dementia (Mild).

61
Q

True or False: The VCI score is significantly higher than the PRI score in individuals with nonverbal learning disability (NVLD).

A

True.

62
Q

At what age does the VCI score begin to decline?

A

About 80 years of age.

63
Q

What is the classic aging pattern in terms of IQ?

A

Verbal IQ remains stable while Performance IQ begins to decline around 20 years of age.

64
Q

What happens to the Working Memory Index (WMI) score as age increases?

A

Remains stable until about age 60, then declines.

65
Q

Fill in the blank: The PSI scores begin to decline at about ______ years of age.

A

30

66
Q

What does the analysis by Weiss et al. (2013) suggest about the VCI, WMI, and PSI?

A

They correspond to crystallized intelligence (Gc), short-term memory (Gsm), and processing speed (Gs) respectively.

67
Q

Which index shows the greatest age-related decline on the WAIS-IV?

A

Processing Speed Index (PSI).

68
Q

What characteristic is associated with high functioning autism (HFA) on the WAIS-IV?

A

A VCI score significantly higher than the PRI score.

69
Q

What is the purpose of the reverse rule in WAIS-IV administration?

A

To administer earlier items in reverse order until a perfect score on two consecutive items is obtained.

70
Q

What does the discontinue rule in WAIS-IV subtests entail?

A

A designated number of consecutive items scoring zero or a designated period of time.

71
Q

What does the term ‘classic aging pattern’ refer to?

A

The difference in age-related changes in Verbal and Performance IQ in adulthood.

72
Q

What is the significance of the Technical and Interpretive Manual for WAIS-IV?

A

Provides scores on the WAIS-IV for several clinical groups.

73
Q

Which group has the highest index score for Major Depressive Disorder according to WAIS-IV?

A

Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI).

74
Q

What is a nonverbal learning disability (NVLD) characterized by?

A

Problems with mathematical concepts, understanding nonverbal communication, and motor coordination.

75
Q

What is the age range for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 5th Edition (WISC-V)?

A

6 through 16 years of age

76
Q

What does the WISC-V provide in addition to individual subtest scores?

A

Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) score, five Primary Index Scale scores, optional Ancillary and Complementary Index Scales

77
Q

List the five Primary Index Scales of the WISC-V.

A
  • Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI)
  • Fluid Reasoning Index (FRI)
  • Working Memory Index (WMI)
  • Visual Spatial Index (VSI)
  • Processing Speed Index (PSI)
78
Q

How many primary subtests are there in the WISC-V?

A

10 primary subtests

79
Q

How many primary subtests are needed to calculate the FSIQ in the WISC-V?

A

Seven primary subtests

80
Q

What is the purpose of the Ancillary and Complementary Index Scales in the WISC-V?

A

To obtain additional information about cognitive abilities and assist with the assessment of academic achievement and learning difficulties

81
Q

For ADHD, what is the lowest and highest WISC-V Index score?

A

Lowest: PSI, Highest: VCI

82
Q

For Specific Learning Disorder - Reading, what is the lowest and highest WISC-V Index score?

A

Lowest: WMI, Highest: VSI

83
Q

For Autism Spectrum Disorder with Language Impairment, what is the lowest and highest WISC-V Index score?

A

Lowest: PSI, Highest: FRI

84
Q

For Autism Spectrum Disorder without Language Impairment, what is the lowest and highest WISC-V Index score?

A

Lowest: PSI, Highest: VCI

85
Q

What is the age range for the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of Intelligence, 4th Edition (WPPSI-IV)?

A

2 years, 6 months through 7 years, 7 months

86
Q

What does the WPPSI-IV provide in addition to subtest scores?

A

Full Scale IQ score, scores on Primary Index Scales, optional Ancillary Index Scales

87
Q

What Primary Scales are included in the WPPSI-IV for examinees ages 2 years, 6 months through 3 years, 11 months?

A
  • Verbal Comprehension
  • Visual Spatial
  • Working Memory
88
Q

What additional scales does the WPPSI-IV provide for examinees ages 4 years through 7 years, 7 months?

A
  • Fluid Reasoning
  • Processing Speed
89
Q

What is the CAS2?

A

A measure of cognitive processing abilities for individuals five to 18 years of age based on the PASS cognitive/neurological theory

The PASS theory distinguishes between four cognitive functions identified by Luria: planning, attention, simultaneous processing, and successive processing.

90
Q

What age range does the PPVT-5 assess?

A

Individuals 2:6 to 90+ years of age

The PPVT-5 measures receptive vocabulary using stimulus cards with four pictures.

91
Q

What is the KABC-II designed to be?

A

A culturally fair test for children ages 3:0 through 18:11

It minimizes cultural content and verbal instructions and responses.

92
Q

What are the five scales measured by the KABC-II?

A
  • Simultaneous
  • Sequential
  • Planning
  • Learning
  • Knowledge
93
Q

What is the CMMS used to measure?

A

General reasoning ability for children ages 3:6 through 9:11

The test does not require verbal responses or fine motor skills.

94
Q

What is the age range for the Leiter-3?

A

Individuals 3 to 75+ years of age

It is a nonverbal measure of cognitive abilities.

95
Q

What does Raven’s SPM estimate?

A

Fluid intelligence through nonverbal abstract reasoning

It is useful for individuals with hearing or speech impairments.

96
Q

What is the purpose of the Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test?

A

To assist with hiring decisions by measuring general intelligence for adults

The test consists of 50 verbal, numerical, and spatial items.

97
Q

What domains does the CogAT7 assess?

A
  • Verbal
  • Quantitative
  • Nonverbal
98
Q

What is the SAT used for?

A

College admissions for students in grades 11 and 12

It measures skills necessary for college readiness.

99
Q

What does the GRE General Test measure?

A

Verbal, quantitative, and analytical reasoning skills

It is used as an admissions test for graduate and professional schools.

100
Q

What age range does the FTII assess?

A

Infants three to 12 months of age

It evaluates selective attention and recognition memory.

101
Q

What are the five domains assessed by the Bayley-4?

A
  • Cognitive
  • Motor
  • Language
  • Social-emotional
  • Adaptive behavior
102
Q

What is the main feature of computerized adaptive testing (CAT)?

A

Tests are tailored to individual examinees’ levels of ability

It adjusts the difficulty of questions based on the examinee’s responses.

103
Q

What is one advantage of CAT?

A

Reduces testing time by 50% or more

Examinees do not answer all questions in the item pool.

104
Q

What is a disadvantage of computer adaptive tests?

A

They are time- and resource-intensive to create

Usually do not allow examinees to review previously answered questions.

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