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the EPPPi pen > boxers or brief therapies > Flashcards

boxers or brief therapies Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary focus of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)?

A

Interpersonal factors contributing to a client’s current symptoms

IPT views mental disorders as treatable medical illnesses and aims for symptom relief and improved interpersonal functioning.

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2
Q

Who originally developed Interpersonal Psychotherapy?

A

Klerman and Weissman

The therapy was developed as a treatment for acute depression.

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3
Q

What are the primary problem areas addressed in IPT for depression?

A
  • Interpersonal role disputes
  • Interpersonal role transitions
  • Interpersonal deficits
  • Grief

These areas are identified during the initial stage of therapy.

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4
Q

What is the initial stage of IPT focused on?

A

Determining the client’s diagnosis and the interpersonal context of symptoms

This information helps to identify the primary problem area for treatment.

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5
Q

What strategies are used in the middle phase of IPT?

A
  • Encouragement of affect
  • Role-playing
  • Communication analysis
  • Decision analysis

These strategies address the problem area identified in the initial stage.

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6
Q

What is the final stage of IPT concerned with?

A

Termination and relapse prevention

This stage addresses issues related to the end of therapy and maintaining progress.

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7
Q

What is the focus of Solution-Focused Therapy?

A

Solutions to problems instead of the etiology and nature of problems

It adopts a goal-directed collaborative approach.

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8
Q

What type of question is the ‘miracle question’ in Solution-Focused Therapy?

A

A question that helps establish the focus of treatment as the future

It encourages clients to visualize how they would know their problem was solved.

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9
Q

Provide an example of an exception question used in Solution-Focused Therapy.

A

Can you think of a time in the past two weeks when you and your partner did not argue?

This question helps clients identify times when their problems did not exist or were less intense.

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10
Q

What do scaling questions in Solution-Focused Therapy help clients evaluate?

A

Their current status or progress toward achieving their goals

An example would be asking clients to rate their stress level on a scale from 1 to 10.

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11
Q

What structure is typically followed in each session of Solution-Focused Therapy?

A

Asking questions, providing feedback, and assigning a task

The formula first session task requires clients to identify something they want to continue in their lives.

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12
Q

What is the Transtheoretical Model?

A

A model that integrates concepts and strategies from multiple therapeutic approaches, focusing on matching strategies to a person’s stage of change

Developed by Prochaska & DiClemente in 1983.

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13
Q

What are the six stages of change in the Transtheoretical Model?

A
  • Precontemplation
  • Contemplation
  • Preparation
  • Action
  • Maintenance
  • Termination

Each stage represents a different level of readiness to change.

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14
Q

What characterizes the Precontemplation stage?

A

Clients have no intention of changing their behaviors in the next six months and may be in denial

They may resist advice or change interventions.

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15
Q

What strategies can benefit clients in the Precontemplation stage?

A
  • Consciousness raising
  • Dramatic relief
  • Environmental reevaluation

These strategies help clients become aware of their problems.

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16
Q

What defines the Contemplation stage?

A

Clients plan to change in the next six months but feel ambivalent about it

Ambivalence can hinder their transition to the next stage.

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17
Q

What strategies are useful for clients in the Contemplation stage?

A
  • Self-reevaluation
  • Strategies from the Precontemplation stage

Self-reevaluation helps clients evaluate their feelings about the situation.

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18
Q

What is the focus of the Preparation stage?

A

Clients plan to take action within the next month

This stage involves making a commitment to change.

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19
Q

What strategies support clients in the Preparation stage?

A
  • Self-reevaluation
  • Self-liberation

These strategies help clients believe in their ability to change.

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20
Q

What happens in the Action stage?

A

Clients actively change their behaviors

This stage involves implementing change strategies.

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21
Q

What strategies are effective for clients in the Action stage?

A
  • Contingency management
  • Stimulus control
  • Counterconditioning

These strategies help maintain behavior change.

22
Q

What is the Maintenance stage?

A

Clients have maintained their behavior change for six months

Focus is on relapse prevention.

23
Q

What strategies are useful in the Maintenance stage?

A

The same strategies as in the Action stage

These strategies help prevent relapse.

24
Q

What characterizes the Termination stage?

A

Clients are confident that their risk for relapse is low

This indicates a high level of self-efficacy.

25
Q

What factors affect motivation to change according to the Transtheoretical Model?

A
  • Decisional balance
  • Self-efficacy
  • Temptation

These factors influence a person’s willingness to progress through the stages.

26
Q

What is decisional balance?

A

The strength of a person’s beliefs about the pros and cons of changing

It is crucial during the Contemplation stage.

27
Q

What does self-efficacy refer to?

A

The confidence a person has in their ability to change and avoid relapse

It is essential for progressing through the stages.

28
Q

What is temptation in the context of the Transtheoretical Model?

A

The intensity of the urge to engage in undesirable behavior

Temptation is usually strongest in the early stages of change.

29
Q

True or False: The order of the stages in the Transtheoretical Model is easy to memorize.

A

True

Each stage’s name describes its order in the sequence.

30
Q

Fill in the blank: The acronym that helps remember the stages of the Transtheoretical Model is _____

A

PC-PAM-T

Each letter corresponds to a stage in the model.

31
Q

What is Motivational Interviewing (MI)?

A

A method for enhancing intrinsic motivation by exploring and resolving ambivalence.

32
Q

Who developed Motivational Interviewing?

A

Miller & Rollnick.

33
Q

What was MI originally developed for?

A

As an intervention for substance use disorders.

34
Q

Which therapy elements does MI incorporate?

A
  • Rogers’s person-centered therapy
  • Prochaska and DiClemente’s transtheoretical model
  • Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy
  • Festinger’s notion of cognitive dissonance.
35
Q

What does MI assume about interventions?

A

They are most effective when they match the client’s stage of change.

36
Q

Which stages of change is MI particularly useful for?

A

Precontemplation and contemplation stages.

37
Q

What is ‘change talk’ in MI?

A

Statements that favor change, e.g., ‘I’d probably feel a lot better if I stopped smoking.’

38
Q

What is ‘sustain talk’ in MI?

A

Statements that favor maintaining the status quo, e.g., ‘I’m just not ready to stop smoking.’

39
Q

What does ‘discord’ refer to in MI?

A

Statements that signal dissonance in the therapist-client relationship.

40
Q

What is decisional balance (DB) in MI?

A

A strategy involving identifying the pros and cons of change.

41
Q

When is decisional balance contraindicated?

A

When the goal is to resolve the client’s ambivalence to promote change.

42
Q

What did Marker and Norton’s (2018) meta-analysis find regarding MI?

A

Patients with anxiety disorders who received MI prior to CBT had greater symptom reduction than those who received CBT only.

43
Q

What was found in Randall and McNeil’s (2017) review regarding MI and CBT?

A

The combination of MI and CBT was more beneficial than CBT alone for several disorders.

44
Q

How effective is MI when delivered via telehealth compared to in-person?

A

MI has similar beneficial effects whether delivered in-person or via telehealth.

45
Q

What is Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapy?

A

Time-limited alternatives to longer-term psychodynamic psychotherapies.

46
Q

What do brief psychodynamic psychotherapies assume about change?

A

Change can occur during a brief therapeutic process.

47
Q

What is a characteristic of brief psychodynamic psychotherapies regarding therapy goals?

A

Therapy should have limited goals identified and agreed upon by the client and therapist.

48
Q

Who are brief psychodynamic therapies appropriate for?

A

Clients who can benefit from insight-oriented therapy and can form a therapeutic alliance.

49
Q

What role do practitioners take in brief psychodynamic therapy?

A

An active role to quickly establish a therapeutic alliance.

50
Q

What type of transference do practitioners of brief psychodynamic therapy emphasize?

A

Positive transference.

51
Q

What concerns do practitioners address early in brief psychodynamic therapy?

A

Loss, separation, and concerns related to termination of therapy.

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