nobody here passed their psych eval Flashcards
What is the MMPI-2?
A measure of personality and psychopathology for individuals 18 years and older
It assists with diagnosis, treatment planning, and selecting applicants for high-risk occupations.
How many items does the MMPI-2 consist of?
567 true/false items
What are the main types of scales provided by the MMPI-2?
Original clinical and validity scales, restructured clinical scales, additional validity scales, content scales, clinical subscales, supplementary scales
These scales help assess various aspects of personality and psychopathology.
What is the mean and standard deviation of T-scores in MMPI-2?
Mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10
What T-score is considered clinically significant in MMPI-2?
T-scores of 65 and above
What does a T-score near 50 indicate?
Considered normal
What is the clinical significance of low scores (under 35 or 40) on some MMPI-2 scales?
May have clinical meaning
What is the primary use of the MMPI-2?
Assist with the diagnosis of mental disorders
How is the MMPI-2 typically used in conjunction with other assessment techniques?
Combined with a semistructured clinical interview
According to Widiger and Samuel (2005), what is the best strategy for diagnosing personality disorders?
Combine MMPI-2 with a semistructured clinical interview and begin with the self-report inventory
Fill in the blank: The MMPI-2 is used to select applicants for _______ occupations.
high-risk
What is the primary method used to derive the original clinical scales?
Empirical criterion keying
How many clinical groups were involved in the empirical criterion keying process?
Eight clinical groups and a non-clinical control group
What does an elevated score on scale 1 (Hs) indicate?
Preoccupation with physical complaints
What does scale 2 (D) measure?
Depression and hopelessness
What is indicated by elevated scores on scale 3 (Hy)?
Stress and conflicts expressed as physical symptoms
What does scale 4 (Pd) signify?
Social alienation and disinhibition
What does scale 5 (Mf) assess?
Stereotyped gender roles and interests
What is the interpretation of elevated scores on scale 6 (Pa)?
Suspiciousness and interpersonal sensitivity
What does scale 7 (Pt) reflect?
Anxiety and excessive fear and doubt
What does an elevated score on scale 8 (Sc) indicate?
Psychosis and severe social and emotional alienation
What is indicated by elevated scores on scale 9 (Ma)?
Unstable mood and hyperarousal
What is the interpretation of elevated scores on scale 0 (Si)?
Social withdrawal and avoidance
What are two-point codes in clinical scale interpretation?
Codes indicating the two scales with the highest scores
What does a two-point code of 4-9 or 9-4 indicate?
High scores on Psychopathic Deviate and Hypomania
What is the association of a two-point code of 2-7 or 7-2?
Depression and Psychasthenia linked to psychiatric populations
What is the conversion V code also known as?
Conversion valley
What does the conversion V code indicate?
Elevated scores on scales 1 (Hypochondriasis) and 3 (Hysteria) with a lower score on scale 2 (Depression)
What psychological issues are associated with the conversion V code?
Expression of psychological problems as somatic complaints
What is the psychotic V code also known as?
Paranoid valley
What does the psychotic V code indicate?
Elevated scores on scales 6 (Paranoia) and 8 (Schizophrenia) with a lower score on scale 7 (Psychasthenia)
What psychological issues are associated with the psychotic V code?
Delusions, hallucinations, paranoia, and disordered thought
What is the neurotic triad associated with?
Elevated scores on scales 1 (Hypochondriasis), 2 (Depression), and 3 (Hysteria)
What are the psychological implications of the neurotic triad?
Depression, somatic complaints, interpersonal problems, and dissatisfaction
What does the L scale in MMPI-2 detect?
Underreporting of symptoms
Indicates attempts to fake good, self-righteousness, denial, or poor insight.
What does the K scale assess in the MMPI-2?
Defensiveness/Correction
Detects subtle underreporting of symptoms and may indicate resistance to evaluation and treatment.
What type of responses does the F scale in MMPI-2 identify?
Overreporting of symptoms
Highlights infrequent responses in the general population, indicating attempts to fake bad or significant pathology.
What is the purpose of the Fb scale in MMPI-2?
Detects overreporting of symptoms on the last 197 test items
Can indicate random responding due to fatigue or loss of interest.
What does the Fp scale measure?
Overreporting of symptoms in psychiatric population
Suggests exaggeration of symptoms or severe distress.
What does the S scale in MMPI-2 indicate?
Superlative Self-Presentation
Detects a tendency to present oneself as virtuous while denying problems.
What does the VRIN scale assess?
Variable Response Inconsistency
Identifies random responding and signals an invalid profile.
What does the TRIN scale measure?
True Response Inconsistency
Detects fixed patterns of responding, indicating an invalid profile.
What does the ? (Cannot Say) scale represent?
Total number of unscorable items
May indicate reading problems, confusion, or lack of cooperation.
What does an elevated F scale score combined with a high VRIN scale score suggest?
Random responding
Both scales measure inconsistent responding patterns.
What does an elevated F scale score with a low VRIN scale score indicate?
Endorsement of actual or faked psychopathology
Suggests responses were not random.
What do high L and K scale scores with a low F scale score suggest?
Attempt to present oneself favorably
Associated with parental alienation syndrome in custody evaluations.
What is the MMPI-2-RF?
A brief alternative to the MMPI-2 for individuals 18 years and older with 338 true/false items
It consists of 9 validity scales and 42 clinical content scales.
How many validity scales does the MMPI-2-RF have?
9 validity scales
It also contains 42 clinical content scales.
What are the restructured clinical (RC) scales?
Scales developed for the MMPI-2 assessing specific areas of psychological functioning
These scales are part of the MMPI-2-RF and MMPI-3.
What age group is the MMPI-3 designed for?
Individuals 18 years of age and older
It is the most recent version of the MMPI.
How many true/false items are in the MMPI-3?
335 true/false items
The MMPI-3 updates items, scales, and test norms from the MMPI-2-RF.
What scales does the MMPI-3 provide scores on?
52 scales including validity scales, RC scales, H-O scales, SP scales, and PSY-5 scales
It includes updated norms matching projected 2020 U.S. census data.
What is the MMPI-A?
A measure of psychopathology and personality for adolescents aged 14 to 18
It includes 478 true/false items.
What types of scales does the MMPI-A include?
Clinical scales, clinical subscales, validity scales, and content scales
It provides scores similar to the MMPI-2.
What is the MMPI-A-RF?
A measure of psychopathology and personality for adolescents 14 to 18 with 241 true/false items
It is similar in structure to the MMPI-2-RF.
How many true/false items does the MMPI-A-RF contain?
241 true/false items
This version is specifically designed for adolescents.
True or False: The MMPI-3 includes a Spanish-language translation.
True
It also provides norms based on Spanish speakers.
What are structured personality tests?
Tests requiring examinees to provide information about their personality traits by responding to objective, non-ambiguous items.
Who developed the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF)?
Cattell in 1947.
What strategy did Cattell use to develop the 16 PF?
The lexical strategy and factor analysis.
What are the two types of traits identified in the 16 PF?
- 16 primary traits
- 5 global traits
What are some examples of primary traits in the 16 PF?
- Warmth
- Dominance
- Sensitivity
What does the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) assess?
15 basic needs derived from Murray’s system of human needs.
What is the format of the EPPS?
Forced-choice format with two statements.
What type of scores does the EPPS yield?
Ipsative scores indicating the relative strength of an examinee’s needs.
What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) measure?
Four bipolar personality dimensions.